1、1上上海海中中学学 2 20 02 21 1 学学年年度度第第二二学学期期期期末末阶阶段段练练习习英英语语试试题题高高一一_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _班班学学号号_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _姓姓名名_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _成成绩绩_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of eachconversati
2、on, a questions will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answerson your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. He knows wh
3、o is knocking.B. He is eager to know who it is.C. He doesnt want to open the door.D. He is ready to open the door.2.A. By plane.B. By bus.C. By taxi.D. By train.3.A. $100.B. $200.C. $300.D. $400.4.A. She went to the cinema.B. She went to an exhibition.C. She stayed at home.D. She stayed with her cla
4、ssmates.5.A. In a doctors office.B. In a professors office.C. In an operating room.D. In an emergency ward.6.A. The man paid the tuition for learning physics.B. The man got a lot of money for his hard work.C. His hard work was not rewarding at all.D. His work before the test led to a good result.7.A
5、. A furnished house.B. A recent book. C. A further study.D. A new record.8.A. They will go swimming.B. They will climb mountains.C. They will buy some clothes.D. They will forecast the weather conditions.9.A. He has another lecture to attend.B. He has no interest in the lecture.C. Hes attended the s
6、ame lecture given by Professor Wilson before.D. He might have missed the lecture, if the woman didnt remind him.10. A. She fully agrees with the man.B. They are uncertain about the weather.C. She disagrees with the man.D. She thought the man was always late.Section BDirections: In Section B, you wil
7、l hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will beasked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversationwill be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the fourpossible answers on your
8、 paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you haveheard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. People are encouraged to be a craftsman.B. Learning woodworking is not as hard as you think.C. Learning woodworking will help you know more people.D. T
9、aking a class in woodworking will be very helpful.12. A. Because I am a talent in this art and want to share it with others.2B. Because I am interested in it and want to show it to others.C. Because I wonder how to pick materials and how to do it well.D. Because its a good way to know more people in
10、terested in it.13. A. You can expect to do woodworking perfectly the very first time.B. Doing woodworking means being alone for long.C. You can also learn from other people interested in woodworking.D. Taking a class in woodworking costs a lot of money.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the follow
11、ing passage.14. A. To analyze causes and effects of using a credit card.B. To encourage people to borrow money from banks.C. To let people know the responsibility in using a credit card.D. To present the effect of computers in popularizing the use of credit cards.15. A. The development of computers.
12、B. Peoples greediness for more money.C. Peoples needs for less paper money.D. Peoples learning to be more responsible.16. A. To learn to be responsible by using credit cards.B. To stop using credit cards and borrow money from friends or relatives.C. To pay money back as fast as possible after using
13、credit cards.D. To stop borrowing money and use your own funds for shopping.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. A newspaper.B. An advertising agency.C. A cleanup company.D. A market.18. A. She wants to spare more room for something new.B. She wants to turn their ol
14、d stuff into cash at a low cost.C. She knows that the sales consultant before the man does.D. She just wants to clean up their house.19. A. Rudy is likely to buy their stuff.B. Rudy will come and take their stuff away.C. Rudy plays guitar as well as the man.D. Rudy will help them with the ad and the
15、 sale.20. A. His old guitar.B. Their appliances, jewelry, furniture and exercise equipment.C. The spring cleanup sale.D. The low cost of ads and friendly service.II. Grammar and VocabularySection AMultiple ChoiceDirection: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C
16、 and D. Choosethe other answer that best completes the sentence.21. Most existing vaccines are temperature-sensitive, and must be passed quickly from one refrigerator toanother on their way to the clinics _ they will be used.A. whereB. thatC. whyD. when22. There is a new problem involved in the popu
17、larity of private cars _ road conditions require_.A. where; improvingB. which; to improve3C. that; to be improvedD. when; to be improved23. In Britain 18-to-24-year-olds are spending _ time on Facebook and Instagram, its sister app,as they were four years ago.A. much moreB. as half muchC. more muchD
18、. half as much24. Perhaps a settler would demand an Indian _ off the settlers land.A. stayingB. to stayC. stayedD. stay25. For the world to meet the goals of the Paris agreement, _ the average global temperature riseto 1.5C above pre-industrial levels will take immediate action from every country.A.
