1、第一章第 1 节 反应热第 3 课时 热化学反应方程式 燃烧热【随堂检测】1.( (“”(1)( 101 kPa(1 mol(燃烧(热(燃烧热( ()(2)1 mol H2(燃烧( 1 mol(时(热( H2(燃烧热( ()(3)(燃烧热(热化学方程式( ()(4)燃烧热(反应(燃( ()(5)(燃烧热( (H( 0()2 ( ()A (热化学方程式时(化学方程式(热(B (热(燃(反应(热反应C (反应(热(化学方程式(热化学方程式D (燃烧(热化学方程式( 2H2(g)(O2(g)= = =2H2O(l)(H(571.6 kJ3(2020() ( 25 (101 kPa(1 g C8H18
2、( () (燃烧(化(时( 48.4 kJ 热(反应(热化学方程式( ()A (C8H18(l)(O2(g)= = =8CO2(g)(9H2O(g)(H(48.4 kJmol(12 52B (C8H18(l)(O2(g)= = =8CO2(g)(9H2O(l)(H(5 517.6 kJmol(12 52C (C8H18(l)(O2(g)= = =8CO2(g)(9H2O(l)(H(5 517.6 kJmol(12 52进阶检测step by stepD (C8H18(l)(O2(g)= = =8CO2(g)(9H2O(l)(H(48.4 kJmol(12 524 (2020() ( H(aq)
3、(OH(aq)= = =H2O(l)(H(57.3 kJmol(1( ()A.(反应B (反应(C (反应(热化学方程式(D (反应( 1 mol(时( 57.3 kJ 热(5 (燃(燃烧时( 1 kg (燃烧(热( 62 700 kJ(燃烧(热化学方程式( ( 9)()A (Be( O2= = =BeO(H(564.3 kJmol(112B (Be(s)( O2(g)= = =BeO(s)(H(564.3 kJmol(112C (Be(s)( O2(g)= = =BeO(s)(H(564.3 kJmol(112D (Be(s)( O2(g)= = =BeO(g)(H(564.3 kJmol(
4、1126 (应(热化学方程式(1)11.2 L()H2( Cl2(燃烧( HCl( 91.5 kJ 热(热化学方程式( _(2)( 1 mol C(s)( H2O(g)反应( CO(g)( H2(g)( 131.3 kJ 热(反应(热化学方程式(_(3)1.7 g NH3(g)(化(化反应( 22.67 kJ (热(热化学方程式( _(4)(N2(g)(3H2(3(g)(H(92 kJmol(1( 1 mol NH3(应(热化学方程式(_( 1 mol N2(g)( 3 mol H2(g)(反应(热(_92 kJ(“(”“(”(“(”) (_(【基础再现】1 (热化学方程式 C(s)(H2O(
5、g)= = =CO(g)(H2(g)(H(131.3 kJmol(1( ()A (反应( 131.3 kJ (B (1 mol( 1 mol(反应( 1 mol(化( 1 mol( 131.3 kJ 热(C (1 mol( 1 mol(反应( 1 mol(化( 1 mol(热( 131.3 kJD (1 ( 1 (反应(热 131.3 kJ3(2020() (热化学反应( ()A ( H(aq)(OH(aq)= = =H2O(l)(H(57.3 kJmol(1( H2SO4( Ba(OH)2反应(反应热( (H(2(57.3) kJmol(1B (燃(化(热化学方程式( CH3OH(g)( O
6、2(g)= = =CO2(g)(2H2(g)(12(H(192.9 kJmol(1( CH3OH(g)(燃烧热( 192.9 kJmol(1C ( 2H2O(g)= = =2H2(g)(O2(g)(H(484 kJmol(1( H2(g)(燃烧热( 242 kJmol(1D (燃烧热( 2 800 kJmol(1( C6H12O6(s)(3O2(g)= = =3CO2(g)(3H2O(l)(H(12(1 400 kJmol(14 (Na2CO3(aq)(反应(程(化( ()A (H2CO3(aq)= = =CO2(g)(H2O(l)(热反应B (CO (aq)( H(aq)= = =HCO(a
7、q)(H(a kJmol(12 (3( 3C (HCO (aq)(H(aq)= = =CO2(g)(H2O(l)(H(c(b) kJmol(1( 3D (CO (aq)(2H(aq)= = =CO2(g)(H2O(l)(H(a(b(c) kJmol(12 (35 (25 (101 kPa(燃烧热( (H(393.5 kJmol(1(H(285.8 kJmol(1(H(890.3 kJmol(1(H(2 800 kJmol(1(热化学方程式( ()A (C(s)( O2(g)= = =CO(g)(H(393.5 kJmol(112B (2H2(g)(O2(g)= = =2H2O(g)(H(571
