1、Unit 5 Working the LandLearning About Language主语从句主语从句名词性从句名词性从句主语从句：在复合句中充当主语成分的句子主语从句：在复合句中充当主语成分的句子That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.他在很短的时间内写完作文让我们都很惊讶。（主语从句位于主句谓语动词之前）同位语从句：在复合句中充当同位语成分的句子，对前面的抽象名词进行解释说同位语从句：在复合句中充当同位语成分的句子，对前面的抽象名词进行解释说明明宾语从句：在复合句中担
2、任宾语成分的句子叫宾语从句宾语从句：在复合句中担任宾语成分的句子叫宾语从句表语从句：在复合句中，担任表语成分的句子表语从句：在复合句中，担任表语成分的句子The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.问题是，他什么时候可以到达酒店。（表语从句位于主句的be动词之后）The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，这让女孩们感到吃惊。He told that he would go to the colle
3、ge the next year.他说他下一年上大学。（位于主句谓语动词动词、介词等词性后面）Discovering Useful Structures：Subject ClausesDiscovering Useful Structures：Subject Clauses一、主语从句的基本用法一、主语从句的基本用法1主语从句的引导词主语从句的引导词【观察例句】在主语从句部分下面划横线在主语从句部分下面划横线That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time.你要来伦敦，这是这么长时间以来我听到的
4、最好的消息。Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen.它是否对我们有害还要看一看。What I have seen today has made a very deep impression on me.今天我的所见所闻给我留下了非常深刻的印象。Whoever breaks this law deserves a fine.触犯本法者应予以罚款。Whichever(of you)comes in first will receive a prize.(你们中)谁先进来谁得奖。类别类别例词例词说明说明从属连词that,whether两者在从句中均
5、不作成分，只起连接作用；that无实义，whether表示“是否”。连接代词who,what,which,whoever,whatever在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。连接副词when,where,how,why在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分。Discovering Useful Structures：Subject Clauses【练习1】用whether,that,whoever填空 _ she became an artist may have been due to her fathers influence._ we will hold a party in t
6、he open air tomorrow depends on the weather.Every year,_ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.ThatWhetherwhoever主语从句中连接词的选择技巧(1)根据连接词在从句中所作的语法成分。(2)根据连接词在从句中的意义。Discovering Useful Structures：Subject Clauses句型句型说明说明It系动词形容词主语从句常用于此句型的形容词有important,(un)likely，possible,ne
7、cessary,natural,wrong等。It系动词名词主语从句常用于此句型的名词有fact，idea，honour，question，pity等。It系动词过去分词主语从句常用于此句型的过去分词，有known，proved，said，decided，suggested，thought等。It不及物动词主语从句常用于此句型的动词有appear，happen，seem，occur，matter等。2it作形式主语作形式主语为保持句子平衡，常把主语从句后置，而用形式主语it代替。it作形式主语时常用于以下句型(见左表)【例句】Its possible that he has been to B
8、eijing.他有可能去过北京。Its a pity that you didnt attend the meeting.你没参加这次会议太可惜了。It seems that it is going to rain.看起来好像要下雨。It is important that he should know about this.他应该知道此事是重要的。It is suggested that the meeting be put off.有人建议会议延期召开。Discovering Useful Structures：Subject Clauses【练习2】完成句子很可惜你不能来参加我的生日聚会
9、。_ that you cant attend my birthday party.有人建议这位老人到乡村休息一下。_ that the old man should go to the countryside to have a rest.在我看来你好像不赞成这个计划。_ that you disagree with the plan.It seems to meIts a pityIts suggested【点津】(1)在“Itbe过去分词主语从句”结构中，过去分词若为 suggested/ordered/required/advised 等，主语从句中的谓语用(should)do。(2)
10、在“Itbe形容词主语从句”结构中，若形容词important/necessary/strange等，主语从句中的谓语用(should)do。Discovering Useful Structures：Subject Clauses二、主语从句中应注意的问题二、主语从句中应注意的问题1从句要用陈述语序从句要用陈述语序How he succeeded is still a puzzle.他是如何成功的仍然是个谜。2主谓一致主谓一致(1)从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。Where he will get a job after graduation has puzzled him much
11、.毕业后到哪儿找一份工作使他很困惑。(2)如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet.他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。When and where they will hold the meeting is not clear.他们何时何地召开会议还不清楚。【点津】what引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。What the school n
12、eeds most are books.这所学校最需要的是书。【练习3】单句语法填空 When we will set off _(be)still under discussion.When and where the meeting will be held _(have)not been decided.ishas1.What Yuan Longping really cared about was not money or celebrity.2.That Yuan Longping had realised his dream of seawater rice surprised t
13、he whole world.3.It surprised the whole world that Yuan Longping had realised his dream of developing seawater rice.Discovering Useful Structures：Subject Clauses1 Look at the complex sentences below and state the functions of noun clauses,italicised.Then find similar complex sentences from the text.
