1、人教版(2019版)高中英语选择性必修第一册第三单元学案【词汇语法等】UNIT THREE1. cloth kl kl: n. (一块)布; 织物; 布料 (复数: cloths)clothes klz：n. 衣服(复数)clothing kl：衣服(总称。U.）an item/article of clothing: 一件衣服2. edgeed: n. 边; 边缘; 边线; 刀刃vt./vi. (使)徐徐移动; 给加边ageed : n. 年龄 ; 时代3. valleyvli: n. 谷; 山谷; 溪谷village vld: n. 村庄; 村镇4. reindeerrend(r): n.
2、 驯鹿 (单数复数同形)单复数同形的名词有：deer, fish, sheep, means, species等5. banbn: vt. 明令禁止; 取缔 (banned - banning)n. 禁令impose/lift/remove a ban: 颁布/解除禁令ban sb from sth: 禁止某人什么ban sb from doing sth: 禁止某人做什么6. boundarybandri bandri: n. 边界; 界限; 分界线border b:d: n. 国界; 边界(多指靠近两国或两地区分界线的区域)cross the border into.: 越过边界进入.7.
3、 accompany kmpn: vt. 陪同; 陪伴; 伴随; (尤指用钢琴)为伴奏companykmpn：n. 公司; 陪伴accompany sb = keep sb company: 陪伴某人8. adoptdpt: vt. 采用; 采取; 采纳; 领养adoption dpn: n. 采用; 领养adapt dpt: v. 适应; 适合; 改编; 改写adapt (oneself) to: 适应adjustdst: v. 调节; 校正; 适应adjust (oneself) to: 适应9. soursa(r): adj. 酸的; 有酸味的sweet: adj. 甜的turn/go
4、sour: 馊了; 变坏; 恶化; 出毛病soup sup：n. 汤have/take/eat soup: 喝汤 10. set out: 出发; 启程; (怀着目标)开始工作set out to do : 开始做什么set out for：出发去set off/forth: 出发; 上路; 动身11. blessbles: vt. 祝福blessed: adj. 神圣的; 有福的; 无忧无虑的1)However, I cannot complain. Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be al
5、ive.2)They are blessed with three lovely children.3)Blessed are the Chinese people.12. live off: 依靠生活; 以吃为生live/lead a . life: 过.的生活live on.: 靠.为生/生存live by doing .: 靠做.为生/生存13. prohibitionprbn: n. 禁止; 阻止; 禁令prohibitprhbt: vt. (尤指以法令)禁止; 阻止prohibit (sb) doing: 禁止(某人)做什么prohibit sb from doing: 禁止/阻止某
6、人做什么ban sb from sth: 禁止某人什么ban sb from doing sth: 禁止某人做什么Those people are prohibited from travelling abroad.14. journalist dnlst: n. 新闻记者; 新闻工作者reporterrpt: n. 记者; 通讯员; 采访者press pres: n. 新闻界press conference: 记者招待会; 新闻发布会15. sneezesniz: vi. 打喷嚏 (pen t )n. 喷嚏; 喷嚏声coughkf：n./v. 咳嗽coldkld：n. 感冒; 寒冷catch
7、/take/get (a) cold：患感冒have a cold：患感冒catch/get a bad/heavy/slight cold: 患重/轻感冒16. labellebl: vt. 用标签标明; 贴标签(labeled/labelledlabeling/labelling)n. 标签; 标记17. cream krim: n. 奶油; 乳脂; 护肤霜adj. 奶油色的; 淡黄色的scream skrim: n./v. 尖叫screen skrin: n. 屏幕; 荧屏18. leopardlepd: n. 豹tiger: n. 老虎lionlan: n. 狮子cat: n.猫; 猫
8、科动物19. rewardingrwd: adj. 值得做的; 有益的rewardrwd: n. 奖励; 回报; 报酬; 悬赏金v. 奖励; 奖赏; 给报酬be worth doing.: 值得做It is worthwhile to do./doing.: 做什么是值得的20. bushb: n. 灌木tree: n. 树pine/pine tree: 松树cypress saprs: n. 柏树forest: n. 森林woods: n. 树林21. lungl: n. 肺liver: n. 肝heart: n. 心脏face: n. 脸cheek: n. 面颊; 脸颊nose: n. 鼻
9、子skin: n. 皮肤forehead: n. 额; 前额eye: n. 眼睛tooth/teeth: n. 牙齿mouth: n. 口; 嘴ear: n. 耳朵shoulder: n. 肩膀 hand: n. 手arm: n. 手臂 finger: n. 手指nail: n. 指甲; 趾甲neck: n. 颈; 脖子heel: n. 足跟; 脚后跟 foot/feet: n. 脚leg: n. 腿hair: n. 头发body: n. 身体 chest: n. 胸部; 胸膛breast: n. 乳房; 胸部back: n. 背bottom: n. 屁股head: n. 头; 头脑mind:
10、 n. 头脑; 大脑muscle: 肌肉; 瘦肉fat: n. 脂肪; 肥肉bone: n. 骨头blood: n. 血at the top of ones lung(s)/voice: 大声地in a low/loud voice: 小声/大声地22. cycle sakl: n. 自行车; 摩托车; 循环v. 骑自行车bike = bicyclebaskl: 自行车motor mt: n. 摩托车; 汽车motorcycle mtsaikl：n. 摩托车bus: n. 公共汽车 pickup: 皮卡车minibus: n. 小型公共汽车car: n. 小车; 汽车taxi: n. 出租车c
11、ab: n. 出租车jeep: n. 吉普车truck: n. 卡车train: n. 火车ship: n. 轮船boat: n. 小船; 船plane: n. 飞机helicopter: n. 直升机spaceship = spacecraft: n. 宇宙飞船23. corridor krd(r): n. 狭长地带; 走廊; 过道; 通道passage psd: n. 通道; 走廊; 段落passenger psnd：n. 乘客; 旅客24. pedal pedl: n. (自行车等的)脚镫子; 踏板vt./vi. 骑自行车; 踩踏板(pedaled/pedalled pedaling/p
12、edalling)25. fountainfantn: n. 喷泉; 人工喷泉; 喷水池spring: n. 泉; 泉水; 春天mountain mantn mantn: n. 高山; 山脉26. routerut: n. 路线; 路途; 途径The Eighth Route Army: 八路军The New Fourth Army: 新四军27. ahead hed: adv. 向前; 在前面; 提前go ahead : 干吧; 进行吧; 继续ahead of : 在前面; 早于; 领先ahead of time/ schedule: 提前 = in advancebehind schedu
13、le/time: 晚点; 误期; 误点in the days ahead : 在未来的几天in the weeks/months/years ahead =in the . to come: 在未来的几周/月/年28. themeim: adj. 有特定主题的n. 主题; 主题思想title: n. 题目;标题topic: n. 题目;话题;论题theme park: 主题公园; 主题乐园29. roller coasterrl kst(r): n. 过山车ride/take the roller coaster: 坐过山车get on/off the roller coaster: 上/下过
14、山车30. incrediblenkredbl: adj. 极好的; 极大的; 难以置信的unbelievable ,nblivbl：adj. 难以相信的; 不可相信的; 惊人的It is incredible that .: 难以置信; 无法相信 It isunbelievablethat.: 难以相信; 没法相信31. appealpil: vi. 有吸引力; 呼吁; 恳求; 上诉n. 吸引力; 呼吁; 上诉; 请求appear p：v. 出现; 似乎 appeal to.: 有吸引力; 有感染力; 呼吁; 上诉; 打动appeal to sb to do.: 呼吁某人做什么32. pir
15、atepart: n. 海盗; 盗版者vt. 盗印; 窃用parade pred : n. 游行; 阅兵private pravt: adj. 私用的 ;个人的;私立的; 私营的fake: n. 假货; 假币; 赝品33. adorabledrbl: adj. 可爱的; 讨人喜爱的adore d：v. 热爱; 爱慕: 崇拜; 喜爱34. wanderwnd(r): n. 游荡; 闲逛; 流浪v. 闲逛; 漫游; 走失; 离散; 走神wonder wnd：v. 想知道; 琢磨; 怀疑wander in/at/on/around.: 在.徘徊/游荡/漫游35. amusementmjuzmnt:
16、n. 娱乐(活动); 愉悦amuse mjuz: v. 使开心/愉快/发笑; 逗笑; 逗乐amuse oneself (by) doing.: 以.自娱amused : adj. 愉快的; 开心的; 逗乐的; 觉得好笑的amusing: adj. 有趣的;好玩的;引人发笑的; 令人开心的/愉快的be amused at/by/with.: 因.而乐an amusement park: 游乐场to ones amusement: 使某人高兴的是36. enormousnms: adj. 巨大的; 极大的(指尺寸或数量巨大的)huge hjud: adj. 巨大的; 庞大的(指体积、数量、程度方面
17、极大的)giant dant: adj. 巨大的; 庞大的(只作定语，指比其他同类事物大的)vast vst: adj. 巨大的;广阔的;浩瀚的(多指空间、面积、范围巨大的)big: adj. 大的;巨大的(体积、程度、数量等)large: adj. 大的;大规模的;大量的; 大型号的(主要用于形容面积、体积、数量、重量; 指人时表示身材高大的)great: adj. 伟大的; 大的; 巨大的; 数量大的; 众多的(体积、尺寸、程度等大于一般的)37. ironan: n. 铁; 铁器; 铸铁; 熨斗v.(用熨斗)熨; 烫平metal: n. 金属 steel: n. 钢 gold: n. 黄
18、金 silver: n. 银bronze: n. 铜 lead: n. 铅an iron and steel works: 钢铁厂electric/steamiron: 电熨斗/蒸汽熨斗38. fashion fn: n. 时尚; 时兴; 流行款式the world of fashion: 时装界the fashion industry: 时装业a fashionshow: 时装表演(be) in fashion: 流行(be) out of fashion: 不流行; 过时come into fashion: 流行go out of fashion: 不流行; 过时39. rarere(r)