19、 to limitB. being limitedC. limitedD. having limited26. The most exciting thing for him was _ he finally succeeded in _ seemed to be themost difficult exam to him.A. that; whatB. that; whichC. what; thatD. what; which27. We choose that hotel because the price for a night here is down to $15, half of
20、 _ it used tocharge.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. how28. _ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.A. Being foundedB. It was foundedC. FoundedD. Having founded29. _ was beyond their expectation was that finally they reached a place _ soldcigarettes and other small art
21、icles.A. It; whereB. What; whichC. As; whereD. What; where30. We can learn from the educational program how to make positive choices when _ withpersonal conflicts.A. we faceB. facingC. facedD. being faced31. It is no use _ the politician or businessman, who has been working or worrying about serious
22、things for six days, _ about other things at the weekend.A. to invite; to worryB. inviting; worryingC. inviting; to worryD. to invite; worrying32.“How long do you suppose it is _ he left for Japan?”“No more than half a month.”A. whenB. beforeC. afterD. since33. _ it may be possible to measure the va
23、lue of material good in terms of money, it is extremelydifficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us.A. BecauseB. ThoughC. GivenD. When34. Anyone _ bags, boxes, or whatever, was stopped by the police.A. seen carryB. seen carryingC. saw to carryD. saw carrying35. We
24、 need a society _ around the belief that we can all learn and grow throughout our lives,that none of us has perfect knowledge, and that a good deal of learning is always yet _ .A. building; to comeB. built; to comeC. to be built; comingD. being built; coming36. He is _ with first degree murder in de
25、aths of 10 pedestrians.A. accusedB. occupiedC. irritatedD. charged37. Those who _ false news should be blamed.A. circulateB. stageC. stressD. extend38. Her joy was so _ that he forgot his own fears for the future.A. beneficialB. honorableC. symbolicD. infectious39. The agreement is designed to _ dif
26、ficulties in trade between the two countries.A. remindB. removeC. displayD. respond440. The first half of the story has no connection with the second half. His narration simply doesnt_.A. make upB. give upC. add upD. take upSection BFill in the blanksDirections: After reading the passage below, fill
27、 in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct.Kazuo Ishiguro wins Nobel Prize in literatureKazuo Ishiguro has won the Nobel Prize in literature, the Swedish Academy announced on October 5,2017. Awarded _41_ 1901, the Nobel Prize in literature has become the highest honor of li
28、terature._42_ _42_ the terms set down by founder Alfred Nobel, the prize recognizes a writer who hasproduced in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction.The British novelist, born in Japan, is best known for his novel The Remains of the Day (1989).Permanent secretary o
29、f the academy Sara Danius said immediately after the announcement, Hesdeveloped an aesthetic universe all his own. He is exploring what you have to forget _43_ (survive) inthe first place as an individual or as a society.Ishiguros win marks the Nobels return to a _44_ (traditional) literary author.
