1、 Unit 4 Body Language Words and Expressions1. interaction n.交流;相互影响 (pl.) interactions informal interactions among adults 成年人之间非正式交流 interaction with sb./sth. 与相互交流/影响 interact v. 互动,交流,交往,相互作用,相互影响 interact with sb./sth. 与相互交流/影响2. vary vi.(根据情况)变化;改变vary from.to.从到变化vary with.随而变化 vary from person
2、 to person因人而异vary in. 在方面不同vary in the opinions意见不一 vary in price价格差异variety n. 多样化;品种,种类 a variety of.= varities of.各种各样的various adj.各种各样的various与diverse意义相近,variety与diversity意义相近。13. appropriate adj. 合适的;恰当的 appropriately adv. inappropriate adj. 不合适的，不恰当的不合适的，不恰当的 be appropriate to/ for sb/sth 适合
3、某人/某物 be appropriate to do sth 做某事是合适的 It is appropriate(that)是合适的4. by contrast 相比之下= in contrast in contrast with/to. 与成反比 by contrast with. 和对照/比较起来5. approve vi.赞成;同意vt.批准;通过approval n.赞成;同意 approving adj.赞成的disapproval n.不赞成;谴责 disapproving adj.不赞成的disapprove vi.不赞成不赞成,不同意不同意 vt. 不批准不批准,不通过不通过a
4、pprove sth 批准某事 approve of sth赞成某事approve of sb doing sth赞成某人做某事with ones approval/meet with ones approval经某人同意21. We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our _(interact) _other people.2. Just like _(speak) language,body language _(variety) _ culture to culture.3.
5、 The crucial thing is using body language in a way _is appropriate _the culture you are in.4. In other countries, _ contrast,eye contact is not always _(approve) _.5. The book was written in a style appropriate _ children.6. I would appreciate _ if my application could get your _(approve) .1interact
6、ionswith spokenvariesfromthat to byapprovedoftoitapproval6. demonstrate vt. 表现;表达;说明;证明demonstrate sth.表现表现；表达；表达demonstrate sth.to sb.向某人证明向某人证明；向某人表达；向某人表达demonstrate sth.to be.证明某事证明某事demonstrate that.证明证明It has been demonstrated that .已经证明已经证明demonstrate against.示威反对示威反对demonstration n. 证明证明;示范示
7、范; 集会示威；演示集会示威；演示7. gesture n. 手势;姿势;姿态 v. 打手势 (pl.) gesturesmake a gesture/sign at sb 对某人做个手势gesture for sb to do (sign to sb to do) communicate by gesture 8. witness vt.当场看到;目击;见证 n.目击者;证人witness sb. do sth./ doing sth. 看到某人做了/正做某事witness sth / that.目击witness to ( doing) sth 证实/证明(做)某事a witness of
8、/ to sth的目击者/见证人/证明/证据349. employ vt. 使用;应用;雇用employ sb as.雇用某人任用某人任(职位职位)employ sb to do sth 雇用某人做某事用某人做某事employ oneself in (doing) sth=be employed in (doing) sth忙于做忙于做.employ sb 雇用某人用某人 employ sth 使用某物employee n.雇员 employer n.雇主employment n.使用;职业;雇用unemployment n.失业 unemployment rate失业率10. identic
9、al adj. 相同的be identical to/with sb/sth 完全同样的；相同的the identical (只用于名词前): the same 同一的identically adv. 相同地相同地1. In Japan, it may demonstrate _(respect) _ (look) down when (people are) talking to an older person.2. In Japan,someone who witnesses another person_ (employ) the _(gesture) might think it me
10、ans money.3. They are the witnesses _an accident. 4. Her dress is almost identical _ mine.5. This is _ identical room we stayed in last year.6. These results demonstrate _(convince) _ our campaign is working. 7.People are considered _ (employ) if theyve had an hour or more in gainful _(employ) in th
