1、 1. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, 青蒿青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分，素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分， vital adj. extremely important and necessary for something to succeed or exist 必不可少必不可少的的; 极其重要的极其重要的; 充满生机充满生机的的 eg Regular exercise is vital for your health. 经常经常锻炼对健康非常重要。锻炼对健康非常重要。 【归纳归纳】 be vi
2、tal to/for 对对是至关重要的是至关重要的 be of vital importance 至关重要至关重要 Its vital to do sth. 做某事很重要做某事很重要 Its vital that (should) do 是十分重要的是十分重要的 play a vital role in 在在中起极其重要的作用中起极其重要的作用 eg This matter is of vital importance to us. 这这件事对我们来说至关重要。件事对我们来说至关重要。 Richardson played a vital role in the teams success. R
3、ichardson对球队对球队的成功起了极重要的作用。的成功起了极重要的作用。 It is vital that the patient (should) take in enough nutrition every day. 病人病人每天吸收足够的营养是极其重要的。每天吸收足够的营养是极其重要的。 【点津点津】 vital为形容词为形容词, 相当于相当于important。在。在It is vital that句型中句型中, that从句常用虚拟语气从句常用虚拟语气, 其谓语构成为其谓语构成为“should+动词原形动词原形”, 其中其中should可以省略。可以省略。 【语境应用语境应用】
4、完成句子。完成句子。 1) Most importantly, its vital that _ (你要注意餐桌礼仪你要注意餐桌礼仪). 2) Knowing about the history and culture of Tianjin _(至关重要至关重要) for me to become a good volunteer. 3) Understanding history is _(重要的重要的) to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation. is of vital importance you should mind
5、 your table manners vital 2. Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930 屠呦呦屠呦呦，这位尽职尽责、锲而不舍的科学家，这位尽职尽责、锲而不舍的科学家1930年年12月月30日日 出生于中国宁波出生于中国宁波 committed adj. willing to work very hard at something 尽心尽尽心尽 力力的，坚定的，坚信的，坚定的，坚信的的 a committed scientist 一位坚定的一
6、位坚定的科学家科学家 commit vt. to say that someone will definitely do something or must do something 承诺承诺，保证保证(某个人、机构等某个人、机构等) commit sb. / oneself to (doing) sth. 承诺；保证做某事承诺；保证做某事 eg The president is committed to improving health care. Both sides committed themselves to settling the problem peacefully. vi.
7、忠于忠于；全心全意投入（工作、活动等）；全心全意投入（工作、活动等） eg Anna wants to get married, but Bobs not sure he wants to commit. commit vt. 干干（错事，坏事），（错事，坏事），犯罪犯罪 eg The murder was committed on New Years Eve. vt. 投入投入（时间、钱、人力等（时间、钱、人力等） eg They called on Western nations to commit more money to the poorest nations. 【语境应用语境应用】
8、完成句子。完成句子。 1) When taken to the police station for questioning, the man said, “I have never _ _ _ (犯任何罪犯任何罪).” 2) She has _ _ _ _ _ (答答 应去应去) the doctors at once. 3) He was a _ (commit) internationalist in foreign policy. committed committed any crime committed herself to go / going to 3. In 1967, t
9、he Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen. 1967年，中国政府成立了一支科学家团队，旨在发现新型抗年，中国政府成立了一支科学家团队，旨在发现新型抗 疟疾疗法，屠呦呦入选首批研究人员。疟疾疗法，屠呦呦入选首批研究人员。 with the objective (/ aim / purpose / goal) o
10、f目的目的是是 在在句中作句中作状语状语 eg In 1904, he went to Japan and became a medical student, with the objective of improving peoples health and saving lives. 1904年，他去了日本，成为一名医科学生，目的是改善人们年，他去了日本，成为一名医科学生，目的是改善人们 的健康，挽救生命。的健康，挽救生命。 He tried a second time with the aim of being chosen. 他他又试了第二回，希望能被选上。又试了第二回，希望能被选上。
11、 He came here with the purpose of carrying out an important task. 他他来这里是为了执行一项重要的任务。来这里是为了执行一项重要的任务。 4. Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties. 她的她的团队研读了团队研读了2000多篇（个）中医药古籍（古方），评估多篇（个）中医药古籍（古方），评估 了了28万种植物的药学属性。万种植物的药学属性。 evaluate vt
12、. to judge how good, useful, or successful something is 评价评价，评估，评估 eg You should be able to evaluate your own work. 你你应该能够对自己的工作进行评估应该能够对自己的工作进行评估。 【拓展拓展】evaluation n. 评估，估算评估，估算 【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。 1) It can be difficult _ (evaluate) the effectiveness of different treatments. 2) He does this by _
13、(evaluate) the strength of the evidence for each category. 3) We need to carry out a proper _ (evaluate) of the new system. to evaluate evaluating evaluation 5. They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria, but this did not work either. 之后，他们尝试水煎新鲜
14、青蒿叶，用熬出的液体治疗疟疾，之后，他们尝试水煎新鲜青蒿叶，用熬出的液体治疗疟疾， 但是依旧无效。但是依旧无效。 obtain vt. to get something that you want, especially through your own effort, skill, or work (尤指经努力尤指经努力)获得；赢得获得；赢得 vi. (规章、习俗等规章、习俗等)存在；流行存在；流行 eg Further information can be obtained from head office. 详细资料详细资料可从总部获取。可从总部获取。 【归纳归纳】 obtain sth
15、. from. 从从获得获得 obtain sth. through. 通过通过(某种方式或手段某种方式或手段)获得获得 【拓展拓展】 obtainable adj. 可获得的可获得的 【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。 1) 乔治的父亲好不容易为他弄到了这幅画。乔治的父亲好不容易为他弄到了这幅画。 Georges father _ _ _ for him with difficulty. 2) 这样的信息很容易就能从网上获得。这样的信息很容易就能从网上获得。 Such information _ _ _ _ the Internet. obtained this painting is
16、 easily obtained from 5. However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. 然而，然而， 屠屠呦呦并不认输。呦呦并不认输。 acknowledge vt. to admit or accept that something is true or that a situation exists 承认承认（属实、权威等（属实、权威等） （公开）感谢公开）感谢 eg I acknowledge that her criticism is just. 我我承认她的批评是公正的承认她的批评是公正的。 We wish to ackno
17、wledge the support of the university. 我们我们想要感谢那所大学给予的支持。想要感谢那所大学给予的支持。 【归纳归纳】 acknowledge that .承认承认 acknowledge (doing) sth. 承认承认(做了做了)某事某事 acknowledge sth./sb. to be/as . 承认承认某事某事/某人是某人是 It is generally acknowledged that . 是大家公认的是大家公认的 acknowledge . as /to be . 承认某人为承认某人为 【拓展拓展】 acknowledgement n.
