1、Section CDeveloping ideas&Presenting ideas&Reflection.知识体系图解 重点词汇1.rural adj.2.cottage n.3.domestic adj.4.depart v.5.botanical adj.6.adj.抑郁的 7.n.纯洁,纯净 8.v.安于,顺从于 9.v.冷落,嫌弃 10.n.舒适,悠闲 11.v.得到,获得 12.v.评价,评估 农村的,乡村的 乡村小屋驯养的;家养的离开植物学的depressivepurityresignrejecteaseattainevaluate重点短语1.反对 2.关注 3.目的 4.作为回
2、报 5.反应 6.in contrast to 7.resign oneself to 8.withdraw from 9.at ease be opposed tofocus onaim toin returnreaction to对比顺从退出闲适重点句式Devoting himself to observations of the natural phenomena,he recorded his detailed findings in his journals.介词填空1.They bought an old schoolhouse to live and built a worksh
3、op in the basement.2.It took an extraordinary effort to focus preparing his classes or correcting his students work.3.She succeeded inventing the new machine.4.After I had graduated I continued to devote myself research.5.The president cannot yet be described a failure.inonintoas.阅读导学根据课文内容,判断正(T)误(
4、F)。1.Taos descriptions of nature emphasised the beauty and purity of the wild areas around him.2.Tao returned to nature as he hoped,living a closer life to nature.3.Tao and Thoreau lived in the same age of different countries.4.Tao and Thoreau didnt treat nature in quite the same way,but their works
5、 show its beauty and value.5.In todays modern world,their ideas may take us a step closer to attaining fulfilment.答案:1.F2.F3.F4.T5.T重点词汇1.And yet they shared an intense respect for nature,which made them each an influential figure of their time.然而,他们对自然有着强烈的尊重,这使得他们每个人成了那个时代有影响力的人物。(p.56)【词汇精讲】influ
6、ential为形容词,表示“有很大影响的”,它还有“有支配力的”含义。She is one of the most influential figures in local politics.她是本地政坛举足轻重的人物之一。【词汇拓展】influence v.影响,起作用n.影响,作用influence upon/on sb/sth对产生影响under the influence of在的影响下He was arrested on suspicion of driving under the influence of alcohol.他因涉嫌酒后驾驶被捕。This example has a
7、great influence upon/on young people.这个事例对年轻人有重大的影响。Dont let me influence you either way.不要让我在任何方面影响你。【名师点睛】affect/impress/influence翻译为“影响”时的区别:(1)affect v.“影响”,通常由物作主语,多指产生消极作用。The food is for the areas affected by the flood.食物是为受洪水影响的地区准备的。(2)impress v.“给留下深刻印象”,指给人留下很深的印象,从而受到影响和感动,比 affect 影响更深,
8、时间更长。His lecture that day impressed the audience.他那天的讲座让听众印象深刻。(3)influence v.“影响”,通常指潜移默化地起作用。What influenced him to take up teaching?是什么影响他去从事教学工作?2.In 405,he quit the service of the court for good,expressing his unhappiness in the now famous line that he would not“bow like a servant in return for
9、 five dou of grain”.在公元405年,他辞去朝廷的官职,用现在流行的“不为五斗米折腰”表达了他的不悦。(p.56)【词汇精讲】in return 作为回报Can I buy you lunch in return for your help?我想请你吃午饭感谢你的帮助好吗?【词汇拓展】in turn轮流;相应地We clean the blackboard in turn every week.我们每周轮流擦黑板。3.While Taos return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to,Thor
10、eaus was a personal decision to transform the way he lived.尽管陶渊明回归大自然是对他反对的生活方式作出的反应,梭罗改变他的生活方式则是一个私人决定。(p.56)【词汇精讲】reaction为名词,表示“反应,回应”,常与to连用。What was his reaction to the news?他对这消息有何反应?【词汇拓展】react v.反应,对作出反应react with同反应react to对反应This chemical class is about the reaction of metals with oxygen a
11、nd our teacher shows us how iron reacts with air and water.这堂化学课是关于金属和氧气在一起的反应,老师展示给我们铁与水和空气是如何起反应的。4.The smoke above reluctant to depart.炊烟轻柔而缓慢地向上飘升(依依墟里烟)。(p.57)【词汇精讲】reluctant为形容词,表示“不情愿的;勉强的”。She was reluctant to admit she was wrong.她不愿意承认自己有错。【词汇拓展】reluctantly adv.不情愿地be reluctant to do sth不情愿
12、做某事The child was reluctant to leave her mother.这个孩子不愿意离开她的妈妈。5.Live in each season as it passes;breathe the air,drink the drink,taste the fruit,and resign yourself to the influences of each.生活在每一个流逝的季节;呼吸着空气,喝着饮料,品尝着水果,让自己沉浸在每种影响里。(p.57)【词汇精讲】resign oneself to使自己安于某事/做某事You must resign yourselves to
13、 waiting a bit longer.你们得耐心地多等一会儿。【词汇拓展】resigned adj.屈从的,顺从的resign from辞职,放弃resign ones post/position辞职be/seem resigned to sth/doing sth准备忍受或容忍某事物She wears a resigned look on her face.她脸上带着逆来顺受的表情。Shes just resigned from the committee.她刚辞去了委员会的职务。She seems resigned to the fact that shes dying.她似乎接受了
14、她来日无多的事实。6.It takes considerable courage to reject the easy and familiar and instead try to live closer to nature,as both Tao and Thoreau did.如陶渊明和梭罗一样,厌弃原来的舒适的熟悉的生活,过田园一般的生活是相当需要勇气的。(p.57)【词汇精讲】reject 为及物动词,表示“拒绝接受;不予考虑”。The proposal was firmly rejected.这项提议被断然否决。【词汇拓展】reject sb/sth拒绝某人/某物rejection
