1、Unit 5 delicate worldDeveloping ideas一、短语填空on behalf of;a variety of;thanks to;add.to;in return;be regarded as;result in;due to1.We offer an excellent education to our students., we expect students to work hard.2.This accident was the drivers carelessness.3.Calling the police the most efficient way
2、to solve such a problem.4.This decision can problems.5. everyone here,I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.6.Please some sugar the milk to make it more delicious.二、阅读理解The African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth, is of great importance to the African ecosystem. Unl
3、ike other animals, the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment. As a big plant-eater, it largely shapes the forest and savanna(稀树草原)surroundings in which it lives, therefore setting the terms of existence of millions of other animals that live in its habitat. It is the e
4、lephants great desire for food that makes it a changer of the environment and an important builder of its habitat. In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day, it kills small trees and undergrowth, and pulls branches off big trees. This results in numerous open space
5、s both in deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas. In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant-eaters. Take the rain forests for example. In their natural state, the spreading branches overhead
6、shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor. By pulling down trees and eating plants, elephants make open spaces, allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor. In such situations, the forests become suitable for large hoofed(有蹄的)plant-eaters to move around and for small
7、 plant-eaters to get their food as well. What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species. If the elephant disappears, scientists say, many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of the forest and savanna, greatly changing and worsening the whole e
8、cosystem. 1. What is the passage mainly about? A. Disappearance of African elephants. B. Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants. C. The effect of African elephants on the ecosystem. D. The eating habit of African elephants. 2. What does the underlined phrase “setting the terms” in Pa
9、ragraph 1 most probably mean? A. Fixing the time. B. Worsening the state. C. Improving the quality. D. Deciding the conditions. 3. What can we know about the open spaces in the passage? A. They result from the destruction of rain forests. B. They are covered by few species of plants. C. They are hom
10、e to many endangered animals. D. They are attractive to plant-eating animals of different kinds. 4. The passage is developed mainly by _. A. showing the effect and then explaining the causesB. pointing out similarities and differencesC. describing the changes in space orderD. giving examples to expl
11、ain the reasons三、阅读填句Culture shock isnt a clinical term or medical condition. Its simply a common way to describe the confusing and nervous feelings a person may have after leaving a familiar culture to live in a new and different culture. 1 That can be exciting, but it can also be overwhelming (不可抗
12、拒的). Everyone feels the pressure to fit in at one time or anotherwhether theyve lived in the area for days or years. 2 All of your experiences before you came to your new home are part of you, and what makes you special. Here are a few tips for making sure your new culture doesnt overpower the old.
13、Educate people about your culture. Just because youre the one entering the new culture doesnt mean you should be the one doing all the learning. Take the opportunity to teach classmates and new friends about your culture; they may know little about it. 3Invite them over for traditional dishes from y
14、our culture. Find a support group. Find kids in your class or neighborhood who recently moved, too. You can share experiences. Keep in touch with home. You probably left behind good friends and family when you moved. If its going to be a long time until your next visit, keep in touch. Youve not only
15、 left behind people, but also other thingslike your favorite spot to hang out. 4Remember, the key to getting over your culture shock is understanding the new culture and finding a way to live comfortably within it while keeping true to the parts of your culture that you value. 5 Try not to force you
16、rself to change too fast or to change too many things all at once. You will have your own pace of adjusting. Everyone goes through changes in their life, and it may seem that you are going through more changes than the average personbut as long as you hold on to whats important to you and find a goo
17、d combination between old and new, youll be fine. A. Its important to be yourself. B. Keep pictures around to remind you of home. C. But the good news is that culture shock is temporary. D. It will also help them to learn more about you in the process. E. When you move to a new place, youre bound to
