1、Unit 4 Breaking boundariesUnderstanding ideas目录页contentsPre-readingILanguage pointsFast readingIIHomeworkIntensive readingIIIVIPost-readingPre-reading Pre-readingRead the information about MSF and answer the questions.Mdecins Sans Frontires(MSF),or Doctors Without Borders in English,was founded in P
2、aris in 1971 by a group of doctors and journalists.It is an independent,non-profit organisation whose mission is to provide medical care to those affected by conflict,epidemics,disasters or a lack of access to health care.It assists people based on need,regardless of which country they are from.The
3、top priority goes to those in the most serious and immediate danger.Today,MSF has over 67,000 team members from over 150 countries and regions.Pre-reading1.When was MSF founded and what does it do?It was founded in 1971 to provide medical care to those affected by conflict,epidemics,disasters or a l
4、ack of access to health care.2.What is the top priority of MSF?The top priority goes to those in the most serious and immediate danger.3.What else do you know about it?Show your own answers.Fast reading Fast readingRead the journal of an MSF doctor and find out what problem he was involved in tackli
5、ng.The doctor was involved in tackling the infectious disease Ebola in Liberia.Fast readingChoose the ideas conveyed in the passage and find evidence to support your choices.1.It is not the first time the author has worked with MSF.2.The work with MSF in Liberia is life-threatening.3.The author enjo
6、yed working together with all his colleagues.4.The author always felt frustrated with the high death rate.Fast readingChoose the ideas conveyed in the passage and find evidence to support your choices.Para 2:I knew I was putting my life at risk,but I thought,“If I dont do it,who will?”It is importan
7、t to remember that Ebola doesnt respect national boundaries.Para 6:It is so inspiring to have colleagues like Wilton,Maisy and Alfonso,not to mention all the others I have worked with.Evidence Fast readingNow use five adjectives to describe the spirit of MSF doctors and give your reasons.brave/coura
8、geous/fearlessselflessdevoted/dedicatedhard-workingkind-hearted merciful IIIIntensive reading Intensive reading:Find detailed informationOrganise information from the passage and complete the table.Time Experiences Feelings Beforearrival How I made up my mind:_My 100 daysWhat I did on arrival:_What
9、my daily work was like:_An unforgettable case:_Now What is special about today:_What we are doing:_ Intensive reading:Find detailed informationTime Experiences Feelings Beforearrival How I made up my mind:_I saw the tragic scenes on the news and I felt it was my duty as a doctor to go there and offe
10、r my help.with strong sense of mission Intensive reading:Find detailed informationTime Experiences Feelings My 100 daysWhat I did on arrival:_What my daily work was like:_An unforgettable case:_ I got to know the daily routine and my colleagues and started my work.Together with the others working fo
11、r or alongside MSF,I helped those who were infected with the terrible disease Ebola.We worked together,surrounded by blood,vomit and death.Two young brothers survived the disease after their family members had died.proud,hopeful,amazed Intensive reading:Find detailed informationTime Experiences Feel
12、ings Now What is special about today:_What we are doing:_We celebrated because its exactly one month since the last reported case,and my time is almost up.We are collaborating to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.happy,inspired,proud,hopeful Intensive reading:Rea
13、d and Answer Now read the information and answer the questions.We call on the people of all countries to work together to build a community with a shared future for mankind,to build an open,inclusive,clean,and beautiful world that enjoys lasting peace,universal security,and common prosperity.From Xi
14、 Jinpings report at the 19th CPC National Congress1.What is your understanding of“a community with a shared future for mankind”?2.How is the idea reflected in the MSF doctors journal?Intensive reading:Read and Answer Now read the information and answer the questions.1.What is your understanding of“a