8、.6 kJmol(1C (CH4(g)(2O2(g)= = =CO2(g)(2H2O(g)(H(890.3 kJmol(1D. C6H12O6(s)(3O2(g)= = =3CO2(g)(3H2O(l)(H(1 400 kJmol(1126 (反应(热化学方程式(1)( 25 (101 kPa(1 g (CH3OH)(燃烧( CO2(时(热 22.68 kJ(燃烧热(热化学方程式(_(2)化( AX3( X2(反应(化( AX5( AX3(93.6 ( 76 (AX5( 167 (时 AX3( X2反应( 1 mol AX5(热(123.8 kJ(反应(热化学方程式(_(3)(化学(化学(CH
9、CFHFFF(/kJmol(1414489565155( CH4(g)( F2(g)反应( CF4(g)( HF(g)(热化学方程式( (【能力提升】1 ( 2 H2( g ) (O2( g ) = = = 2 H2O ( l ) (H(5 7 1 . 6 k J m o l(1(C O ( g ) ( O2( g ) = = = C O2( g ) (12(H(2 8 2 . 9 k J m o l(1( H2( CO (燃烧时( 113.74 kJ 热(时( 3.6 g ( H2( CO ( ()A ( B ( C ( D (33(H(aq)(OH(aq)= = =H2O(l)(H1(57
10、.3 kJmol(1( H2SO4( (aq)(NaOH(aq)12= = =Na2SO4(aq)(H2O(l)(H2(m kJmol(1( ()12A (热化学方程式(化学( B (H1(H2C (H2(57.3 kJmol(1 D (H1(H2|3(燃烧(热化学方程式(H2(g)( O2(g)= = =H2O(g)(H(a kJmol(1122H2(g)(O2(g)= = =2H2O(l)(H(b kJmol(1(|b| (b() (1)( 2 mol H2(g)(燃烧(热(_(“”“”“” (“(”)b(3)( H2(g)( O2(g)= = =H2O(g)(H(242 kJmol(1(
11、 1 mol O = =O (12时(热( 496 kJ( 1 mol H O (时(热( 463 kJ( 1 mol H H (时(热(_(4 (热化学方程式(2H2(g)(O2(g)= = =2H2O(l)(H(571.6 kJmol(1C3H8(g)(5O2(g)= = =3CO2(g)(4H2O(l)(H(2 220 kJmol(1(热化学方程式(1)H2(燃烧热(_(C3H8(燃烧热(_(2)1 mol H2( 2 mol C3H8(燃烧(热(_(3)( H2( C3H8( 5 mol(燃烧时(热 3 846.75 kJ( H2(C3H8(_(5 (1)( 25 (101 kPa(1
12、6 g (CH3OH)(燃烧( CO2(时( 352 kJ (热(燃烧(热化学方程式( (2)化学反应(热( (H) (反应(E) (H2(g)(Cl2(g)= = =2HCl(g)(H(185 kJmol(1E(HH)(436 kJmol(1 E(ClCl)(243 kJmol(1(E(HCl)( (3)2SO2(g)(O2(g)= = =2SO3(g)反应(程(化( 1 mol SO2(g)(化( 1 mol SO3(g)( (H(99 kJmol(1( A (C ( ( (E(反应(反应热( ( (H( kJmol(1第一章第 1 节 反应热第 3 课时 热化学反应方程式 燃烧热【随堂检
13、测】1.! !“”(1)! 101 kPa!1 mol!燃烧!热!燃烧热( !)(2)1 mol H2!燃烧! 1 mol!时!热! H2!燃烧热( !)(3)!燃烧热!热化学方程式!( !)(4)燃烧热!反应!燃!( !)(5)!燃烧热! !H! 0(!)!(1)!(2)!(3)!(4)!2 !( !)A !热化学方程式时!化学方程式!热!B !热!燃!反应!热反应C !反应!热!化学方程式!热化学方程式D !燃烧!热化学方程式! 2H2(g)!O2(g)= = =2H2O(l)!H!571.6 kJ!C!热化学方程式!应!A !热反应!燃!热时!B!H!应! kJmol!1!D !3!(2
14、020!) ! 25 !101 kPa!1 g C8H18( !) !燃烧!化!时! 48.4 kJ 热!反应!热化学方程式!( !)A !C8H18(l)!O2(g)= = =8CO2(g)!9H2O(g)!H!48.4 kJmol!12 52B !C8H18(l)!O2(g)= = =8CO2(g)!9H2O(l)!H!5 517.6 kJmol!12 52C !C8H18(l)!O2(g)= = =8CO2(g)!9H2O(l)!H!5 517.6 kJmol!12 52进阶检测step by stepD !C8H18(l)!O2(g)= = =8CO2(g)!9H2O(l)!H!48.
