1、Words and Expressions1.Confucius n.孔子TempleofConfucius孔庙2.mansionn.公馆;宅第(pl.)mansionsKongFamilyMansion孔府3.cemeteryn.墓地;公墓(pl.)cemeteriesCemeteryofConfucius孔子墓地4.philosophy n.哲学doaresearchprojectonConfuciusphilosophy做一个关于孔子哲学的研究项目aprofessorofphilosophy哲学教授adegreeinphilosophy哲学学位philosophern.哲学家15.des
2、cendant n.后裔;后代;子孙(pl.)descendantsoneofConfuciusdescendants,孔子的后代之一6.individual adj. 单独的;个别的n.个人(pl.)individualstheindividualwords单个词语eachindividualmemberofthecommunity社区的每个成员individualincome个人收入teamsandindividuals团队和个人7.heeln.足跟;(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟(pl.)heelsshoeswithalow/highheel低/高跟鞋8.Achillesheel(喻)(希腊神
3、话)阿喀琉斯的脚跟;致命的弱点EnglishishisAchillesheel.英语是他的软肋。21.Confuciuswasagreat_(think),_(educate),and_(philosophy).2.XiaoKongisdoingaresearchproject_Confucius_(philosophy).3.Confuciusisoneofhisfavourite_(philosophy).4.Confuciushasover3million_(descendant).5.AsoneofConfucius_(descendant),XiaoKongsname_(record
4、)inthefamilytree.6.Anidiomisanexpressionwhichmeanssomethingdifferent_themeaningofthe_(individual)words.7.SometimesIfeelthat_(individual)canhavelittleeffectonsuchhugeenvironmentalproblems.8.Mynewshoesarerubbingmy_(heel).9.TomsAchillesheelwas_hecouldnotbelieve_others.thinkereducatorphilosopherphilosop
5、hyonphilosophersdescendantsdescendantsisrecordedfromindividualindividualsheelsthatin19.kingdomn.王国;领域(pl.)kingdomstheUnitedKingdom英国10.chief adj.最重要的;最高级别的n.(公司或机构的)首领;遒长(pl.)chiefstwochiefadvantages两大优势theChiefEducationOfficer首席教育官CEO（chiefexecutiveofficer）总裁；首席执行官army/policechiefs部队首长/警察局长11.puzzl
6、en.谜;智力游戏;疑问(pl.)puzzlesvt.迷惑;使困惑awordpuzzle字谜puzzleover/aboutsth苦苦思索；仔细琢磨puzzleout.=workout.琢磨出的答案puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的；令人困惑的puzzledadj.人感到困惑的；迷惑不解的bepuzzledabout.对迷惑312.nearbyadj. 附近的;邻近的adv.在附近thenearbycountryofWales附近的威尔士livenearby住附近13.jointo.把和连接或联结起来jointhispipetothenext将这管子与相邻的管子连接起来bejoinedto.=
7、beconnectedto.与相连14.breakaway(fromsb/sth)脱离;背叛;逃脱breakawayfromtheUK脱离联合王国breakawayfromthedifficultposition摆脱困境呢breakawayfromonesbadhabits改掉某人的坏习惯15.belongvi.应在(某处);适应belongingn.U归属；（复数）附属品；所有物；财物asenseofbelonging一种归属感afewpersonalbelongings几件私人物品16.belongto 属于（不能用于进行时态和被动语态）41.Whatarethefour_(country
8、)oftheUnitedKingdom?2.Accordingtothetext,whataretwochief_(advantage)of_(study)thehistoryofacountry?3._(get)toknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethis_(puzzle).4.I_(puzzle)aboutthissituation.4.Shehada_(puzzle)lookonherface.5.Inthe16thcentury,thenearbycountryofWales_(join)totheKingdomofEn