15、 community with a shared future for mankind”?Today,humankind is faced with many challenges;the issue concerning the direction the international community is going in draws attention.Under this background,the role of major countries is particularly crucial.The international community calls for a lead
16、ing force that advocates fairness and justice,promotes win-win cooperation,defends progress,unity and common understanding,and advocates the whole world as one community.Intensive reading:Read and Answer 2.How is the idea reflected in the MSF doctors journal?The author mentioned that Ebola has no re
17、spect for borders.This indicates that borders are artificial.Many human differences are similarly artificial or unimportant when compared to what unites people.Doctors and others involved in the fight against the disease were united by their common values of respecting and saving human life.Now read
18、 the information and answer the questions.Post-reading The above parts have shown us what MFS is and what the MFS doctors do.Now discuss with your partners to dig up more information.Post-reading:Think and share 1.What is your understanding of the first sentence in Paragraph 6?Facing the crisis,peop
19、le,regardless of the nations and professions,united as one.Post-reading:Think and share 2.What difficulties do you think the author might have faced during his work?Post-reading:Think and shareShare your own answers.For example:language barrierpoor living conditions lack of daily necessaries 3.Do yo
20、u know of any other similar organisations?What do they do?Post-reading:Think and shareShare your own answers.For example:Red Crossthe World Wildlife Fund 4.What have you learnt from the passage that can help you talk about“a community with a shared future”?Post-reading:Think and shareShare your own
21、answers.Language points The first reason to tackle these problems is to save childrens lives.果断处理这些问题的首要原因是为了挽救孩子们的生命。1.tackle v 应付，处理，解决（难题或局面）应付，处理，解决（难题或局面）Language points:Important words 与与交谈，与交谈，与交涉交涉（问题或困难情况）（问题或困难情况）I tackled him about how anyone could live amidst so much poverty.我坦率地问他，人在如此贫
22、穷的环境中如何还能生存。近义词或短语：近义词或短语：handle;deal with;cope with It is vital to keep a check on your speed.经常检查并控制你的车速是至关重要的。2.vital adj 至关重要的至关重要的；必不可少的必不可少的Good financial accounts are vital to the success of any enterprise.妥善的财务账目对任何公司的成功都是极其重要的。近义词：近义词：necessary;crucial;essentialLanguage points:Important wor
23、ds At seven oclock the night nurse came in to relieve her.7点钟的时候夜班护士来接她的班。3.relieve v 接替；给接替；给换班换班 缓和，缓解，减轻，解除缓和，缓解，减轻，解除（不愉快的情绪或形势）（不愉快的情绪或形势）Drugs can relieve much of the pain.药物能够大大地缓解病痛。词汇变形：词汇变形：n relief Much to my relief the car was not damaged.令我非常庆幸的是车并没有损坏。Language points:Important words 1.
24、take any chances _ 2.put.at risk_ 3.at least_4.in ones 50s_ 5.a growing sense of pride _心存侥幸；冒险心存侥幸；冒险使处于危险境地使处于危险境地至少至少在某人五十多岁时在某人五十多岁时Language points:Important phrases日益增长日益增长的自豪感的自豪感6.against all odds_7.make a full recovery_ 8.be caught up in_ 9.not to mention_ 10.step into sbs shoes _ 完全康复完全康复被卷
25、入；牵涉被卷入；牵涉更不必说更不必说尽管困难重重尽管困难重重接替某人（的职务接替某人（的职务/位置）位置）Language points:Important phrases 1.So,20 health care workers from almost as many countries,comrades in arms,raise virtual glasses to each other.Language points:Important sentencesParaphrase:So,20 health care workers from almost 20 different count
26、ries,who have combated Ebola together,make a symbolic gesture of raising their glasses to celebrate the good news.1.So,20 health care workers from almost as many countries,comrades in arms,raise virtual glasses to each other.Language points:Important sentences句中句中 comrades in arms 是是 20 health care
27、workers 的同的同位语，意为位语，意为“战友战友”。例如：The meeting with the old comrades in arms is a joyful one.与老战友的那次聚会很欢乐。1.So,20 health care workers from almost as many countries,comrades in arms,raise virtual glasses to each other.Language points:Important sentencesvirtual glasses 意为意为“虚拟的酒杯虚拟的酒杯”，根据前文作者提，根据前文作者提到最近
28、一个月来没有上报感染病例，因此此处意思是到最近一个月来没有上报感染病例，因此此处意思是来自世界各地的无国界医生们象征性地举杯庆祝。来自世界各地的无国界医生们象征性地举杯庆祝。virtual 意为“虚拟的”，例如：The players can compete in a virtual world of role playing.玩家可以在虚拟世界中扮演角色进行角逐。2.There are no borders for doctors,for patients or for anyone else involved in combating this terrible disease.Langu