15、4 kJmol!12 52!B!C8H18( !) ! 114 gmol!1! 1 mol C8H18( !) !燃烧!化!时! 5 517.6 kJ 热!4 !(2020!) ! H!(aq)!OH!(aq)= = =H2O(l)!H!57.3 kJmol!1!( !)A. !反应B !反应!C !反应!热化学方程式!D !反应! 1 mol!时! 57.3 kJ 热!D!式!热! 1 mol!时!热!57.3 kJ!A !热化学方程式!反应!反应!化!反应! B !热化学方程式!反应!化!反应! C!H!(aq)!OH!(aq)= = =H2O(l)!H!57.3 kJmol!1!反应!
16、1 mol !时! 57.3 kJ 热! D !5 !燃!燃烧时! 1 kg !燃烧!热! 62 700 kJ!燃烧!热化学方程式!( !9)(!)A !Be! O2= = =BeO!H!564.3 kJmol!112B !Be(s)! O2(g)= = =BeO(s)!H!564.3 kJmol!112C !Be(s)! O2(g)= = =BeO(s)!H!564.3 kJmol!112D !Be(s)! O2(g)= = =BeO(g)!H!564.3 kJmol!112!C!1 kg Be ! mol! 1 kg Be !燃烧!热! 62 700 1 0 0 0 g9 g m o l
17、!11 0 0 09kJ! 1 mol Be !燃烧!热! kJ!564.3 kJ!Be ! O2反应! BeO!热化学方程6 2 7 0 01 0 0 09式! Be(s)! O2(g)= = =BeO(s)!H!564.3 kJmol!1!126 !应!热化学方程式!(1)11.2 L(!)H2! Cl2!燃烧! HCl! 91.5 kJ 热!热化学方程式! _!(2)! 1 mol C(!s)! H2O(g)反应! CO(g)! H2(g)! 131.3 kJ 热!反应!热化学方程式!_!(3)1.7 g NH3(g)!化!化反应! 22.67 kJ !热!热化学方程式! _!(4)!N
18、2(g)!3H2!3(g)!H!92 kJmol!1! 1 mol NH3!应!热化学方程式!_! 1 mol N2(g)! 3 mol H2(g)!反应!热!_92 kJ(!“!” “!”!“!”) !_!(1)H2(g)!Cl2(g)= = =2HCl(g)!H!183 kJmol!1(2)C(!s)!H2O(g)= = =CO(g)!H2(g)!H!131.3 kJmol!1(3)NH3(g)! O2(g)= = =NO(g)! H2O(g)!H!226.7 kJmol!15432(4)NH3!N2(g)! H2(g)!H!46 kJmol!1!反应!反应!1232【基础再现】1 !热化
19、学方程式 C(s)!H2O(g)= = =CO(g)!H2(g)!H!131.3 kJmol!1!( !)A !反应! 131.3 kJ !B !1 mol! 1 mol!反应! 1 mol!化! 1 mol! 131.3 kJ 热!C !1 mol! 1 mol!反应! 1 mol!化! 1 mol!热! 131.3 kJD !1 ! 1 !反应!热 131.3 kJ!C!反应热!反应热!热化学方程式!化学!反应时!热! kJmol!1!热化学方程式!1 mol! 1 mol!反应! 1 mol!化! 1 mol! 131.3 kJ !热!3!(2020!) !热化学反应!( !)A ! H
20、!(aq)!OH!(aq)= = =H2O(l)!H!57.3 kJmol!1! H2SO4! Ba(OH)2反应!反应热!H!2(!57.3) kJmol!1B !燃!化!热化学方程式! CH3OH(g)! O2(g)= = =CO2(g)!2H2(g)!12!H!192.9 kJmol!1! CH3OH(g)!燃烧热! 192.9 kJmol!1C ! 2H2O(g)= = =2H2(g)!O2(g)!H!484 kJmol!1! H2(g)!燃烧热! 242 kJmol!1D !燃烧热! 2 800 kJmol!1! C6H12O6(s)!3O2(g)= = =3CO2(g)!3H2O(