9、gland.6.Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeaway_theUK,whichresulted_thefullnamewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.7.Thefourcountriesthat_(belong)totheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.countriesadvantagesstudyingGettingpuzzleampuzzledpuzzledwasjoinedfro
10、minbelong217.aswellas 同(一样也);和;还aswellas是连词，连接两个并列成分。如连接的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词与其前面的名词或代词保持一致。aswell也；又；还（为副词性短语，通常放在句末）【辨析】aswell，too，also，either都作副词，意思“也”aswell用于肯定句通常放句末，一般不用逗号隔开。too用于肯定句置于句末，用逗号隔开。also用于肯定句位于实义动词之前be/助动词/情态动词之后either用于否定句常位于句末,用逗号隔开。18.currency n.通货;货币(pl.)currenciestradinginforeigncurr
11、encies买卖外汇19.militaryadj. 军事的;军用的militarytraining军训militaryuniform军服takemilitaryaction采取军事行动520.defencen.防御;保卫theDepartmentofDefense国防部defendvt.防御；保护；保卫defend(sb/sth)from/against保卫(sb/sth)以免受.21.legaladj. 法律的;合法的legallyadv.法律上；合法地illegaladj.不合法的；违法的illegallyadv.不法地（注意：以字母l开头的形容词或副词，其反义词加前缀il-）22.sur
12、round vt.围绕;包围besurroundedwith/by被围绕/包围surroundingadj.周围的;附近的n.(复数)环境;周围的事物thesurroundingvillages周围的村庄adapttothenewsurroundings适应周围的新环境23.evidencen.证据;证明Uevidentadj.明显的;显然的evidentlyadv.明显地;显而易见twoevidentadvantages两个明显的优点61.Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswell_sharethesamecurrencyandmilitary
13、_(defend).2.Tom,aswellashisfriends,_(go)skatingeverySat.3.Forexample,England,Wales,Scotland,andNorthernIrelandallhavedifferenteducationsystemsand_(legal)systems.4.AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,you_(surround)by_(evidence)offourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewho_(take)overatdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.5.Ge
14、nerallychildrenarebetterabletoadapttothenew_(surround).6._(evident),hehasfalleninlovewithMissG.asdefencegoeslegalwillbesurroundedevidencetooksurroundingsEvidently324.achievementn.成就;成绩;达到(pl.)achievementsasenseofachievement成就感beproudofonesachievements对某人的成绩感到自豪achievevt.取得;获得;实现;成功achievesuccess获得成功
15、achieveonesgoals实现某人的目标25.locationn.地方;地点;位置(pl.)locationsthenamesofmanylocationsacrosstheUK英国各地的地名movetoanewlocation迁移新址locatevt.使位于；确定的准确地点belocated/situatedin/at/to位于；坐落在.belocatedatthefootofahill坐落在山脚下726.conquervt.占领;征服;控制conquerEngland征服英格兰conquerallkindsofnaturaldisasters征服各种自然灾害Thereisalways
16、onethingtoconqueranother.一物降一物。27.battlen.战役;搏斗(pl.)battlesvi.vt.博斗;奋斗fightalongbattleagainstcancer同癌症的长期斗争abattleforsurvival一场生死斗battleagainstthecancer同癌症斗争battletheflames与烈火搏斗28.port n.港口(域市)(pl.)portsanancientportcityt一个古老的港口城市29.fascinatingadj. 极有吸引力的;迷人的fascinatedadj.人感到入迷的;极感兴趣的fascinatevt.深深吸