29、age points:Important sentencesParaphrase:There are no borders for whoever is fighting this terrible disease.involved 作后置定语修饰前面的名词，可拓展为一个定语从句，即：.for anyone else who is involved in combating this terrible disease.2.There are no borders for doctors,for patients or for anyone else involved in combating
30、this terrible disease.Language points:Important sentences短语短语 be/get involved in 意为意为“使卷入，使陷入使卷入，使陷入”，也，也有有“鼓励鼓励参与参与”之意。之意。例如：Dont get involved in their problems.别卷入他们的问题里。Let your child be involved in the process of choosing books.鼓励你的孩子参与挑选图书。2.There are no borders for doctors,for patients or for
31、anyone else involved in combating this terrible disease.Language points:Important sentencescombat 意为“战斗”，相当于 fight。例如：He has criticised new government measures to combat crime.他批评了新政府防止犯罪的措施。3.As she talked,I could hear at least three different languages being spoken at the tables around us.Language
32、 points:Important sentencesParaphrase:When she(Emma)talked,I could hear that different people were speaking at least three different languages at the tables around us.此句中此句中 hear sth being done 表示听到某件事情表示听到某件事情正在被正在被做做，也就是说听到的时候这件事，也就是说听到的时候这件事正在发生正在发生。Language points:Important sentenceshear 作感官动词时后
33、面有两种形式：作感官动词时后面有两种形式：hear sb doing 或或hear sb do，分别表示听到某人正在做某事或者做过某事。分别表示听到某人正在做某事或者做过某事。例如：I heard someone knocking at the door when I fell asleep.我睡觉时听见有人在敲门。I heard someone knock at the door three times.我睡觉时听见有人敲了三次门。3.As she talked,I could hear at least three different languages being spoken at t
34、he tables around us.其他类似的感官动词还有：其他类似的感官动词还有：listen,see,watch,notice,observe,feel 等。等。4.But,although the death rate is very high,we will never give up on a patient,and our efforts do sometimes end in miracles.Language points:Important sentencesParaphrase:Although an infected person has a very high ch
35、ance of dying,we will never stop trying to save a patient,and sometimes we do manage to save people whom we thought would certainly die from Ebola.Language points:Important sentences例如：The death toll continues to rise from the earthquake.地震造成的死亡人数在继续攀升。此句中此句中 the death rate 意为意为“死亡率死亡率”，通常用，通常用 high
36、 和和 low 表示表示其其高低。死亡人数可用高低。死亡人数可用 death toll 表达。表达。4.But,although the death rate is very high,we will never give up on a patient,and our efforts do sometimes end in miracles.Language points:Important sentences例如：He urged them not to give up on peace efforts.他力劝他们不要对和平努力绝望。give up on 表示表示“对对表示绝望表示绝望”。
37、4.But,although the death rate is very high,we will never give up on a patient,and our efforts do sometimes end in miracles.Language points:Important sentences例如：He does speak well.他的确讲得很精彩。our efforts do sometimes end in miracles 中中 do 表示表示强调强调，强调谓语动词强调谓语动词 end，意为意为“确实，的确确实，的确”。注意：根据人称和时态，注意：根据人称和时态
38、，do 可变形为：可变形为：does,did。表强调的表强调的 do/does/did 后的动词一定用原形。后的动词一定用原形。4.But,although the death rate is very high,we will never give up on a patient,and our efforts do sometimes end in miracles.Language points:Important sentences例如：Confidence and a positive attitude can work wonders.自信和积极的态度能创造奇迹。end in mi
39、racles 意为意为“以奇迹告终，创造奇迹以奇迹告终，创造奇迹”，常用，常用的类似表达还有：的类似表达还有：work wonders,do wonders,createmiracles。4.But,although the death rate is very high,we will never give up on a patient,and our efforts do sometimes end in miracles.5.This small but unexpected success compensated for many other less fortunate cases
40、.Language points:Important sentencesParaphrase:The recovery of the two boys was a small success,but as it was unexpected,it had a great impact upon our morale and gave us hope despite there were many other unfortunate cases.5.This small but unexpected success compensated for many other less fortunat
41、e cases.Language points:Important sentencescompensate for 意为意为“补偿（损失）；弥补（过失）补偿（损失）；弥补（过失）”。例如：Their sense of humour can compensate for their lack of experience.他们的幽默感能弥补他们经验的不足。compensate sb for sth 意为意为“用某物补偿某人（的损用某物补偿某人（的损失）失）”。例如：The money is intended to compensate victims for their losses.这笔钱是用来补偿受害者的损失的。VIHomeworkHomework1.Summarise what youve learnt today.2.Search the Internet to get to know what an NGO is.
