1、1. foundation 1. C & U 基础；基本原则；根据基础；基本原则；根据eg. “Lianda laid the foundation for every achievement I have made,” Yang Zhenning recalled.2. C & U 基础；基本原则；根据基础；基本原则；根据 3. U 创建；创办创建；创办 (establishment)： the foundation of the first university 4. C常用复数地基；房基：常用复数地基；房基：How long will it take to finish digging
2、the foundations?5. C 基金会：基金会：Childrens Foundation of China根据句意根据句意写写出出foundation的汉语释义。的汉语释义。1. She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse.（2016 江苏）_ 2. Starting learning English from childhood will help students lay a solid foundation fo
3、r their future English learning. _ 3. Jackscrews（螺旋千斤顶）are used to separate the large, heavy structures from their foundations.（2015 湖南改） _ 4. Since the foundation of New China, the development of the Chinese nation has entered a new era. _ foundation地基地基成立成立基金会基金会基础基础知识拓展知识拓展 lay the foundation for
4、.给给打下基础；为打下基础；为奠定基础奠定基础eg. Your breakfast choices lay the foundation for your entire day and your longterm health. without foundation 无根据的无根据的eg. The universities concern is not without foundation. found vt. 创办；成立；建立创办；成立；建立小片段填空小片段填空At the foundation of well founded belief lies belief that is not f
5、ounded.(found) 【联想联想】found v. 建立建立；创立；创立；创办；为创办；为（房屋等）打基础（房屋等）打基础；注意：注意： find 的过去式和过去分词是的过去式和过去分词是found；found的的过去式和过去分词是过去式和过去分词是foundedeg. They invested a lot of money to found a research institute.The house is founded on rock.founder n. 创办人；创立者创办人；创立者【语境应用语境应用】 用用 found的适当形式完成下列句子。的适当形式完成下列句子。1) T
6、he earthquake shook the _ of the house.2) He was one of the _ of the company.3) The rich man _ a hospital and a school in the town.foundation founders foundedtion (also ion, ation, ition, sion) suffix in nouns (名词后缀名词后缀)：the action or state of 行为；行为；状态状态eg. impressimpression reflectreflection divide
7、division persuadepersuasionhesitatehesitation exploreexplorationcompetecompetition definedefinition【拓展拓展】2. political adj.政治的政治的 【联想联想】politics n. 政治，政治事务政治，政治事务(活动活动)politician n. 政治家，从政者政治家，从政者politicise vt. 使使政治化，使具有政治化，使具有政治性政治性eg. The students in this university are very political. What I want
8、to talk about now is political questions. This whole issue has become highly political. The Olympic Games should not be politicised. He retired from politics in 2016.知识拓展知识拓展 for political reasons由于政治原因由于政治原因eg. But this looks unlikely to happen soon，for political reasons. political science 政治学政治学eg
9、. I graduated first in my class in political science. politics n. 政治；政治活动政治；政治活动3. located adj. 位于；坐落于位于；坐落于be located in/at/to 位于位于eg. Located near the railway station, the company is easy to find. The country is located in the northern part of Europe. Our office is located in the city centre. 4. j
10、oint n.公共场所；关节公共场所；关节 adj. 联合的；共同的联合的；共同的 a hamburger joint 汉堡包汉堡包店店 the knee joint 膝关节膝关节eg. Thanks to their joint effort, the iconic building was notpuled down. She and Frank had never got around to opening a jointaccount. Are you sure this joint is completely tight? This painting is their joint w
11、ork. 知识拓展知识拓展 out of joint (关节关节)脱位；脱臼；杂乱无章；混乱；迷惑脱位；脱臼；杂乱无章；混乱；迷惑I had a bad fall，which put my shoulder out of joint. a joint declaration/statement联合声明联合声明 a joint effort 共同的努力共同的努力eg. Let us make a joint effort for the noble cause of advancing peace and human progress! join vt.& vi. 连接；联结；加入连接；联结；加