19、: adj. 稀少的; 珍贵的; (肉)半熟的Itsrare for sb to do.: 某人难得/很少做什么40. superb supb: adj. 极佳的; 卓越的supersup: adj. 超级的; 极好的;了不起的outstanding atstnd：adj. 优秀的; 杰出的; 重要的excellent ekslnt：adj. 优秀的; 很好的; 好极了brilliant brljnt: adj. 极棒的; 极为成功的supper sp: n. 晚饭41. aquariumkwerim: n. 水族馆; 水族玻璃槽; 养鱼缸 (复数: aquariums /aquariakwe
20、ri)42. up to.: 多达; 达到(某数量、程度等); 直到; 不多于; (体力或智力上)能胜任It is up to you. 由你决定。It is up to sb to do.: 做.由某人决定;做.是某人的职责/责任What are you up to? 你在做什么? 你在忙些什么?1)Here you can walk under the Whale Shark Aquarium-the worlds largest-and see up to 20, 000 fish, in addition to a whale shark 68 metres in length.2)Y
21、ou can writeup tofivekey wordsonthecard.3)I will read up to page 60.4)Up to 200 students admitted that they played on the phones last night.5) Inmyopinion,heis(not)uptothework/job/task.6) MyEnglishreallyisntuptothe work.Idoapologize.43. polarpl(r): adj. (近)极地的; 南极(或北极)的; 磁极的pole pl：n. 竿; 柱; 极The Nor
22、th/South Pole: 北/南极44. upside down: 颠倒; 倒转; 翻转 psadturnupside down: 把倒过来stand on end: 竖起来; 立起来45. displaydsple: n. 展览; 陈列; 展览品vt. 显示; 陈列on display/show: 陈列; 展出46. appetiteptat: n. 食欲; 胃口; 强烈欲望have a good/poor appetite: 胃口好/差have no appetite: 没有胃口/食欲lose ones appetite: 没有胃口/食欲haveanappetitefor.: 有强烈欲
23、望47. entertainment enttenmnt: n. 娱乐; 招待; 娱乐活动; 文娱节目(指娱乐节目或活动，如电影、电视、文艺表演等)amusement: n. 娱乐; 消遣(指因事物搞笑而感到的开心, 或为打发时间而进行的娱乐活动)48. come to mind: 突然想起/记起come up with.: 提出; 想出; 找到(答案); 拿出(钱)1)When I was sweeping the floor, three things immediately came to mind.2)I came up with a new solution to the probl
24、em.49. wake up to.: 因.而醒来; 认识到; 意识到50. set = go down= sink: 落下 rise: 升起1)The sun/moon sets in the west.2)The sun/moon rises in the east.51. be covered with/by.：被覆盖52. leave behind.: 留下; 忘了带.; 离开53. soon after: 不久后54.apart from.: 除.外 (包含或者不包含)1)So apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sa
25、rek.2)Apart from his salary, he also has a private income.3)Allmy studentslikemusicapartfromJack.55. way of life/living: 生活方式56. live/lead a . life: 过.的生活57. a number of (+ 复数名): 许多a small number of (+ 复数名): 少量the number of: 的数字58. bring/take/carrywith sb: 携带59.( be) anything like.: 和.相像/相似1)If toda
26、y is anything like yesterday, it will be full of sweat and hard work.2)Do you look anything like your father?60. the Swedish/Chinese government: 瑞典/中国政府61. be known to sb: 被知道/熟知be known for.: 因而闻名be known as.: 作为而闻名That village is unkown to the outside world.62. be home to .: .是.的家园/栖息地1)Sareks mou
27、ntains are home to the Sami.2)Sichuan and Shaanxi are home to pandas.3)India is the home of tigers.63. as it is /was : 照/按原样as they are /were: 照/按原样We hope that the national park will always remain as it is.64. 倍数的三种表示法：A.twice/three times + 比较级 + than: .比.两倍/三倍This railway is twice longer than that