14、SubjectSubjectSubject what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matt
15、er of great debate.it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuans hybrid strains.What impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams.Discovering Useful Structures：Subject Clauses1 Look at
16、the complex sentences below and state the functions of noun clauses,italicised.Then find similar complex sentences from the text.1._ remains an unanswered question.2._ is an important topic for us to research.3._ is that these chemicals may even cause cancer.4._ these vegetables can even be planted
17、without any soil through this new technology.5._ is the reason why some people prefer to live in the country rather than in the city.2 Match the sentence parts,and then translate the completed sentences into Chinese.Pay attention to how the subjects are introduced differently.A.What worries many peo
18、pleB.That the lifestyle is slower and healthierC.How we can find a suitable solution to produce sufficient food while keeping the environment safeD.When these wheat farmers will join this pilot experimentE.It amazed all of us thatEABCD1 这些小麦农户什么时候会加入预试验仍然不得而知。2 如何能够找到一个合适的解决办法，在保证环境安全的同时，生产足够的粮食，是一个
19、需要我们研究的重要课题。3 令很多人担心的是，这些化学制品甚至可能导致癌症。4 令我们所有人惊讶的是，通过这种新技术，可以无土栽培这些蔬菜。5 有些人更喜欢住在乡下而非城市的原因是前者生活节奏更慢、生活方式更健康。Grandma has been complaining about the vegetables sold in the supermarket which have been growing using chemical fertilisers.To her,that they look beautiful on the outside is obvious.However,wh
20、at she is unhappy about is the lower nutritional value and reduced flavor.Now that both of my grandparents have retired from their jobs in the city,how they are going to spend their retirement is an important decision for them.Whether they can live a healthy life is the first thing they are consider
21、ing.So they have made up their minds to move to the countryside where they can live a green life.3 Read the passage and underline all the subject clauses than empires discuss whether the sentences with the subject clauses can be PARAPHRASED.【课堂作业】【课堂作业】.单句语法填空单句语法填空1It is often the case _ anything i
22、s possible for those who hang on to hope.2Your support is important to our work._ you can do helps.3_ Li Bai,a great Chinese poet,was born is known to the public,but some wont accept it.4_ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.5Exactly _ the potato was introduced into Europe is unce
23、rtain,but it was probably around 1565.6_ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.7I think _ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.that Whatever WhereHowwhenWhenwhat【课堂作业】【课堂作业】.完成句子完成句子1按照命令，操场建设要在下周完成。It is ordered that the construction of the sports ground 2她正
24、买的是一些杂志。are some magazines.3很明显刚刚有人来拜访过他。It is clear 4这个地区的争执(dispute)何时结束让很多人困惑。puzzles many people.5她没有出席婚礼宴会的原因是她头痛。is that she had a headache.that somebody came to visit him just nowshould be completed next weekWhat she is buying nowWhy she didnt attend the wedding partyWhen the dispute in this area will stopThank you!