17、引.;迷住.fascinationn.魅力;极大的吸引力;着迷81.Someoftheirgreat_(achieve)includedbuildingtownsandroads.2.Wemustworkhard_(achieve)ourgoals.3.TheVikingscameintheeighthcentury,leftbehindlotsofnewvocabulary,andalsothenamesofmany_(locate)acrosstheUK.4.Thefactory_(locate)atthefootofahill.5.They_(conquer)Englandafterth
18、ewell-knownBattleofHastingsinthe11thcentury.。6.ThecapitalcityLondonisagreatplacetostart,asitisanancientportcitythathasahistory_(date)allthewayback_Romantimes.7.TheUKisa_(fascinate)mixofhistoryandmodernculture,withbothnewandold_(tradition).8.Thischild_(fascinate)bytheplotsinthenovel.achievementstoach
19、ievelocationsislocatedconquereddatingtofascinatingtraditionswasfascinated430.keepyoureyesopen(for).留心.;留意.keepyoureyesopenforluckyopportunities留心抓住好机会31.chargen.收费;指控;主管vt.收费;控告;充电incharge主管；负责inchargeof.负责/掌管（主语通常为人）inthechargeof.由负责/掌管（主语通常为物）takechargeof.负责/掌管themonthlychargeforthisservice这项服务的月费
20、freeofcharge免费amurdercharge谋杀罪的指控chargesbwith（doing）sth指控某人某事charge(sb).forsth.因某事向某人收费getourcarbatterycharged.给汽车电池充电932.announce vt. 宣布;通知:声称announcementn.C通告；宣告announcern.C宣布者；播音员33.amountn.金额;数量(pl.)alargeamountof+U大量的作主语谓语用单数=largeamountsof+U大量的作主语谓语用复数34.galleryn.(艺术作品的)展览馆;画廊(pl.)galleriesana
21、rtgallery美术馆theNationalGallery国家美术馆35.approach n.方法;途径;接近(pl.)approachesvt.接近;接;着手处理vi.靠近approachthepainting接近那幅画Winterisapproaching.冬天就要来临。makeapproachestosb.与.打交道approachto(doing)sth.（做）某事的方法attheapproachof在快到.的时候101.Ifyoukeepyoureyes_(open),youwillbesurprised_(find)thatyoucanseebothitspastanditsp
22、resent.2.The_(month)charge_thisserviceisonly$29.3.He_(charge)_murderyesterday.4.JudyandIhadourcar_(park)inanundergroundcarparknearTrafalgarSquare,_wecouldgetourcarbattery_(charge).5.Whenwefinallyreachedtheservicedesktoaskforaudioguides,weheardit_(announce)_therewerenoaudioguides_(leave).6.Todaysanno
23、uncementofapeaceagreementcameafterweeksofdiscussion.7.Large_(ammount)ofwater_(pollute)lately.8.Itwashard_(approach)thepaintingasthereweresomanypeoplearound.9.Theschoolhasdecidedtoadoptadifferentapproach_discipline.opentofindmonthlyforwaschargedwithparkedwherechargedannouncedthatleftamountshavebeenpo
24、llutedtoapproachto536.ensurevt.保证；确保；担保ensurethat=makesurethat确保37.landscape n. (陆上，尤指乡树的)风景besurroundedbybeautifulnaturallandscape周围有美丽的自然景观38.generous adj.慷慨的;大方的;丰富的staywithagenerousfamily和一个慷慨的家庭呆在一起helpsbwithagenerousdonation慷慨捐赠某人begenerouswithsth在某方面慷慨大方begenerouswithhelp乐于助人begeneroustosb对某人
25、慷慨大方Itisgenerousofsbtodosth某人做某事真宽宏大量/大方1139.buttern.黄油;奶油vt.涂黄油于.spreadsomebutteronthebread在面包上涂些黄油preferthepeanutoiltobutter喜欢花生油不吃黄油butterfourthickslicesofbread用黄油涂了四片厚面包40.honeyn.蜂蜜drinkteawithhoney加蜂蜜的茶honey-moon蜜月honeybee蜜蜂41.ancestorn.祖宗;祖先(pl.)ancestorsthefamilysancestors这个家族的祖先42.positionn.