15、 n.拒绝,否决The prime minister rejected any idea of reforming the system.首相对任何改革体制的想法都不予考虑。Her proposal met with rejection.她的建议遭到否决。重点句式Devoting himself to observations of the natural phenomena,he recorded his detailed findings in his journals.致力于研究自然现象,他在他的日志中详细记录了他的发现。(p.57)【句式剖析】Devoting himself to.现
16、在分词(非谓语)在句子中作状语,通常都表示主语在进行的另一动作,用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬。Having lived with the girl for years,we all know her well.和那个女孩儿生活了几年,我们都非常了解她。【句式拓展】现在分词作状语可表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随动作,相当于相对应的状语从句或者并列句。Not knowing how to work out the difficult math problem,he asked the teacher for help.(原因状语)因为不知道如何解出这道数学难题,他向老师
17、求助。Working hard,youll succeed.(条件状语)只要努力学习,你就会成功。Weighing one hundred jin,the stone was moved by him alone.(让步状语)这块石头虽然重达百斤,但还是被他一个人移开了。Their car was caught in a traffic jam,thus causing the delay.(结果状语)他们的车遇上了交通拥堵,结果导致了迟到。The children ran out of the classroom,laughing and talking happily.(伴随状语)孩子们快
18、乐地说着、笑着跑出了教室。Reaching his arm long enough,the boy got the dictionary down from the top of the bookshelf.(方式状语)那个男孩把胳膊伸长,取下了书架顶端的字典。Watching the football match attentively,Tom received a phone call from his father.(时间状语)正专注地看着足球赛,汤姆收到了他父亲的来电。文化意识Qomolangma(珠穆朗玛峰)珠穆朗玛峰(简称珠峰)是喜马拉雅山脉的主峰,同时也是世界上海拔最高的山峰,位
19、于中国与尼泊尔边境线上,北部在中国西藏定日县境内,南部在尼泊尔境内,是中国跨越四个县的珠穆朗玛峰自然保护区和尼泊尔国家公园的中心所在。珠穆朗玛峰的高度,尼泊尔等国采用的雪盖高(总高)是8 848米,与中国测绘工作者1975年的珠峰测量值一致;中国采用的是2005年中国国家测绘局测量的岩面高(裸高,即地质高度)为8 844.43米。高分写作请观察自然界中的蚂蚁,并写一篇以“A life lesson from ants”为题的短文。一、审题定调1.确定体裁:该篇习作应以记叙文的形式书写。该话题对学生来说比较熟悉,但要根据提示合理发挥,拓展主题。2.确定人称:本文的主要人称为第一人称。3.确定时态
20、:时态以一般过去时为主。二、谋篇布局为使文章能够连贯通顺,习作内容应包括以下三个方面:1.自己与蚂蚁之间的故事;2.从中学到了什么;3.带来的人生启迪。三、组织语言1.核心词汇so close 如此接近;这么密切;如此亲密perseverance 坚持不懈;锲而不舍;毅力as a result因此one by one一个接一个day in and day out日复一日2.高级句式(1)蚂蚁农场日复一日地证明,团队精神和毅力确实是成功的两个关键因素。Day in and day out,the ant farm demonstrated that teamwork and perseveran
21、ce are indeed two key ingredients to success.(2)还有直到最近我才意识到一个更大的教训,灾难是生命的自然部分。It was not until recently that I realised there was an even larger lesson that disaster is a natural part of life.四、连句成文 参考范文:A life lesson from antsI learned about a life lesson from an ant farm.When I was seven years old
22、,we brought some ants from the backyard and placed them into the new home.On the fifth day,a disaster struck the ant farm.While I was observing the ants,I put my face so close to the structure that I accidentally tipped it over,caving in all the tunnels.As a result,one by one they began to die.Over
23、the years,I came to realise the ants were able to create an amazing world for themselves by working together.Day in and day out,the ant farm demonstrated that teamwork and perseverance are indeed two key ingredients to success.It was not until recently that I realised there was an even larger lesson
24、 that disaster is a natural part of life.Unlike the ants,humans cannot give up when they face disappointment.Instead,we have to realise that if a tunnel caves in,we just have to build another.单词拼写1.There are so many words of(智慧)in Chinese history.答案:wisdom2.Both poets drew their(灵感)from the countrys
25、ide.答案:inspiration3.The police had to(运用)force to enter the building.答案:employ4.After retirement,he lived a(乡村的)way of life.答案:rural5.Nowadays more and more people fall in(抑郁)illness.答案:depressive6.The(纯净)of water is tested regularly.答案:purity7.He(辞职)as manager 8 years ago.答案:resigned8.When her husb
26、and left home,she felt(冷落).答案:rejected9.Most of the students(获得)five“A”grades in their exams.答案:attained.课文语法填空Superficially,Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau shared respect for nature that made them an 1.(influence)figure of their day.Both men made dramatical transformations to their lives in or
27、der to reconnect 2.nature.As an official,Tao felt 3.(conflict)over life at court and succeeded in 4.(find)contentment in its simplicity.Thoreau lived in a cottage in the forest,5.(focus)on himself and his writing.Thoreaus 6.(describe)of nature emphasised the beauty and purity of the wild areas aroun
28、d him.7.(devote)himself to observations of the natural phenomena,he recorded his detailed findings in his journals.influential withconflictedfindingfindingdescriptionsDevotingWe should live with them in 8.(harmonious)and enjoy natures gifts.It takes considerable courage to reject the easy and familiar and instead try to live closer to nature,9.both Tao and Thoreau did.Their choices led them to quiet and reflective lives 10.fewer material desires.harmonyaswith