30、Last year, the prizewas awarded to American musician Bob Dylan, _45_ surprising decision that sparked criticism fromsome quarters. In 2015, the Belarusian investigative journalist Svetlana Alexievich won the prize. Ishiguro,on the other hand, is a much _46_ (admire) fiction writer who sits comfortab
31、ly alongside suchprevious winners as Toni Morrison and Alice Munro.His work is marked by a sense of painful loneliness. Joyce Carol Oates has called Ishiguro one of ourmost eloquent poets of loss. _47_ (review) his most recent novel, The Buried Giant, formerWashington Post Book World editor Marie Ar
32、ana wrote, His sensibility is neither Japanese nor English; itstands apart from any one culture. If these books have _48_ in common, it is that an unspoken secret isentombed（埋葬）at each core an elusive（难以捉摸的） truth that is inferred, but that no one quiteunderstands or can fully articulate.Ishiguro _4
33、9_ (remain) very much a citizen of the world, conscious of the way people sufferalienation （疏远） everywhere. I love living in London, he recently told the Guardian, but _50_ I hadto write a London novel, Id portray the capital as a vampire sucking the blood out of the rest of thecountry. Im amazed pe
34、ople in Britain accept so quietly this lack of regional balance.Section CVocabularyDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be usedonce. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. fatigueB. qualifiedC. challengeD. routineE. persistentF. mean
35、tG. necessarilyH. fueledI. sufferJ. recognizeK ideallyFor the entirety of our life we have been coping with anxiety. But having some anxiety,especially ina stressful situation, isnt _51_ bad and can actually be beneficial, experts say. The right amount ofanxiety can improve performance.Anxiety is an
36、 uncomfortable emotion, often _52_ by uncertainty. It can create intense, excessiveand _53_ worry and fear, not just about stressful events but also about everyday situations. There areusually physical symptoms too, like fast heart rate, muscle tension, rapid breathing, sweating and_54_.5Too much an
37、xiety can be debilitating（使体弱力衰）. But a normal amount is _55_ to help keepus safe, experts say. The emotion of anxiety and the underlying physiological stress response evolved toprotect us, Wendy Suzuki, a neuroscientist and the author of Good Anxiety, said, Managing stress maybe more useful than ge
38、tting rid of it. According to the Yerkes-Dodson Law, a theory that originated in theearly 20th century from experiments on mice, increasing amounts of cognitive arousal, or stress, canimprove performance but only up to a certain point. The theory, represented by a curve shaped like amountain, shows
39、that after it peaks, greater levels of stress cause performance to _56_.When anxiety is turned up too high, Dr. Suzuki added, it tends to become less useful. The first step incontrolling anxiety that holds you back is to _57_ when youre feeling overly anxious and try to dial itdown.A certain degree
40、of anxiety can help people prepare for a potential _58_, remain cautious and stayorganized. But if anxiety is making you uncomfortable more often than not or interfering with _59_functioning and preventing you from living the life you want to live, that signals the need for additionalsupport, _60_ f
41、rom a mental health professional.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases markedA, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Small Data Are Also Crucial for Machine LearningMany
42、 people relate artificial intelligence” with “big data. Theres a reason for that: some of the mostprominent AI breakthroughs in the past decade have relied on enormous data sets. Image _61_ madegreat progress in the 2010s thanks to the development of ImageNet, a data set containing millions ofimages
43、 hand sorted into thousands of categories. More recently, GPT-3, a language model, was trained on_62_ online texts to produce humanlike text in Jan, 2021. So it is not surprising to see AI being tightlyconnected with big data in the _63_ imagination. But AI is not only about large data sets, andrese
44、arch in small data approaches has grown extensively over the past decade. The so-called transferlearning serves as an especially _64_ example.Also known as fine-tuning, transfer learning is helpful in settings where you have _65_ data onthe task of interest but abundant data on a related problem. Yo
45、u need to first train a model using a big dataset and then retrain slightly using a smaller one related to your _66_ problem. A research teamworking on German-language speech recognition, _67_ , showed that they could improve their resultsby starting with an English-language speech model trained on
46、a larger data set. Then, they used transferlearning to _68_ that model for a smaller data set of German-language audio.Small data approaches such as transfer learning are more _69_ than more data-intensive methods.They can promote progress in areas where little or no data exist, such as in forecasti
47、ng natural hazards thatoccur relatively _70_ . In this context, small data approaches will become increasingly important asmore organizations look to diversify AI application areas and invest in previously _71_ fields.Despite the progress in research, transfer learning has received relatively little
48、 _72_ . While manymachine learning experts are likely familiar with it at this point, the existence of techniques such as transferlearning does not seem to have reached the awareness of the broader space of policymakers in positions ofmaking important decisions about AI funding and _73_.As long as t
49、he success of small data technique like transfer learning is _74_ , resources can beallocated to support their widespread use. In that case, we can help correct the popular _75_ regarding6the role of data in AI and foster innovation in new directions.Section BPassages(A)For nearly three decades, we
50、have waited anxiously for an effective drug that could defeatAlzheimers disease. We believed we had identified the root cause behind this debilitating condition: stickyclumps of the protein beta-amyloid（淀粉样蛋白）in the brain. Even as drug after drug homing in on thistarget failed to make a difference t