26、位置;姿态;职位(pl.)positionsasitting/kneeling/lyingposition坐/跪/卧姿tobeinapositionofpower/strength/authority处于有权力/有实力/有权威的地位holdaseniorpositioninabigcompany在一大公司担任高层bepositionedonthehill放置在山上121.Shehadacopyofthepaintingboxed_(ensure)_itwasdelivered_(safe).2.LochNess_(surround)bybeautifulnaturallandscape,_ma
27、deitlookamazing.3.Carlandhisfriendsstayedwitha_(慷慨的)family_offeredthembreadwithbutterandhoney_washomemade.4.Thankyoufor_(be)generous_yourtime_me.5.Itwasverygenerous_youtoforgiveher6.Whatwouldyoudo_myposition?7.Theywatchedoverthelakewiththeircamerasandbinoculars,which_(position)onthehill.toensurethat
28、safelywassurroundedwhichgenerouswhothatbeingwithtoofinwerepositioned643.courtyardn.庭院;院子(pl.)courtyardsinthecourtyard在院子里44.snackn.点心;小吃(pl.)snacksasnacklunch快餐午饭Itllbeasnack.这不过是小事一桩。45.eageradj. 热切的;渴望的beeagerforsth渴求某物beeagertodosth渴望做某事eagerlyadv.热切地；渴望地eagernessn.渴望；热切46.poetn.诗人(pl.)poetspoemn
29、.诗；诗歌poetryn.诗集1347.countyn.(英国、爱尔兰的)郡;(美国的)县(pl.)counties48.feastn.盛宴;宴会;节日(pl.)feastsatherweddingfeast在她的婚宴上holdafeastinhonouroftheforeignguests设宴招待外宾animportantfeastforChristians基督徒的一个重要节日Feasttodayandfasttomorrow.今朝大吃大喝明日忍饥挨饿。feastyoureyes(onsb/sth)尽情欣赏；大饱眼福49.rollvi.vt.(使)翻滚;(使)滚动n.卷(轴);翻滚rolld
30、ownthehill滚下山rolledup/downthewindow摇上/下窗rolluponessleevesandworkhard撸起袖子加油干aforward/backwardroll前/后滚翻arolloffilm/wire一卷胶卷/电线achicken/cheeseroll鸡肉卷/奶酪卷等rocknroll(rock-and-roll)摇滚乐141.The_(院子)shouldbecleanedupeveryday.2.Donthave_(太多零食),oryoumaygetfat.3.Katewasinahurrytogrowup,_(eager)_knowledgeandexpe
31、rience4.Iamlookingforward_(eager)_yourresponse.Icouldnthidemy_(eager)togetbackhome.5.Heisgoodatwriting_(poet).6.Thepeacefullandscapeofthe“EmeraldIsIe”and_manygreencounties_(be)_truefeastfortheeyes,withits_(roll)greenhills_(dot)withsheepandcattle.。7.Shestood_(feast)hereyes_theview.courtyardtoomanysna
32、ckseagerforeagerlytoeagernesspoemsitsisarollingdottedfeastingon750.dotn.点;小(圆)点(pl.)dotsvt.加点;遍布onthedot准时；在指定时刻Dontforgettodottheletteri.不要忘记在字母i上加点。Smallvillagesdotthecountryside.小村庄遍布于乡间。bedottedwith.布满/充满着.；被点缀着.Thecountrysideisdottedwithsmallvillages.乡间布满.51.cattlen.牛(cattle是集合名词，不能加不定冠词a，词尾也不可
33、加s，常和many，few，these，those等连用。用作主语时，句子的谓语动词多用复数。用head表示“几头牛”)aherdofcattle一群牛aheadofcattle一头牛twentyheadsofcattle二十头牛1552.roarvi.n.吼叫;咆哮(pl.)theroaroftheoceanwaves海浪的咆哮声roaratsb对某人大叫aroarofapplause/laughter一阵笑/掌声53.oceann.大海;海洋(pl.)oceansgoswimmingintheocean在海洋里游泳theArctic/Atlantic/Indian/PacificOcean