11、e most recent week. 8. An _ (employ) should assess the ability of his _(employ) .2respect to look employinggestureof/to totheconvincingly thatemployedemploymentemployeremployees11. interpret vt.把理解(解释)为 vi.vt.口译interpret .as. 把理解(解释)为 interpret sth.for sb. 为某人口头翻译interpret .into. 把解释成interpretation
12、n. 理解；解释；演绎；演奏方式；表演方式interpreter n. 口译工作者；口译译员12. differ vi.相异;不同于differ from . = be different from. 和不同differ in. = be different in. 在方面不同differ with sb on/ about/ over sth在某事上和某人有分歧/异议 make a difference to.对有影响/起作用different adj. 不同的 differently adv. 不同地 difference n. 13. by comparison (与)相比较 in co
13、mparison with. 与与.比较比较 compared to/with 和和比比5614. cheek n.面颊;脸颊 (pl.) cheeks15. favour vt. 较喜欢;选择;有利于 n. 帮助;恩惠;赞同favour doing sth 喜欢做某事ask sb a favour = ask a favor of sb 请某人帮忙do sb a favour = do a favour for sb 帮某人忙in favour of.同意.;支持.;赞成.in one s favour 有利于某人;对有利favourable adj. 赞同的，有利的favoured adj
14、. 受到宠爱的，得到偏爱的favourite adj.特别喜欢的n. 特别喜欢的人/事物16. bow vi. 鞠躬;点头 v. 低(头) n. 弓;蝴蝶结bow to/before sb.向某人鞠躬bow low (to/before sb.) (向某人)深深地鞠一躬bow down (to/before sb.) (向某人)鞠躬1. Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” _ (different) around the world. 2. _ comparison, in Bulgaria and Southern Albania, the
15、 gestures have the opposite meaning. 3. Hes a well-behaved child _ comparison _ his brother. 4. Elsewhere,people favour _(shake) hands, _(bow) from the waist,or _(nod) the head when they meet someone else. 5. In countries _ France and Russia, people may kiss their friends _ the _(cheek) when they me
16、et.6. The data can _ (interpret) in many different ways. 7. She couldnt speak much English so her children had to interpret _ her.8. _contrast _ last years profits, the company is not doing very well.3differByinwithshakingbowingnoddinglikeoncheekbe interpretedforIn with17. waist n.腰;腰部 (pl.) waistsb
17、ow from the waist弯腰鞠躬18. make inferences 推理;推断infer v. 推断; 推论; 推理; 暗示inference n. 结论; 推断; 推理; 推论make sense 讲得通; 有意义make no sense 讲不通; 无意义19. break down(.) 消除.;分解.;打破.;(机器机器)出故障；崩溃出故障；崩溃break down barriers 消除障碍 Her health broke down.20. barrier n.隔阅;障碍 (pl.) barriers21.fake adj.假装的;假的;冒充的 v. 伪造; 假装 n
18、.假货; 冒充者22.anger n.愤怒;怒气 vt. 使生气;激怒angry adj. 愤怒的，生气的愤怒的，生气的 angrily adv.to ones anger 使某人气愤的是使某人气愤的是 be angry with/at sb.生某人的气生某人的气be angry about/over sth. 因因而生气而生气7823.reliable adj. 可靠的;可信赖的 unreliable adj. 不可靠的不可靠的 rely vi. 信赖，可靠信赖，可靠 rely on = depend on 依赖，依靠，指望依赖，依靠，指望 rely on sb. to do sth. 依靠
19、某人做某事依靠某人做某事 rely on sb/sbs doing sth. 依靠某人做某事依靠某人做某事 rely on it that从句从句 相信相信/指望指望24. incident n. 发生的事情;严重事件;冲突 (pl.) incidentsaccident n. (意外)事故; 意外的事event n. 事情; 重要事情; 大事; 比赛项目 (尤指重要的事件或大事，也可指有意思或不寻常的事件)25. trial n.v.审讯;审判;试验;试用 at the trial 在审讯时 be on trial在受审；在试验中stand trial for.因而受审 make a tri
20、al 进行试验1. A smile can break _ _(barrier) . 2. People have _ _(tend) _(learn) towards whatever they are interested in. 3. Which is a _(rely) guide for understanding someones feelings, their body language or the words they speak?4. _ from _(fake) smiles, is there any other kind of body language that c
