1、Discovering Useful Structure P18新人教版新人教版Book 3 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues1. Read the sentences below and pay attention to the underlined parts.1. her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees.1. thinkingadverbial2. thinkingadverbial3. playingobject complement 4. ridingobject complement 2.
2、 Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic.3. The new Peoples Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. 4. At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villiage to provide medical care.GrammarThe ing form as the adverbial and the object
3、complement1.1.-ing-ing形式作状语时形式作状语时, , 分词的逻辑主语必须是分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语句子的主语, , 分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系上的主谓关系, , 否则不能用现在分词作状语。否则不能用现在分词作状语。但要注意它的各种形式变化但要注意它的各种形式变化: : -ing-ing形式作状语形式作状语主动形式主动形式被动形式被动形式一般式一般式V-ingbeing V-ed完成式完成式having V-edhaving been V-ed例句：1) Hearing the bell, the students began
4、 to enter the classroom. 听见铃声, 学生们开始走进教室。( (听见和进入两个动作都是主语发出并且同时发生听见和进入两个动作都是主语发出并且同时发生) )Can you come up with more examples?2) The building being built now is our new library. 现在正在建造的这栋楼是我们的新图书馆。(being built为现在分词的被动形式为现在分词的被动形式, 表示动作正在进行之中表示动作正在进行之中)2.2.-ing-ing形式在句中作状语形式在句中作状语, , 修饰谓语动词或整个句子修饰谓语动词或
5、整个句子, , 表示动作发生的原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随表示动作发生的原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在分词一般不用作目的状语状况等。现在分词一般不用作目的状语( (通常不定式用作通常不定式用作目的状语目的状语) )。时间状语方式状语原因状语结果状语伴随状语条件状语状语例句例句: Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.(=When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.)我走在街上的时候，碰见了一位老朋友
6、。我走在街上的时候，碰见了一位老朋友。 While waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.(=While he was waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.)他在等公交车的时候，读了一份他在等公交车的时候，读了一份中国日报。1)1)表时间状语表时间状语Discuss with your deskmate about more examples.2)2)表原因状语表原因状语 Being a student, you should study hard.(=Since
7、you are a student, you should study hard.)因为你是一个学生因为你是一个学生, , 你就应该努力学习你就应该努力学习例句：例句： Being ill, he didnt go to school.(=As he was ill, he didnt go to school.)因为他生病了，所以他没有去学校。因为他生病了，所以他没有去学校。Write some sentences that contain -ing form.3)3)表方式、伴随状语表方式、伴随状语例句例句: He sat on the sofa, watching TV.(=He sat
8、 on the sofa, and watched TV.)他坐在沙发上看电视。他坐在沙发上看电视。 Laughing and talking, they went into the classroom. (=They laughed and talked and went into the classcroom.)他们笑着聊着走进了教室。他们笑着聊着走进了教室。 He stood leaning against the wall.(He stood and leaned against the wall.)他靠墙站着。他靠墙站着。-ing表伴随状语表伴随状语-ing表方式状语表方式状语4)
9、4) 表结果状语：表结果状语：例句：例句： Her mother died in 1990, leaving her with her younger brother. (=Her mother died in 1990, and left her with her younger brother.) 她的妈妈在她的妈妈在19901990年去世了，留下她和她年幼的弟弟。年去世了，留下她和她年幼的弟弟。 The song is sung all over the country,making it the most popular song. (=The song is sung all ove
10、r the country, which makes it the most popular song.)整个国家都在传唱这首歌曲，使得它成为了最受欢迎的歌曲。整个国家都在传唱这首歌曲，使得它成为了最受欢迎的歌曲。Pay attention to the following sentences and write some LONG sentences by yourself.5) 5) 表条件状语表条件状语: :例句例句: Using your head, you will find a way. (=If you use your head, you will find a way.)动动
11、脑筋，你就会找到方法。动动脑筋，你就会找到方法。 Walking ahead, you will see a white house.(=If you walk ahead, you will see a white house.)往前走，你将会看见一所白色的往前走，你将会看见一所白色的房子。房子。Work in small groups and talk about -ing form as the adverbial.6)6)与逻辑主语构成独立主格与逻辑主语构成独立主格Work in groups and try to figure out what is “Absolute Constr
12、uction”例句例句: I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head我等汽车时我等汽车时,一只鸟落到了我头上。一只鸟落到了我头上。 All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已经卖光了所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了。他们失望地离开了。 Time permitting, well do another two exercises. 如果时间允许如果时间允许, 我们将做另外两个练习。我们将做另外两个练习。7)7)作独立成分作独立成分例句：例句
13、： Judging from (by) his appearance, he must be an actor. 从外表看从外表看, , 他一定是个演员。他一定是个演员。 Generally speaking, people like colour TV sets rather than white black ones.一般来说，相比于黑白电视机，人们更喜欢彩色电视机。一般来说，相比于黑白电视机，人们更喜欢彩色电视机。- -inging形式作形式作宾语补足语宾语补足语1. 1. 动词动词-ing-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面, , 表示表示一个正在进行地
14、主动性的动作一个正在进行地主动性的动作, , 强调一个过程或一种强调一个过程或一种状态。状态。-ing-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语例句：例句：1) When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance. 当我们回到学校时当我们回到学校时, ,发现一个陌生人站在入口处。发现一个陌生人站在入口处。2) The boss kept the workers working the whole night. 那老板让工人整夜地工作。那老板让工人整夜地工作。例句：例句：1) They found
15、 the result very satisfying. = The result is found very satisfying. 这个结果很令人满意。这个结果很令人满意。2) They heard him singing in the next room. = He was heard singing in the next room. 有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。3) We mustnt keep them waiting. = They mustnt be kept waiting. 一定不能让他们等。一定不能让他们等。宾语补足语宾语补足语宾语补足语宾语补足语