28、 one.B. twice/three times asas: .是.两倍/三倍AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEuropeC.twice/four times the height of : .是.高度(.)的两倍/四倍【weight, width, depth, length, size, amount, age】This bridge is twice the width of the one over the River Thames.65. be famous for: 因闻名66. be familiar with: 对熟悉67. put on performanc
29、es: 演出68. all (the) year round: 全年69. a treat: 棒极了70. A. .be thought to be .: 被认为.B. .be thought to live/like/know:被认为住/喜欢/知道C. .be thought to be doing.:被认为正在做什么D. .be thought to have done.:被认为做了什么【said, believed, considered, supposed, expected, reported, known也可这样用】1)The area is thought to have abo
30、ut 35 tigers and 70 leopards.2)The man is thought to be a doctor.3)The woman is thought to know his address.4)Your brother is thought to be playing games.5)Her sister is thought to have left China.71. put.in place: 实施; 落实到位72. fit into.: 使.适合于.73. take photos/pictures (of.)：照相74. be/get close to：靠近7
31、5. more than: 非常; 超过; 胜过; 不仅仅76. have fun = enjoy oneself = have a good time: 玩舒服; 尽情地玩77. in addition to + 名词/代词/doing.: 除了.外(还)1)In addition to English, the journalist has to study a second foreign language.2)They play football in addition to basketball.3)In addition to giving me some advice, the
32、farmer gave me some money.78. work/ act/serve as.: 担任I have worked as a guide for more than 10 years.79. 本单元语法：doing/being结构作主语此结构作主语, 通常接单数动词。1)Getting there is quite difficult. 2)Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive.3)Studyingabroadisbothchallenging andrewardi
33、ng.4)GoingonahikingtourinSarekin winterwouldhardly bepossibledue totheextremecold.5)Honestly,exploringavastunknown landcanbeboth excitingand terrifying.6)Adopting a positive attitude is good, even whenthings are difficult7)Hiring local guides is strongly advised, because they can offer accurate know
34、ledge of Sarek culture and history.8)Forhundredsofyears,lookingafterreindeerwasawayoflifefortheSami.9)Travelling through space, visiting a pirate ship, or meeting an adorable fairytale or cartoon character are all possible at Disneyland.10)Visiting the candy shop and trying some of the same kind of
35、candy that American southerners made 150 years ago is a rare experience.11)Riding on the only steam engine still working in the southeastern United States is a special treat.12)Watching the dolphin and sea lion shows is both educational and fun.13)Reading English aloud in the morning will do you lot
36、s of good.14)Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.15)Being a good person is too difficult for him.16)Being examined twice a year is the rule that every driver shall obey in this city.特别注意：doing结构可以作主语, to不定式也可以作主语, 区别在于：表示比较抽象的一般行为或者经常性习惯性的动 作时, 多用doing作主语。表示具体的某次动作, 特别是将来发生的动作, 多用不定式作主语。不定式作主语, 后接单数动词。1)To take a trip is not a wise choice on the National Day this year.2)To hold a party this evening makes us happy.7