21、an sometimes be _ (fake) ?5. Jeremy witnessed the whole incident and _ (expect) to be the key witness _the trial. 6. Hes standing trial _ thieving.4downbarriersatendency to learnmore reliable Apartfakefakewas expected at for26. slight adj. 轻微的;略微的;细小的 n. 冷落; v.轻视27. slightly adv. 略微;稍微28. twin adj.双
22、胞胎/孪生之一的 n.双胞胎之一 (pl.) twinsa twin brother/sister 孪生兄弟/姐妹中的一个29. nonverbal adj. 不涉及言语的;非言语的nonverbally adv.verbal adj. 词语的; 言语的; 口头的; 动词的;30. assessment n.评价;评定make an assessment of. 评估./评价.31. assess vt.评估;评价assess sth.at钱 估算/评估某物为多少钱assess sth./sb.(as sth./sb.)评定/评价(为)assess从句评定/评估assessor n评审员/估价
23、员 reassess vt. 重新评价，重新考虑重新评价，重新考虑932. internal adj. 内部的;里面的 internally adv. 内地内地; 内心地内心地; 国内地国内地; 本质地本质地; external adj.外部的，外面的外部的，外面的 externally adv. provide external clues 提供外部线索提供外部线索 internal thoughts and feelings内在思想和情感内在思想和情感33. straighten up(.)直起来;整理;收拾整齐straighten yourself up 打扮一下 straighten
24、(oneself) up挺直腰板34. slump vi. 垂头弯腰地走(或坐等) n.（物价等的）暴跌; 萎靡 slump down in the chair 跌坐到椅子上35. pose n. 故作姿态;(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi.摆好姿势 vt. 造成(威胁、问题等)pose a threat/challenge/danger/risk 构成威胁/挑战/危险/风险 pose as sb.冒充某人 pose (for sb./sth.) (为画像、摄影)摆好姿势 strike a pose/an attitude 摆出某种姿态 101. The patient is _(slight
25、) better today. 2. When he noticed a _(slight) frown on his twin sisters face, he frowned _ well.3. When we think about _ (verbal) behaviour, or body language, we think about _ (communicate) .4. After the flood, they assessed the _(lose) _ 10 million yuan.5. We make _(assess) and _(infer) from body
26、language. 6. So body language provides _ (externally) clues that are influenced by _(internally) thoughts and feelings. 7. Scientists have found that when we feel proud and powerful, we usually _(straight) _ _ (make) ourselves bigger. 8. _ contrast, when we feel powerless, we tend _(slump), _(make)
27、ourselves smaller. 9. He entered the building _(pose) _ workman.5slightlyslightasnonverbalcommunicationlossatassessmentsinferencesexternalinternalstraighten upto makeByto slumpmakingposingas36. bend vt.v.(bent, bent)(使)弯曲;倾斜;偏向 n.拐弯处; 弯曲bend forward to pick up the newspaper弯腰捡报纸37. reveal vt.揭示;显示;露
28、出reveal sth.to sb.把某事透漏给某人reveal that. 显示38. clarify vt. 使更清晰易懂;阐明;澄清clarify ones position/stand阐明某人的立场clarify matters 澄清真相 clarification n. 澄清；阐明39. in other words 换句话说;也就是说That is (to say). 也就是说; 即 in a/one word 总之; 简言之have a word with. 和说句话 have words with. 和吵架 keep ones word 遵守诺言 break ones word
29、 不守诺言1140. educator n.教师;教育工作者;教育家 (pl.) educators educate vt. 教育; 培养; 训练 education n. 教育get a (good) education 获得(好的)教育41. tick vt.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号 vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒声 n.钩号tick sb./sth.off 给画上钩；给打对号42.tendency n. 趋势;倾向have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向a tendency to/toward 的趋势tend v. 往往会，趋向，照料tend to do sth. 易
30、于做某事，往往会发生某事tend on sb./sth. 照顾/照料121. By _(bow) , we mean “_(bend) our head or body forward _ a sign of respect or shame”. 2. The actor reveals the situation and messages, and the group _(compare) notes. 3. He laughed, _ (reveal) a line of white teeth.4. Use the table below _(clarification) any mis