34、北冰/大西/印度/太平洋54.scentn.气味;气息befilledwiththescentofflowers弥漫着花的芬芳breatheinthesweetscentoffreshflowers呼吸着鲜花的芬芳55.greetvi.问候:迎接greetsbwithsth用欢迎/致意/问候/打招呼某人greetsthwithsth对某事作出某种反应greetingsn.问候；招呼;迎接;问候的话;祝词exchangegreetings互致问候greetthenewdaywiththesong用歌声来迎接新的一天agreetingcard贺卡seasonsgreetings圣诞快乐161.Th
35、etaxishowedup_thedot.2.Dontforget_(dot)theletteri.3.Thecattle_(wander)inthevillageatthattime.4.Anddownbythesea,the_(roar)oftheoceanwavesandcriesoftheseabirdsmake_themusicofthecoast.5.Dontroar_me.6._aquietmorninginthemountains,feelthesunonyourskin,and_(breath)inthesweetscentoffreshflowerswhilebirdsgr
36、eetthenewday_theirmorningsong.ontodotwerewanderingroarupatOnbreathewith856.pubn.酒吧;酒馆(pl.)pubsstopbyavillagepub在乡村酒吧57.winen.葡萄酒;果酒abottleofwine一瓶葡萄酒redwineorwhitewine红葡萄酒或白葡萄酒58.beern.（一杯）啤酒abeer=aglassofbeer一杯啤酒59.stewn.炖菜(有肉和蔬菜vt.vi.炖;煨adelicioustraditionalIrishBeefStew美味的传统爱尔兰炖牛肉makeastewforlunc
37、h炖菜中午吃aspoonfulofthestew一匙炖菜stewfruitinwaterandsugar用水和糖煮水果letsbstewinonesownjuice让某人自作自受Letthemstewintheirownjuice.让他们自食其果吧。1760.customn.风俗;习俗;习惯(pl.)customsexperiencelocalcultureandcustomsfirst-hand亲身体验当地的文化和习俗customsn.(政府部门)海关;(港口或机场的)海关;关税getthroughcustoms通过海关customern.顾客;主顾thecustomerservicedep
38、artment客户服务部61.sensoryadj. 感觉的;感官的describesensorydetails描述感官细节sensoryorgans感觉器官ourbodyssensorysystem我们身体的感官系统sensorypleasure/comfort感官的愉悦/舒适度sensen.感官（即视觉、嗅觉、听觉、触觉、味觉）thefivesenses（sight,smell,hearing,touch,andtaste）五种感觉官能asenseofloss/guilt/relief失落感/负罪感/释然感181._(have)achanceofexperiencingthis,_(sto
39、p)byavillagepubandrelax_aglassofwineoralocalbeer.2.Betteryet,_(enjoy)adelicious_(tradition)IrishBeefStew.3.Andifyouintroduce_toafriendlyface,youaremorethanlikely_(experience)local_(culture)and_(custom)first-hand.4._is_traditionalcustomforChineseoldpeopletolivewiththeirchildrenandtheirgrandchildren.5
40、.Hemustbe_newcomertotownandheobviouslydidntunderstandourlocal_(custom)6.Whatwordsdoesthewriterusetodescribe_(sense)details?TohavestopwithenjoytraditionalyourselftoexperienceculturecustomsItaacustomssensory962.strikingadj.引人注目的;显著的astrikingimage引人注目的形象strikevt.撞；撞击；击打（struck-struck-striking)Theshipst
41、ruckarock.船触礁了。Shestruckhimintheface.她掴了他一耳光。63.transition n.过渡;转变;变迁ensureasmoothtransition确保平稳过渡64.crowdn.人群;一群人;民众)vt.挤满;使拥挤acrowdof/crowdsof一大群，很多crowdin(onsb)(想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入crowdintosth大批涌入（狭小的空间）crowdaround/round(sb/sth)聚集在周围；聚拢crowdedadj.拥挤的；挤满的becrowdedwith.挤满1965.Wales威尔士(英国)66.Scotland 苏格兰
42、(英国)67.NorthernIreland北爱尔兰(英国)68.Ango-Saxon盎格鲁.撒克逊人69.Vikingn.维京人;北欧海盗70.Normanadj. 诺曼式的;诺曼人的71.theNormans诺曼人72.BattleofHastings黑斯廷斯战役73.Romanadj. 古罗马的;罗马的n.古罗马人;罗马市民74.VanGogh梵高(荷兰画家)75.theEmeraldIsle绿宝石岛(爱尔兰的别称76.Irish adj.爱尔兰的;爱尔兰人(或语)的201.Yourredcoatis_(strike).2.Thechildranintotheroadand_(strik
