1、1 必修二必修二 Unit 4 知识清单知识清单+巩固练习巩固练习 *知识清单知识清单* 一、重点单词一、重点单词 puzzle n. 谜，智力游戏；疑问 vt. 迷惑；使困惑 1.不知如何是好，感到困惑；in a puzzle 2.解开谜团；solve a puzzle 3.带着疑惑的表情:wear a puzzled expression 4.令人费解的事实；a puzzling fact Begingning a new life in a new place can be very puzzling. belong vi. 应在（某处）；适应 归属感: a sense of belon
2、ging 这是谁的课本？ Who does this textbook belong to? 他是高尔夫球俱乐部的成员。 He belongs to the golf club. 温馨提示：温馨提示：belong to 不用于进行时态也没有被动语 态。类似用法的还有 take place, occur, happen 等。 defend v. 防御，保护，辩解，辩护 保卫.免受. defend . against/from. defence n 防御；保卫 1.为保卫.；为.辩护 in defence of. 2.为某人辩护 in ones defence 有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护？
3、What points can be raisedin defence of this argument. 温馨提示：温馨提示：与 defend . from / against . 用法类似的 还有：prevent . (from) .; stop . (from) .; keep . from .; protect . from / against .等，在被动语态中 from 都不可省略。 surround vt.围绕；包围 1.用.包围. surround.with. 2.和.在一起，与.为伍: surround oneself with. surrounding 附近的，四周的 周围
4、环境:surrounding environment surroundings 环境（复数） 1.欣赏环境: enjoy/admire the surroundings 2.美丽的环境:beautiful surroundings 3.适应新环境:be/get used to the new surroundings. evident adj. 明显的，显然的 她显然不开心。 It was evident that she was unhappy. evidence n. 证据，根据，证明 1.寻找证据:look for/search for evidence 2.找到证据:find evid
5、ence 3（出庭）作证: give evidence 4.医学证据:medical evidence 5.有力的证据:strong evidence 6.一项证据:a piece of evidence achievement n. 成就；成绩；达到 1.取的成就；make an achievment 2.某人在某方面的成就:ones achievement in 3.在做某事方面取得成就: make an achievement in doing sth 4. 伟 大 的 、 了 不 起 的 成 就 ： a great /remarkable achievement achieve vt.
6、 实现；（经过努力）取得，达到 achievable adj. 可实现的，可达到的: fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的 1.迷人的地方；a fascinating place 2.引人入胜的故事: a fascinating story 3.看上去、听起来迷人:look/sound fascinating 4.令某人着迷: be fascinating to sb 5.看到不同的人怎样处理这个问题真是有趣极了。 Its fascinating to see how different people approach the problem. charge n.收费；指控；
7、主管 vt. 收费；控告；充电 1.收他十美元修自行车费: charging him 10 dollars for repairing his bike. 2.指控他超速:charge him with speeding 3.免费: free of charge 请问我可以和国际销售部的负责人说话吗？ Could I speak to whoever is in charge of international sales, please. 你知道琳达是否愿意负责这个节目吗？ Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the progra
8、m? announce vt.宣布；通知；声称 1.向某人宣布. .announce sth to sb 2.据宣布 it is announced that . 3.正如宣布的那样 as is announced At the end of the meeting, it was announced(announce) that an agreement had been reached. announcement n. 通知，公告 2 官方公告: an official announcement amount n. 金额；数量 1.大量地、少量地in large/small amounts
9、. 在这么短的时间内他几乎不能做完这些工作。 Hardly could he get through this amount of work in such short time. A large amount of time has been spentin finishing this task so far. approach n.方法；途径；接近 vt 接近；接洽；着手 处理vi 靠近 1.走近房子 approach the house 2.看到、听到.接近 see/hear sb/sth approaching 3.容易接近、难以接近 be easy/difficult to app
10、roach 4.处理问题 approach the problem/matter 5.的来临 the approach of. 6.做某事的方法 an approach to doing sth 7.在快到.的时候 at the approach of. 温馨提示温馨提示-表示表示“方法、方式方法、方式”的短语荟萃：的短语荟萃： approach to (doing) sth. in this way to do/of doing sth. with this method of doing sth. in a.manner of doing sth. generous adj.慷慨的；大方的
