1、 Language and grammar1.In 1967,_ Stanley Milgram did an experiment to find out how many degrees of separation there were between strangers in different parts of America.2.All of the _ in Milgrams experiment were delivered to the right people after passing through the hands of between five and seven
2、people.random sociologist network publish package chain Focus on Language:Important wordssociologistpackages3.The results of Milgrams experiment _ in the magazine Psychology Today.4.The results of the“Columbia Small-world Project”confirmed that the average number of links in the _ was six.random soc
3、iologist network publish package chain were publishedchainFocus on Language:Important words5.People doing experiments into“Six Degrees of Separation”usually choose a _ sample of people to take part to make the results more reliable.6.Recently,creating and growing your social _ has become more import
4、ant than ever before due to the growth of social media.random sociologist network publish package chain randomnetworkFocus on Language:Important wordsFocus on Language:Important sentencesResearch shows the average person only has regular communication with between seven and fifteen people,and that m
5、ost of our communication is in fact with five to ten people who are closest to us.Page8研究表明，普通人只与研究表明，普通人只与 7 7 至至 1515个人经常保持个人经常保持联系，而且其中大部分的交流实际上只发生在联系，而且其中大部分的交流实际上只发生在 5 5 到到 10 10 个亲近的人身上。个亲近的人身上。Research shows the average person only has regular communication with between seven and fifteen peo
6、ple,and that most of our communication is in fact with five to ten people who are closest to us.Page8Research shows(that)the average person and fifteen people 此句为此句为省略了省略了 that 的宾语从句的宾语从句Focus on Language:Important sentencesResearch shows the average person only has regular communication with betwee
7、n seven and fifteen people,and that most of our communication is in fact with five to ten people who are closest to us.Page8and that most of our communication are closest to us 此句为此句为 that 引导的宾语从句；引导的宾语从句；who are closest to us 此句为此句为 who 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句Focus on Language:Important sentencesResearch sh
8、ows the average person only has regular communication with between seven and fifteen people,and that most of our communication is in fact with five to ten people who are closest to us.Page8注意：本句注意：本句 and 并列了两个宾语从句，当一个句并列了两个宾语从句，当一个句子有多个并列的宾语从句，子有多个并列的宾语从句，第一个宾语从句第一个宾语从句的引的引导词导词 that 可省略，后面宾语从句可省略，后面
9、宾语从句的引导词的引导词 that 不不可以省略可以省略。Focus on Language:Important sentencesThe Hungarian author Frigyes Karinthy published a book called Everything is Different in 1929,in which he introduced the idea of friendship networks and his ideas influenced many of our early impressions of social networks.Page8匈牙利作家弗
10、里吉斯匈牙利作家弗里吉斯考林蒂于考林蒂于 1929 年出版了年出版了一切皆不同一切皆不同这本书，在书中他介绍了关系网这本书，在书中他介绍了关系网的概念，并且他的观点影响了我们早期很多对于的概念，并且他的观点影响了我们早期很多对于社会网的设想。社会网的设想。Focus on Language:Important sentencesin which social networks 为介词加关系代词为介词加关系代词引导的引导的定语从句定语从句。Page8The Hungarian author Frigyes Karinthy published a book called Everything i
11、s Different in 1929,in which he introduced the idea of friendship networks and his ideas influenced many of our early impressions of social networks.Focus on Language:Important sentencesimpression:leave/make an impression on sbimpress v 使钦佩；给使钦佩；给留下深刻印象留下深刻印象be impressed with/by/at 对对印象深刻印象深刻Page8Th
12、e Hungarian author Frigyes Karinthy published a book called Everything is Different in 1929,in which he introduced the idea of friendship networks and his ideas influenced many of our early impressions of social networks.Focus on Language:Important sentencesAmazingly,it only took between five and se