31、understandings or different answers. 5. As an _(educate), people often ask me how I know what is going on in the minds of my students.6. _(tick) all the questions _，please.7. She _(educate) at schools in Ireland and Paris in 1990. 6bowingcomparesbendingasrevealingto clarifyeducatorTickoffwas educate
32、d43. lower vt. 把放低;降低;减少 adj. 下面的;下方的;较小的 lower ones voice 压低声音44. imply vt. 意味着;暗示 ( implied-implied-implies-implying) imply sth/ that从句从句 意味着.;暗示. implication n.暗示，言外之意暗示，言外之意 by implication 言外之意言外之意45. barely adv. 几乎不;勉强才能;刚刚hardly/scarcely/barely .when. 一.就.(前句过去完成时，后句一般过去时)= no sooner . than .b
33、are adj. 赤裸的,刚刚够的,勉强的 vt. 使暴露,漏出46. chin n. 下巴 (pl.) chins1347. occupy vt. 占据;占用occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth. 忙于occupy oneself by doing sth.通过做某事充实自己be occupied with sth./in doing sth.忙于.；全神贯注于.；从事 occupied adj. 已占用的，忙于的occupation n. 工作，职业，占领 be under occupation 在占领下48. stare vi. 盯着看;凝视 n.
34、凝视stare at. 盯着看; 凝视 glare at. 怒视; 瞪眼glance at 看一眼 look at. 看49. ceiling n. 天花板;上限 (pl.) ceilings50. distract vt. 分散(注意力);使分心distract sb./sth. (from sth.)使某人某物从使某人某物从.中分心；使某人中分心；使某人/某物不能专心于某事某物不能专心于某事distracted adj.注意力分散的；思想不集中的注意力分散的；思想不集中的distraction n. 使人分心的事使人分心的事; 娱乐娱乐;消遣消遣141. So if a student h
35、as his head _(low) _ (look) at his watch, it _(imply) he is bored and just _(count) the minutes for the class to end. 2. Their eyes _(bare) move, _ they always have the same distant expression on their faces. 3. _ had I set out when it began to rain. = No sooner had I set out _ it began to rain. 4.
36、With their _ (chin) on their hands, they occupy _ by _ (stare) out of the window or up _ the ceiling. 5. The main thing is reminding _(distract) students that they need to pay attention in class. 6. Lets invite her to the disco she needs _(distract). 7. Youre distracting me _ my work.7loweredto look
37、impliescountingbarelyandHardly/Scarcely/Barelythanchins themselves staringatdistracted distractionfrom1551. perceive vt.察觉;看待;理解perceive sth/that/ sb to do sth 察觉/发现.perceive sb/sth (as sth) 将理解为；将视为；认为52. distinguish vi.vt. 区分;辨别distinguish oneself 使自己扬名distinguish between.and. 区分/辨别和distinguish.fr
38、om. 使有别于distinguish.by. 以为特征distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的；著名的be distinguished for.因而出名be distinguished as.作为而出名distinguishable adj.可区别的53. anxiety n. 焦虑;担心;害怕 with anxiety 焦虑地 anxious adj. 忧虑的忧虑的;担心的担心的 anxiously adv. 1654. chest n. 胸部;胸 (pl.) chests a chest infection 胸部感染55. embarrassed adj. 难堪的;尬的 be
39、embarrassed at/about. 因因.而尴尬而尴尬 embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的，令人难堪的令人尴尬的，令人难堪的 embarrass vt. 使尴尬使尴尬 embarrassment n. 尴尬尴尬56. ashamed adj. 惭愧的; 羞耻的be ashamed of./to do/ that.shame n. 羞愧;耻辱;惭愧;让人遗憾的事 vt.使羞愧/惭愧/使丢脸shameful adj. 可耻的; 丢脸的; 不体面的shameless adj. 无耻的，不知羞耻的57. merely adv.只是;仅仅;只不过 mere adj. 仅仅的，只不过仅
40、仅的，只不过 1. While it is easy _(perceive) when students are interested, _(bore), or _(distract) , it is sometimes much harder _(distinguish)when students _(trouble) . 2. He _ (distinguish) _ his knowledge of linguistics.3. The patient _(perceive) to have difficulty_ breathing last night. 4. Students wh