12、入join sb.in (doing) sth. 加入某人做某事；和某人一起做某事加入某人做某事；和某人一起做某事eg. The children joined in the English Evening and had a good time.小片段填空小片段填空He will be joined by Fang Fenglei，the chairman of the joint venture，Goldman Sachs Gaohua Securities Co.5. premier adj.最著名的；首要的最著名的；首要的 n.首相；总理首相；总理 The premier occupi
13、es the foremost place in the world of politics. (n.首相；总理首相；总理)Ritz Carlton is one of the worlds premier hotel chains. (adj.最著名的最著名的)The company has achieved a premier position in the electronics field. (adj.第一的；首要的第一的；首要的)6. vibrate v. （使）颤动（使）颤动;（使）震动（使）震动;（使）振动（使）振动 eg. The floor was vibrating to
14、the beat of the music. His voice vibrated with passion. vibration n. 颤动颤动; 振颤振颤; 震动震动知识拓展知识拓展 take the premier place占第一位，占首席占第一位，占首席eg. Safty takes the premier place during the manufacturing. Chinese premier 中国总理中国总理 be of premier importance to.对对非常重要非常重要eg. His work on the causes of diseases is of
15、premier importance to the whole world.7. straightforward adj.坦率的；简单的坦率的；简单的 eg. I was impressed by his straightforward intelligent manner. Its quite straightforward to get here. She gave me a straightforward answer. Getting funding for the project was far from straightforward. I think youll find it
16、all quite straightforward.知识拓展知识拓展 a straightforward person 坦率的人坦率的人 a straightforward explanation率直的解释率直的解释eg. Would someone be able to give a straightforward explanation? be straightforward with sb. about sth. 关于关于对某人坦率对某人坦率eg. He was quite straightforward with us about the difficulties involved.8
17、. dive 1. 跳水；潜水：跳水；潜水：eg. I took off my Tshirt and dived into the water.2. 冲向；俯冲；扑：冲向；俯冲；扑：It started to rain so we dived into the nearest cafe.The goalkeeper dived for the ball, but missed it. 3. 全身心投入：全身心投入：eg. I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown.4. n C 跳水；潜水；俯冲：跳
18、水；潜水；俯冲：eg. She made a beautiful dive.根据句意，写出下列句子中根据句意，写出下列句子中dive的释义。的释义。1. Off his bike and into the cool water he dived, disappearing below the surface and away from the bees.（2010 江西改）江西改） _2. The main purpose of his holiday to Greece was to go diving. _3. She dived into her bag and brought out
19、a folded piece of paper. _dive跳入跳入潜水潜水将手伸入将手伸入9. freedom C & U 自由；自主；自由权：自由；自主；自由权：freedom of speech / thoughteg. Young people today earn more and have more freedom to live where they want.10. distribute 1. 分配：分配：eg. The money was distributed among schools in the area.2. 分发：分发：eg. Clothes and blanke
20、ts have been distributed among / tothe earthquake victims.3. （商品）分销：（商品）分销：eg. Who distributes our products in the UK?1. U & C 分配；分布；散布：分配；分布；散布：eg. the distribution of wealth population distribution2. U 分发；分送；配送：分发；分送；配送：eg. the distribution of aid supplies 3. U（商品）分销；经销：（商品）分销；经销：eg. marketing, sa
21、les and distribution【拓展拓展】根据句意写出根据句意写出distribution的汉语释义。的汉语释义。1. The volunteer group is in charge of the distribution of aid supplies. _ 2. I need a map showing the population distribution of Canada. _ 3. The company has gradually expanded its distribution network to include Canada and Mexico. _ dis
22、tribution经销经销分发分发分布分布11. make up 组成，编造，组成，编造，和好，和好，化妆化妆【联想联想】make up for 补偿补偿，弥补，弥补make up ones mind 下定决心下定决心make . of . 理解理解，解释，对，解释，对有有某种看法某种看法be made of 以以材料制成材料制成make off 匆忙匆忙离开离开make out 看出看出，辨认出；理解，了解，辨认出；理解，了解12. personally speaking 就本人而言就本人而言【拓展拓展】broadly speaking 泛泛泛泛地说地说exactly speaking 确切确切地说地说frankly speaking 坦白坦白地说地说generally speaking 一般来说一般来说personally speaking 就个人而言就个人而言roughly speaking 粗略粗略地说地说strictly speaking 严格严格地说地说