13、ven people to get the parcels delivered,and once released,the results were published in the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today.Page9令人惊奇的是，这些包裹只需要经五到七个人令人惊奇的是，这些包裹只需要经五到七个人就能够送达，此结果一经发布，就发布在了双就能够送达，此结果一经发布，就发布在了双月刊月刊今日心理学今日心理学上。上。Focus on Language:Important sentencesAmazingly,it only took between f
14、ive and seven people to get the parcels delivered,and once released,the results were published in the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today.Page9get sb/sth done 使某人使某人/某物被某物被Once 引导引导状语从句的省略状语从句的省略，完整形式是，完整形式是 once the results were releasedFocus on Language:Important sentences状语从句的省略状语从句的省略状语从句同时具备下列两
15、个条件状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:主句和从句的主语主句和从句的主语一致；一致；从句谓语动词从句谓语动词是是 be 的某种形式。满足以上两个的某种形式。满足以上两个条件，从句中的主语和条件，从句中的主语和 be 动词常可省略。动词常可省略。Focus on Language:Important sentences1._(在北京旅游的时候),I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.2.When _(ask)for his views about his teaching job,Philip said he found it very interesting an
16、d rewarding.3._(除非修理),the machine is of no use.4._(要是给更多的关注),the boy could have turned out better.When/While visiting in BeijingaskedUnless repaired If given more attention toFocus on Language:ExercisesThe television series Lost also explored the idea of“Six Degrees of Separation”,as almost all the
17、characters had randomly met each other,or had met someone the other characters knew,before they were all in the same plane crash.Page9电视剧电视剧迷失迷失也探讨了也探讨了“六度分隔六度分隔”理论，因理论，因为剧中同一架失事飞机上几乎所有角色之前都曾为剧中同一架失事飞机上几乎所有角色之前都曾偶遇，或者曾遇到过其他角色认识的人。偶遇，或者曾遇到过其他角色认识的人。Focus on Language:Important sentencesAs 引导引导原因状语从句原因
18、状语从句，其中，其中 or 连接了连接了两个谓语动词两个谓语动词；someone 后面是省略了关系代词的后面是省略了关系代词的定语从句定语从句；before 引导了引导了时间状语从句时间状语从句。Page9Focus on Language:Important sentencesThe television series Lost also explored the idea of“Six Degrees of Separation”,as almost all the characters had randomly met each other,or had met someone the
19、other characters knew,before they were all in the same plane crash.As 做连词的用法：做连词的用法：1.引导时间状语从句。与引导时间状语从句。与 while 意义相近，强调两个意义相近，强调两个动作同时发生；或某事一发生，另一事立刻发生。动作同时发生；或某事一发生，另一事立刻发生。He shouted aloud as he ran along.I was startled as he opened the door.We get wiser as we get older.Focus on Language:Importan
20、t sentencesAs 做连词的用法：做连词的用法：2.引导原因状语从句，与引导原因状语从句，与 because 的用法相近。的用法相近。As it was getting very late,we soon turned back.We must stop writing now,as I have rather a lot of work to do.Focus on Language:Important sentencesAs 做连词的用法：做连词的用法：3.引导方式状语从句，作引导方式状语从句，作“正如正如，好像，好像，按照按照”解。解。主要的句式有主要的句式有 as if/as
21、though/just a/just as as。When at Rome,do as Romans do.We do farm work as the old peasant teaches us.Focus on Language:Words and sentences As 做连词的用法：做连词的用法：4.引导让步状语从句；作引导让步状语从句；作“虽然，尽管虽然，尽管”解。这时从句解。这时从句常用倒状语序，即把从句中的表语，状语或动词原形放常用倒状语序，即把从句中的表语，状语或动词原形放在在 as 之前。之前。Child as she is,she knows a lot.Busy as
22、 he is,he insists on studying.Try as he might,Tom could not get out of the difficulties.Focus on Language:Words and sentences Read the sentences.Underline the passive forms.What tense is used in each sentence?1.The concept was first talked about as long ago as in the 1920s.2.In the 1950s,an attempt
23、was made by two scientists to prove the theory mathematically.Focus on Grammar:Passive Forms in the Past 3.Once the parcel had been received by this person,he/she would send the parcel onto a contact of theirs until the parcel could be personally delivered to the correct person.4.Its name was used as the title of a play and then a film.5.Soon the game was being played in universities across the United States.Focus on Grammar:Passive Forms in the Past VIHomeworkThank you