41、o are angry, afraid, or experiencing _(anxious) may have their arms _ (cross) in front of their _(chest)and their legs closed or crossed, like they are guarding their bodies. 5. Hes a _(merely) child _(compare) to his brother. . 6. They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are _(embarr
42、ass) or _(shame) . 8to perceive boreddistractedto distinguish are troubledis distinguishedwas perceivedinanxietycrossed chests mere comparedembarrassedashamedfor58. call on (短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请call on/upon sb to do 要求/邀请某人做什么59. bother vi.vt.费心;麻烦;因操心;麻烦;不便bother to do sth.费心去做某事bother about sth.为
43、某事烦恼bother sb.with sth.为某事麻烦某人be sorry to bother you, but.很抱歉打扰你一下，但是put sb.to any bother 给某人添乱without any bother 毫不费力地It bothers sb.that/to do sth. 使某人苦恼的是60. weep vi.vt.哭泣;流泪Her eyes were red from weeping. 眼睛由于哭泣而发红.weep for/with sth.因为某事而哭泣weep to do sth.因为做某事而怆然泪下171861. at work有某种影响;在工作62. conf
44、lict n.矛盾;冲突 vi. 冲突;抵触conflict over sth. 在某事上的矛盾/冲突conflict with. 与. 冲突/抵触in conflict (with.)(与)处于矛盾之中come into conflict (with.)(与)发生争执63. inquire vi.vt.(/enquire) 询问;打听inquire sth. of sb. 向某人打听或询问/了解某事 inquire about sb./sth. 询问/打听inquiry n.调查，查究，查问，询问，打听an inquiry into sth. 对某事的调查64. ultimately adv
45、 最终;最后ultimate adj. 目标等目标等 最终的最终的1. Some students act this way _(mere) because they are afraid of _(call) _ by the teacher. 2. However, if a student does not bother _(brush) and her eyes are red _ _(weep), then I can infer that there are deeper issues _ work. 3. It could be that she is having seriou
46、s _(conflict) _ other students or at home. 4. Whatever it is, I know I need _(inquiry) and _(assessment) what is going on. 5. _(ultimate) , my duty is helping every student to learn. merelybeing calledonher hairfrom weepingatconflictswith to inquireassessUltimately965. adjust vt.调整;调节 vi. 适应;(使)习惯ad
47、just sth.to sth.else调整调整以适应以适应adjust to (doing) sth.适应于适应于(其中其中to为介词为介词)adjust oneself to使自己适应于使自己适应于adjustable adj.可调整的，可调节的可调整的，可调节的adjustable seat belts可调节的座椅安全带可调节的座椅安全带adjustment n调整，调节，适应调整，调节，适应make an adjustment做出调整做出调整66. intervene vi. 干预;介入 intervene in sth 干预.；介入. intervention n. 干预，介入干预，
48、介入1967. react vi. (对)起反应;回应;(对食物等)有不良反应react to. 对做出反应，回应react with sth. 与起化学反应react against. 反对，反抗reaction n. 反应 reaction to sth. 对的反应in reaction to. 对.做出的反应68. component n. 组成部分;零件 (pl.) components69. tone n.语气;腔调;口吻a tone of surprise 惊奇的口气70. Brazil 巴西(国家名)71. Bulgaria 保加利亚(国家名)72. Albania 阿尔巴尼亚(
49、国家名)20101. Their body language lets me know when _ (adjust) class activities, when _( intervene) , and when _(talk) to students individually, so they can get _ most out of school. 2. The President _(intervene) personally _ the crisis last year. 3. _(react) _ body language is an important _(component
50、) of being a teacher.4. _(avoid) too much _( intervene) _ their childrens education.5. Ive made a few _(adjust) _ the design.to adjustto interveneto talktheintervened inReacting tocomponentAvoidinterventioninadjustmentstoNounVerbAdjectiveAdverb differ vary rely interact approve embarrass P40 Fill in