43、e)byacar.3.Weneedtoensure_smoothtransition_theoldsystemandthenewone.4._crowdofpeople_(wait)infrontofthegateatthattime.5.Toomanyuncomfortablethoughtswere_(crowd)in_her.6.Weall_(crowd)intoherofficetosingHappyBirthday.7.Davecouldnotfindaseatintheroom.Itwasvery_(crowd).8.Theroomis_(crowd)_books.striking
44、wasstruckabetweenAwerewaitingcrowdingoncrowdedcrowdedcrowdedwith10achieve,locate,king,defend,negate,specify,describe,refer-ce-ive-ic-dom-ment-ence-tionWordsEndings1.CombinethewordswiththeendingstoformwordsthatyoulearntinthisunitonP46.achievement,location,kingdom,defence,negative,specific,description
45、,reference1.ProfessorGrangemadeseveral_totherelationshipbetweenthetwocountries,andgavealotofbackgroundinformationtoexplainthe_situationtheyarefacing.2.Foryourhomeworkthisweek,pleasedosomeresearchonthemajor_ofIsaacNewtonandgiveafull_ofoneoftheseinclass.3.Afterthewar,the_wasleftinruins,withallofits_co
46、mpletelydestroyed.4.ThatShanghairestauranthasthreedifferent_,soifyouletmeknowwhereyourhotelis,Illgiveyou_directionstotheclosestone.Usethewordstocompletethesentences.referencesnegativeachievementsdescriptionachievement,location,kingdom,defence,negative,specific,description,referencekingdomdefencesloc
47、ationsspecificListening，Speaking & Talking on Page 38ConfuciusmansioncemeteryphilosophydescendantindividualheelAchillesheeln.孔子孔子n.公馆；宅第公馆；宅第n.墓地；公墓墓地；公墓n.哲学哲学n.后裔后裔；后代后代；子孙子孙adj.单独的；个别的单独的；个别的n.个人个人n.足跟；足跟；(脚脚,袜子、鞋等的）后跟袜子、鞋等的）后跟（喻）（希雅神语）阿喀琉斯的脚跟（喻）（希雅神语）阿喀琉斯的脚跟;致命的弱点致命的弱点WordsReview Whoisthisperson?
48、 Whatdoyouknowaboutthisperson? DoyouknowQufu曲阜曲阜?Haveyoueverbeenthere? Whatdoyouknowaboutit?Confucius551 BC 479 BCagreateducatorWarming-upQufuisthehometownandgraveofConfucius.inShandongLook at some photos of Qufu and share what you can say about these. TempleofConfucius孔庙；夫子庙KongFamilyMansion孔府孔府Cem
49、eteryofConfucius孔林孔林ItisthemostfamousandlargesttemplehonoringConfucius.DachengHallstandsatthecenterandistheprincipalplaceforofferingsacrificesto祭祀祭祀Confucius.LocatedtotheeastoftheTempleofConfucius,thiswasthehistoricalhomeofthedescendantsofConfucius.Todaythisisamuseum.ThisiswhereConfuciusandhisdescen
50、dantsareburied.Therehavebeenmorethan10,000ofthemburiedhereforover2,000years. PredictionPredictwhatthelisteningtextisaboutbylookingattheactivity2.The listening text is probably about the introduction of a great educator-Confucius .2.ListentoaconversationbetweenaBritishtouristandaChinesestudentinQufu,