18、 承认；致谢；答谢承认；致谢；答谢 【语境应用语境应用】单句填空单句填空 1) She acknowledged _(have) been at fault. 2) He appreciated her _ (acknowledge) of his maturity. having acknowledgement 翻译句子。翻译句子。 3) 她她被公认为是全国最好的艺术家之一被公认为是全国最好的艺术家之一。 4) 她是不会承认这台机器有问题的她是不会承认这台机器有问题的。 She is acknowledged to be / as one of the best artists in the
19、 country. She wont / will never acknowledge that there is something wrong with the machine. 6. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. 屠屠呦呦与团队成员甚至坚持以身试药，以确保药物的安全性。呦呦与团队成员甚至坚持以身试药，以确保药物的安全性。 insist vi. & vt. to demand that some
20、thing should happen 坚持；坚持； 坚决要求坚决要求 insist on: to say or show that you believe that something is necessary or very important 坚决要求坚决要求 eg She insisted on being present at all the interviews. 她她坚持所有采访自己都要在场。坚持所有采访自己都要在场。 insist that坚持让某人做坚持让某人做；坚持认为；坚持认为 eg They insisted that everyone should come to t
21、he party. 他们他们坚持要每个人都参加晚会。坚持要每个人都参加晚会。 【语境运用语境运用】完成句子。完成句子。 1) I insist on your _ (take) immediate action to put this right. 2) I insisted that a doctor _ (send) for immediately. 3) Jane insisted that she _ (do) nothing wrong. taking (should) be sent had done 1. Artemisinin has become a vital part o
22、f the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alone. 青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分，据估计每年仅在青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分，据估计每年仅在非洲每年非洲每年 就挽救了就挽救了10万人万人的性命。的性命。 Sb./ Sth. be thought to某人某人/某物被认为某物被认为 eg A healthy life is usually thought to be related to the open countryside and home-grown fo
23、od. 健康健康的生活通常被认为与开阔的乡村和的生活通常被认为与开阔的乡村和土生土长土生土长的食物的食物有关。有关。 【拓展拓展】 be said to 据说据说 be reported to 据报道据报道 be believed to 据信据信 be claimed to 据声称据声称 be announced to 据宣布据宣布 【点拨点拨】 Sb. /Sth. is thought/said/reported to do/have done =It is thought/said/reported that 动词动词不定式有时态和语态的不定式有时态和语态的变化变化 They are sa
24、id to have saved quantities of natural resources in this way. =It is said that they have saved quantities of natural resources in this way. 据说据说他们用这种方法节约了大量的自然资源。他们用这种方法节约了大量的自然资源。 【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子翻译句子 1) 据说据说他在一家大出版社当编辑他在一家大出版社当编辑。 He is said to work as an editor in a big publishing house. 2) 据报道据报道，
25、这这位建筑师赢得了许多国际奖项位建筑师赢得了许多国际奖项。 The architect is reported to have won many international awards. 2. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine.” 获悉自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：获悉自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这个荣誉这个荣誉不仅仅属于不仅仅属于 我我” 【分析分析】“介词介词upon+动词动词-ing形式形式”构成介词构成介词短语，在短语，在句中作句
26、中作 时间时间状语状语。upon 一一就就 eg Upon receiving a phone call from his wife saying she had a fall, Mr. Green immediately rushed home from his office. 一接到一接到妻子的妻子的电话说电话说她摔了一她摔了一跤，格林跤，格林先生就立即从办公先生就立即从办公 室赶回家了室赶回家了。 【点拨点拨】upon还可换作介词还可换作介词on，表示，表示一件事紧接着另一件事而一件事紧接着另一件事而 发生。发生。这种用法这种用法常见于正式的常见于正式的文体，依据语境，可文体，依据语境，
27、可译作译作“在在 的的时候；当时候；当时；一时；一就就”。 eg On arriving at the stadium, the athletes began to work out. 一一到到体育场，运动员们体育场，运动员们就开始训练就开始训练。 【拓展拓展】用作用作连词表示连词表示“一一就就”的名词词组的名词词组: the moment the instant the minute the second +从句从句 【语境应用语境应用】语法填空语法填空 1) On/upon _(arrive) at the airport, we all were welcomed warmly. 2) On _(enter) the gate, he was stopped by the guard. arriving entering