16、宾语补足语宾语补足语主语补足语主语补足语主语补足语主语补足语主语补足语主语补足语2.2.当主句转换为被动结构时当主句转换为被动结构时, ,作宾语补足语的动词作宾语补足语的动词-ing-ing形式将转换为主语补足语。形式将转换为主语补足语。1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词表示感觉和心理状态的动词, , 常见的有常见的有see, hear, feel,smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等等。例句：例句： We saw a light burning near the window. 我们看见窗户旁边有一根蜡烛在燃烧。我们看见窗户旁边有一根
17、蜡烛在燃烧。 I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder. 我感觉有人在拍我的肩膀我感觉有人在拍我的肩膀。 As he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously.当他讲话的时候，他注意到每个人都在好奇地看着他。当他讲话的时候，他注意到每个人都在好奇地看着他。 Listen to the birds singing. 听鸟儿在歌唱。听鸟儿在歌唱。 I didnt notice him waiting. 我没有注意到他在等。我没有注意到他在等。Find out more words like
18、 the underlined ones.3. 可以接可以接-ing-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词。形式作宾语补足语的几类动词。例句：例句： I wont have you doing that stupid thing. 我不让你干那件蠢事。我不让你干那件蠢事。 This set me thinking. 这让我开始思考。这让我开始思考。 Im sorry to have kept you waiting. 很抱歉让你一直等着。很抱歉让你一直等着。 I cant get the clock going again. 我修不好这个钟表。我修不好这个钟表。 You wont catch me
19、 being late for school again. 你不会再次抓到我迟到的。你不会再次抓到我迟到的。Pay attention to the underlined words and find more.2)表示指使意义的动词表示指使意义的动词, 常见的有常见的有 have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。等。2. Complete the sentences with correct forms of verbs in the box.HearingworryingwantingknockingFacingReturningsmilingFeeling3
20、. Read the following story and rewrite the underlined parts using the -ing form.Henry Norman Bethune was a Canadian doctor with a very creative mind and a determination to help people. As a small boy, he became very interested in medicine and decided to become a doctor. After he graduated from medic
21、al college in 1916, Bethune worked as a doctor in England. the US, and Canada. He reinvented or redesigned over 10 medical instruments to make them more useful. In 1938, Bethune deciding to become a doctorRewrite the underlined parts using the -ing form.left for China, after he heard that many peopl
22、e were dying in the war. Despite the difficult situation. Dr Bethune did whatever he could to assist the Chinese people. He helped to organise hospitals, taught doctors and nurses, and showed people how to give first aid. Sadly, Dr Bethune passed away in November the following year and was buried in
23、 after hearing that many people were dying in the warHelping to organise hosptitals, he taught doctors and nurses,and showed people how to give fist aid.Rewrite the underlined parts using the -ing form.Shijiazhuang. After Dr Bethunes death, Chairman Mao Zedong wrote an article in memory of him, in w
24、hich he praised Dr Bethune as a hero to be remembered in China.praising Dr Bethune as a hero to be remembered in China.1) She was offered the _(lead) role in the new film.2) Seeing the sun _(rise) above the surface of the sea, all of us began to take photos. 3) As the stone was too heavy to move, I
25、left it _ (lie) on the ground.4) Havent you seen the sign, _ (read) “NO PHOTOS”?Im really sorry I didnt.5) The comments which he made _ (concern) marketing bothered his boss greatly.1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of each given word.leading rising lying reading concerning 1) I cant imagi
26、ne Billy _ a motorbike.2) Did you hear someone downstairs _ at the door?3) Frank is very good at telling funny jokes. He can be very _. 4) You cant stop me _ what I want. 2. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.astonish, depress, play, do, ride, amuse, knockridingknockingamusingdoingNe
27、xt page5) You may find it _ that he made progress in such a short time.6) Most people consider it _ that it keeps raining for a whole week.7) When I came out of the theatre, I noticed a group of children _ musical instruments across the street.astonishingdepressingplayingMore exercises1) A cook will
28、 be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked2) The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year. A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry outB C 3. Choose the correct answers.More.3) I can hardly imagine Pet
29、er _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A. sail B. to sail C. sailing D. to have sailed4) When we got back from the cinema, we found the lamp_ but the door _. A. being on; shutB. burning; shutting C. burning; shut D. on; shuttingC C Next page. 5) There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of
30、 light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed6) Tell Mary that theres someone _ for her at the door. A. waiting B. waited C. waits D. to wait7) The _ waiter came up to us and said, “You are welcome.”A. smiling B. smiled C. smile D. to smileB A A Not finished yet.8) The result
31、of the test was rather _. A. disappointed B. disappointing C. being disappointed D. disappoint9) People _ in the city do not know the pleasure of country life. A. live B. to live C. lived D. living10) The librarys study room is full of students _ for the exam. A. busily prepared B. busy preparing C. busily prepare D. are busily preparingB D B