21、l)!H!12!1 400 kJmol!1!D!A ! H2SO4! Ba(OH)2反应! H! OH!反应!热! BaSO4!热!H!2(!57.3) kJmol!1!B !化!H !应! H2O(l)!C ! H2(g)! O2(g)= = =H2O(g)!H!242 kJmol!1! H2!燃烧热!D !燃烧热! 1 mol!12燃烧!热!热化学方程式! C6H12O6(s)!化学! ! !H!1 400 kJmol!1!124 !Na2CO3(aq)!反应!程!化!( !)A !H2CO3(aq)= = =CO2(g)!H2O(l)!热反应B !CO (aq)! H!(aq)= = =
22、HCO(aq)!H!a kJmol!12 !3! 3C !HCO (aq)!H!(aq)= = =CO2(g)!H2O(l)!H!(c!b) kJmol!1! 3D !CO (aq)!2H!(aq)= = =CO2(g)!H2O(l)!H!(a!b!c) kJmol!12 !3!C! H2CO3(aq)! CO2(g)!H2O(l)!H2CO3(aq)= = =CO2(g)!H2O(l)!热反应!A !CO (aq)! H!(aq)= = =HCO(aq)!H!a kJmol!1!B !HCO (aq)!H!(aq)= = =CO2(g)2 !3! 3! 3!H2O(l)!反应!热反应!H!0
23、 ! !H!(c!b) kJmol!1!C !CO (aq)!2H!(aq)= = =CO2(g)2 !3!H2O(l)!热反应!H!0 !H!(c!a!b) k J m o l!1!D !5 !25 !101 kPa!燃烧热! !H!393.5 kJmol!1!H!285.8 kJmol!1!H!890.3 kJmol!1!H!2 800 kJmol!1!热化学方程式!( !)A !C(s)! O2(g)= = =CO(g)!H!393.5 kJmol!112B !2H2(g)!O2(g)= = =2H2O(g)!H!571.6 kJmol!1C !CH4(g)!2O2(g)= = =CO2
24、(g)!2H2O(g)!H!890.3 kJmol!1D. C6H12O6(s)!3O2(g)= = =3CO2(g)!3H2O(l)!H!1 400 kJmol!112!D!燃烧热!2(g)!2O(l)! D !6 !反应!热化学方程式!(1)! 25 !101 kPa!1 g !(CH3OH)!燃烧! CO2!时!热 22.68 kJ!燃烧热!热化学方程式!_!(2)化! AX3! X2!反应!化! AX5! AX3!93.6 !76 !AX5! 167 !时 AX3! X2反应! 1 mol AX5!热! 123.8 kJ!反应!热化学方程式!_!(3)!化学!化学!CHCFHFFF!/
25、kJmol!1414489565155! CH4(g)! F2(g)反应! CF4(g)! HF(g)!热化学方程式! !(1)CH3OH(l)! O2(g)= = =CO2(g)!2H2O(l)!H!725.76 kJmol!132(2)AX3(l)!X2(g)= = =AX5(s)!H!123.8 kJmol!1 (3)CH4(g)!4F2(g)= = =CF4(g)!4HF(g) !H!1 940 kJmol!1!(1)1 mol!燃烧!化!热 725.76 kJ!燃烧热!热化学方程式! CH3OH(l)! O2(g)= = =CO2(g)!2H2O(l)!H!725.76 kJmol!
26、1!(2)! AX3!93.6 32! 76 !AX5! 167 !时!AX3!AX5! 1 mol AX5!热! 123.8 kJ!反应!热化学方程式! AX3(l)!X2(g)= = =AX5(s)!H!123.8 kJmol!1!(3)!反应!反应方程式!化学反应!反应热!化学!化学!反应!反应热 !H!414 kJmol!14 !155 kJmol!14 !489 kJmol!14 !565 kJmol!14 !1 940 kJmol!1!【能力提升】1 !2H2(g)!O2(g)= = =2H2O(l)!H!571.6 kJmol!1!CO(g)! O2(g)= = =CO2(g)!
