1、Unit 3 Food and cultureReading and thinkingWork in groups. Discuss the questions.1. How many kinds of Chinese cuisine are there, and how can these cuisines be described?2. What, if anything, do these cuisines tell you about the people who eat them?Lead inconsist v. 组成；构成1. A healthy diet should cons
2、ist of wholefood. 健康饮食应由全天然食物构成。2. The atmosphere consist of more than 70 % of nitrogen. 大气中含有70%以上的氮气。【词义辨析】consist of 由组成 Language pointcompose, comprise, consist, constitute 这些动词均含这些动词均含组成，构成组成，构成之意。之意。compose : 正式用词，多用被动态。指将两个或两个以上的人或物放到一起形成一个整体。comprise : 正式用词，指整体是由几个独立的部分所组成。consist 与of连用，指一个整
3、体由几个部分组成，或由某些材料构成。constitute : 正式用词，指由某些部分组成一个整体或构成某物的基本成分。在句中，主语表事物的组成部分，宾语表示事物的整体。 prior adj. 先前的；优先的先前的；优先的1. Prior to his Japan trip, he went to New York. 在去日本之前，他去了纽约。2. He claimed he had no prior knowledge of the protest. 他声称自己事先并不知道这次抗议的事。【拓展】prior to 在之前previous, foregoing, preceding, prior,
4、 former 这些形容词均可表示这些形容词均可表示在前的在前的之意。之意。previous : 指时间上、顺序上较早的，或指正在谈论的某事的前一个。foregoing : 指前所述的，是following的反义词。preceding : 特指时间和地位上紧接在前。prior与previous同义，常可换用，但prior有时强调更大的重要性，对比意味强。former系latter的反义词，比prior更着重对比。stuff v. 填满填满 n. 物品物品1. Will you stuff the turkey and shove it in the oven for me? 你能帮我把填料塞进
5、火鸡里，然后把它放进烤箱吗？2. Id like some coffee, and I dont object to the powdered stuff if its all youve got. 我想要点咖啡，如果你们只有粉状的东西，我也不反对。【拓展】stuff with用把堵住；用装/填/塞 material, matter, substance, stuff 这些名词均含这些名词均含物质，东西物质，东西之意。之意。material : 通常指组成客观存在物的部分或其原料。matter : 通常指构成实物的物质，与精神相对立。在科学上，指占有空间，并能以某种方式被感官觉察的一切东西。s
6、ubstance : 多指某一种形式的物质，既可指元素也可指化合物。stuff : 多用于日常生活中，非正式用词。常指构成整体的所有部分、物体或项目。有时指劣等材料，含轻蔑意味。Content2. The first paragraph has a quote: You are what you eat in pairs, discuss what you think this saying means. Then read the article to see if you share the same ideas as the author.CULTURE AND CUISINEThe F
7、rench author Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin once wrote, “Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what you are.” Put more simply, this means “You are what you eat.” Most people today relate this saying to healthy eating. However, Brillat-Savarin was actually referring to our personality, character,
8、and culture.Certainly, in many ways this seems to be true. Chinese cuisine is a case in point. Prior to coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes. For example, Americas most popular Chinese dish is General
9、 Tsos chicken, which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavouredwith hot red peppers. This is probably not an authentic Chinese recipe, however, so it cannot tell us much about the Chinese. On the other hand, it does tell us a lot about Americans. It tells us, for example, that Ame
10、ricans love bold, simple flavours. And, since the dish was also invented recently, it tells as that Americans are not afraid to try new foods. Later, I had a chance to experience authentic Chinese food by coming to China. When my family and I had just arrived in China, we went looking for a good pla
11、ce to eat in Beijing. A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to us by a friend, and finally, we found it. Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling ourtable with the best food we had ever eaten. With this, we had the pleasure of
12、experiencing an entirely new taste: Sichuan peppercorns. The food was wonderful and different, but what was even more important. was the friendship offered us. We soon moved to Shandong Province in the eastern part of North China. My favourite dish there was boiled dumplings served with vinegar. I o
13、bserved that family is important to the people there. It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in North China, where making dumplings has always been a family affair with everyone-from the youngest to the oldest-joining in to help. Later, I learnt that the most famous food in Shandon
14、g is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions. Then we moved to northern Xinjiang. Some of our friends were Kazak and Inner Mongolian. These groups traditionally wandered the open range on horses. As a result, their traditional foods are what you can cook over an open fire-usually boil
15、ed or roasted meat, such as lamb kebab.Our travels then took us to South China, and then on to central China. In each place we went, we experienced wonderful local dishes, from Guangdongs elegant dim sum-small servings of food in bamboo steamers-to the exceptional stewed noodles in Henan. Everywhere
16、, the food was as varied as the people. However, one thing is always true: Through food, Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness. At a minimum, the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead, and what they like and do not l
17、ike. Could we also say, for example, that those who like bold flavours are bold themselves? Or, that those who like spicy food tend to have a hot temper? Maybe. Maybe not. What we can say, however, is that culture and cuisine go hand in hand, and if you do not experience one, you can never really kn
18、ow the other.3. Use the information from the text to complete the table below.Place kind of Chinese food Typical dish People or culture America Beijing Shandong Northwest China South ChinaCentral China General Tsos chickenSichuan PeppercornPancake rollsBoiled or roasted meatFriendship and kindnessEl
19、egant dim sumStewed noodlesMatch the causes to the effects below. Then find more examples from the text.Cause1. The flavour preferences of Americans often differ from those of the Chinese.2. We had no idea how to order food.3. These groups traditionally wandered the open range on horses.EffectA The
20、chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.B Their traditional foods are what you can cook over an open fire.C Chinese food in America is changed to suit American tastes.ACB5. Discuss the following questions in groups.1 Do you think culture and cuisine go hand in hand? Gi
21、ve your reasons.2 Imagine that it is true that peoples personalities are closely linked to the foods they eat. What does eating the following foods tell you about a person?spicy food vegetarian food junk food seafood sweets chocolate rice noodles onion garlic bacon ham sausage cabbage mushroom bean curdspicy food vegetarian food junk food seafood sweets chocolate rice noodles onion garlic bacon ham sausage cabbage mushroom bean curdBye-bye!