18、 face a lot of changes. F. Making friends who arent new to the culture may help you understand the culture better. G. But dont feel like you need to change everything about yourself so you can stand out less. 四、语法填空President Xi Jinping 1. _(sign)a presidential order on Tuesday to award four people n
19、ational medals and honorary titles for their outstanding contributions 2. _ fighting the COVID-19 pandemic(流行病). Zhong Nanshan, 3. _ excellent disease expert, was awarded the Medal of the Republic, the highest national honor, for his outstanding work in fighting COVID-19 in China. Three others were
20、also awarded the “Peoples Hero” national honorary title for helping fight against 2019-nCoV(新冠病毒). They are Zhang Boli, a 4. _ (tradition) Chinese medicine expert; Zhang Dingyu, head of Wuhans Jinyintan Hospital; and Chen Wei, a medical scientist 5. _ made major achievements in COVID-19-related basi
21、c research. Zhong also has long been devoted to the research, prevention and 6. _ (treat) of major infectious and chronic respiratory diseases(慢性呼吸道疾病), and has a long record of 7. _ (achievement). He was a major figure in the fight against the severe acute respiratory syndrome(急性呼吸系统综合症) outbreak i
22、n 2003 in China. Following the COVID-19 outbreak, the Chinese government encouraged the country 8. _(contain) the disease in Wuhan, Hubei province, after the city was locked down in late January. More than 42, 000 medical workers from across the country 9. _ (send) to Hubei to fight the disease. The
23、 pandemic has been 10. _(effective) placed under control on the Chinese mainland since early March. 一、短语填空1.In return2.due to3.is regarded as4.result in5.On behalf of6.add;to二、阅读理解1.C。主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容, 尤其第一段的The African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth, is of great importance to t
24、he African ecosystem. 可知, 文章主要讲述了非洲象对非洲生态系统的影响。故选C项。2.D。短语猜测题。根据画线短语所在句子As a big plant-eater, it largely shapes the forest and savanna surroundings in which it lives, therefore setting the terms of existence of millions of other animals that live in its habitat. 可知, 作为大型食草动物, 它在很大程度上塑造了它赖以生存的森林和稀树草原
25、的环境, 因此决定其他许多生活在它栖息地中的动物的生存环境。根据前后的因果关系可推测画线部分的意思是“决定”。故选D项。3.D。细节理解题。根据第二段中In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant-eaters. 可知, 在这些开阔的空间中有许多处于不同生长阶段的植物, 它们吸引着各种其他的食草动物。故选D项。4.A。推理判断题。根据第一段的The African elephant, the largest land anima
26、l remaining on earth, is of great importance to the African ecosystem. 第二段的It is the elephants great desire for food that makes it a changer of the environment and an important builder of its habitat. 和第三段的By pulling down trees and eating plants, elephants make open spaces, allowing new plants to gr
27、ow on the forest floor. 可知, 本文采用的写作方法是先说明影响, 然后解释了具体的原因。故选A项。三、阅读填句1. E。上句提到“当一个人离开一个熟悉的文化环境去一个新的、不同的文化环境中生活时, 可能会产生一种困惑和紧张的感觉”。E项: 当你搬到一个新地方, 你一定会面临很多变化。承接上句, 继续介绍去新地方后的情况。E项中的When you move to a new place和上句中的to live in a new and different culture. 意思一致, 下句的That指代选项中的face a lot of changes, 故选E。2. G
28、。上句提到“每个人都会在某个时候感受到融入新社区的压力”。下句提到所有在你来到新家之前的经历都是你的一部分, 是这些让你变得特别。针对上句人们为了减少压力适应新环境往往会做出改变, 而下句说明了保持原样不需要改变, 前后意思转折, 空处应该是过渡句。G项: 但不要觉得你需要改变自己的一切, 这样你就不会那么突出。承上启下, 故选G。3. D。本段建议让人们了解你的文化。下文介绍了让人们了解你的文化的必要性和具体做法, 上句Take the opportunity to teach classmates and new friends about your culture. 建议利用这个机会向同
29、学和新朋友介绍你的文化。D项: 这也会帮助他们在这个过程中更多地了解你。承接上句, 说明了向同学和新朋友介绍你的文化的作用, 其中的them指代上句的classmates and new friends, 故选D。4. B。本段建议找一个支持小组。段中建议和家人朋友保持联系。B项: 在身边放一些照片, 让你想起自己的家。其中pictures对应上句的other thingslike your favorite spot to hang out, 故选B。5 .A。本段要求概括小标题, 段中建议不要强迫自己改变得太快, 或者一次改变太多。坚持对你重要的东西, 找到新旧事物的良好结合。A项: 做你
30、自己很重要。概括了本段内容, 其中的to be yourself与本段中的you hold on to whats important to you意思一致, 故选A。四、语法填空1. signed。考查动词时态。句意: 周二, 国家主席习近平签署了主席令, 为四名在抗击新冠肺炎中做出突出贡献的人授予国家勋章和荣誉称号。根据时间状语on Tuesday 和后文was awarded可知, 空处谓语动词需用一般过去时, 表示过去发生的事情; sign的过去式为signed。故填signed。2. to。考查介词。句意: 周二, 国家主席习近平签署了主席令, 为四名在抗击新冠肺炎中做出突出贡献的人
31、授予国家勋章和荣誉称号。contributions to“对的贡献”, 是固定搭配, 故填to。3. an。考查冠词。句意: 钟南山, 一位优秀的疾病专家, 以其在中国抗击新冠肺炎中的杰出工作而被授予共和国勋章, 国家的最高荣誉。expert是可数名词, 此处泛指“一位优秀的疾病专家”, 应使用不定冠词, 且excellent发音是以元音音素开头, 故填an。4. traditional。考查形容词。句意: 他们是张伯礼, 一位传统中医专家; 张定宇, 湖北金银潭医院院长; 还有陈薇, 一位医疗科学家, 她在新冠肺炎相关的基础研究中取得重大成就。此处应填一个形容词作定语, 修饰名词expert
32、; tradition的形容词traditional“传统的”, 符合题意。故填traditional。5. who/that。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, 空处引导一个定语从句, 先行词是scientist, 指人, 关系词在从句中作主语, 可使用关系代词who或that引导定语从句, 故填who/that。6. treatment。考查名词。句意: 钟南山也长期致力于主要传染病和慢性呼吸道疾病的研究、防治和治疗中, 并且取得了很多成就。此处和“research, prevention”并列作介词to的宾语, 应使用名词形式, treatment意为“治疗”, 是不可数名词, 故填tre
33、atment。7. achievements。考查名词复数。此处使用名词作介词of的宾语, achievement意为“成就”, 用作可数名词, 根据a long record of可知此处应使用复数形式, 故填achievements。8. to contain。考查非谓语动词。句意: 新冠肺炎爆发之后, 中国政府鼓励全国控制武汉的疫情。encourage sb. /sth. to do sth. 意为“鼓励某人/某物做某事”, 是固定搭配, 此处动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to contain。9. were sent。考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意: 超过42000位来自全国的医疗工作者被派往湖北与疾病作斗争。此处是讲述过去的事情, 且动词send和主语More than 42, 000 medical workers之间是被动关系, 所以使用一般过去时的被动语态, 主语是名词复数, 故填were sent。10. effectively。考查副词。句意: 3月初以来, 中国大陆的疫情得到有效控制。此处修饰动词placed, 应使用副词形式, effective的副词为effectively意为“有效地”。故填effectively。第16页（共16页）