27、H!282.9 12kJmol!1! H2! CO !燃烧时! 113.74 kJ 热!时! 3.6 g ! H2! CO!( !)A ! B ! C ! D !3!C!热化学方程式!H2!燃烧热! kJmol!1!285.8 kJmol!1!n(H2O)!5 7 1 . 62!0.2 mol!反应! H2! 0.2 mol! H2燃烧!热! 0.2 mol3. 6 g1 8 g m o l !1285.8 kJmol!1!57.16 kJ!CO 燃烧!热! 113.74 kJ!57.16 kJ!56.58 kJ!n(CO)!0.2 mol!n(H2!n(CO)!Q!| !H!C O !|5
28、6 . 5 8 k J2 8 2 . 9 k J m o l !13!H!(aq)!OH!(aq)= = =H2O(l)!H1!57.3 kJmol!1! H2SO4( !aq)!NaOH(aq)12= = =Na2SO4(aq)!H2O(l)!H2!m kJmol!1!( !)12A !热化学方程式!化学! B !H1!H2C !H2!57.3 kJmol!1 D !H1!H2|!A!热化学方程式!化学!A !热! mol H2SO4!12! 1 mol NaOH!反应时!热! 57.3 kJ! !H! !H1!H2!B !C !D !3!燃烧!热化学方程式!H2(g)! O2(g)= =
29、=H2O(g)!H!a kJmol!1122H2(g)!O2(g)= = =2H2O(l)!H!b kJmol!1!(|b| !b!) !(1)! 2 mol H2(g)!燃烧!热!_(!“”“”“” !“!”)b!(3)! H2(g)! O2(g)= = =H2O(g)!H!242 kJmol!1! 1 mol O = =O !时!热!12496 kJ! 1 mol H O !时!热! 463 kJ! 1 mol H H !时!热!_!(1)!(3)436 kJ!(1)!化!热!程! 2 mol H2(g)!燃烧!热!|b|kJ!(2)!a!b! 0 !反应!化学!时!热!热! 2ab!3!
30、H!化学!化学! 1 mol H H 时!热!x kJ!242!x!496!4632!x!436!124 !热化学方程式!2H2(g)!O2(g)= = =2H2O(l)!H!571.6 kJmol!1C3H8(g)!5O2(g)= = =3CO2(g)!4H2O(l)!H!2 220 kJmol!1!热化学方程式!(1)H2!燃烧热!_!C3H8!燃烧热!_!(2)1 mol H2! 2 mol C3H8!燃烧!热!_!(3)! H2! C3H8! 5 mol!燃烧时!热 3 846.75 kJ! H2! C3H8!_!(1)285.8 kJmol!1!2 220 kJmol!1!(2)4
31、725.8 kJ!3!3!(1)!燃烧热! H2!C3H8!燃烧热! 285.8 kJmol!1!2 220 kJmol!1!(2)!燃烧!式!Q!1 mol285.8 kJmol!1!2 mol2 220 kJmol!1!4 725.8 kJ!(3)! H2!C3H8!n1!n2!Error!Error!n1! mol!n2! mol!p!T时!V(H2!V(C3H8) !n(H2!n(C3H8) !3! !1 54545 !(1)! 25 !101 kPa!16 g !(CH3OH)!燃烧! CO2!时! 352 kJ !热!燃烧!热化学方程式! !(2)化学反应!热!( !H) !反应!
32、(E) !H2(g)!Cl2(g)= = =2HCl(g)!H!185 kJmol!1E(HH)!436 kJmol!1 E(ClCl)!243 kJmol!1!E(HCl)! !(3)2SO2(g)!O2(g)= = =2SO3(g)反应!程!化! 1 mol SO2(g)!化! 1 mol SO3(g)! !H!99 kJmol!1! A !C ! ! !E!反应!反应热! ! !H! kJmol!1!(1)2CH3OH(l)!3O2(g)= = =2CO2(g)!4H2O(l)!H!1 408 kJmol!1!(2)432 kJmol!1!3!反应!198!(1)16 g ! 0.5 mol!燃烧!热! 352 kJ!燃烧!热化学方程式!2CH3OH(l)!3O2(g)= = =2CO2(g)!4H2O(l)!H!352 kJmol!14 !1 408 kJmol!1!(2)! !H!436 kJmol!1!243 kJmol!1!2E(HCl)!185 kJmol!1!E(HCl)!432 kJmol!1!3!A !反应!C !E! A !C !E!反应!反应热!H!应 2 mol SO2(g)!化! 2 mol SO3(g)! 2(!99 kJmol!1) !198 kJmol!1!