11、；丰富的 1.对某人很慷慨 be generous to 2.乐于做某事 be generous in 3在某方面很大方:be generous with sth 4.某人做某事真是慷慨。It is generous of sb to do sth. 没有你的慷慨帮忙，我不可能熬过那段痛苦的日子。 I couldnt have gone through that bitter period without your generous help. generously adv.慷慨大方地 generosity n. 慷慨；大方 eager adj. 热切的；渴望的 1.渴望做某事；be eage
12、r to do sth 2.渴望得到某事: be eager for sth 3.Hes a bright kind and eager to learn. be eager that 希望；渴望。此时从句谓语一般用 “should动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，should 可以省 略。 eagerly adv. 热切地，渴望地 Theyre eagerly waiting for the big day. eagerness n. 热切，渴望 People were pushing each other out of way in their eagerness to get to the fr
13、ont. greet vt.问候；迎接 1.迎接客人 greet guests 2.在机场迎接某人 greet sb at the airport 3.向某人点头致意 greet sb with a nod. WheneverImeether,whichwasfairlyoften, she greeted me with a sweet smile. greeting n.问候；打招呼 crowd n. 人群；一群人；民众vt.挤满；使.拥挤 1.一群、成群的人: a crowd of/crowds of people 2.在机场迎接某人: in the crowd 3挤进、涌入纽约中心:
14、crowd into the center of new network 4.涌入某人的心头:crowded into ones mind crowded 拥挤的，挤满的 挤满.be crowded with In crowded(crowd) places like airports and railway station, you must take care of your luggage. 二、重点短语。二、重点短语。 1. be similar to 与.相似 (1)在某方面相似 be similar in (2)与.相同；the same as (3)与.不同:be differe
15、nt from (4)在.方面不同；be different in Her ideas are quite similar to mine. The two cars are very similar in size and design. 2.be confused by 对.感到困惑 (1)变得困惑:become/get confused (2)困惑的感情: a confused expression (3)把 A 和 B 弄混；confuse A with B All the roads looked the same and he felt confused. 注意不要把数量与质量混淆
16、了。 Be careful not to confuse quantity with quality. 3. join.to.把.和.连接或联结起来 (1)Connect.with/to.把.跟.联系起来 (2)与.“有关系、有联系多种表达： Be related to ; be linked with/to be involved in; be associated with; have something to do with (3)You have to join the smaller piece of wood to the main part. 3 4. break away(fr
17、om sb/sth)脱离；背叛；逃脱；克服 （习惯） (1)打碎；分裂； （会议或聚会）结束，散会； （团体） 解散:break up (2)出故障；垮掉；失败: break down (3)突破:Break through (4)（战争、火灾）突然发生、爆发:break out 上周史密斯家的汽车被撬了。 The Smiths had their car broken into last week. 那位老人不在家时，窃贼闯进屋里了。 Thieves had broke in while the old man was away. 5. result in 结果为；导致； (1)由于；源自:
18、result from (2)结果，因此: as a result (3)作为.、的结果 as a result of (4)我们还在处理过去的因失误所造成的问题。 We are still dealing with problems resulting from errors made in the post. 6.as well as 同（一样也）；和；还 (1)In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well (2)The basketball coach, as well as his team was inte
19、rviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance. (3)This training program can give you a gift at work, as well as increase your income by 40%. 7.leave behind 落下、忘带；留下；把.抛在后面 (1)把我的伞落在火车上: leave my umbrella behind on the train. (2)动身去北京；leave for Beijing (3)不要打扰我:leave me alone (4)省
20、去具体细节:leave out details (5)漏掉一个字母:leave out a letter (6)他动身前往华盛顿，把几个孩子留给了他的母亲。 He set off for Washington, leaving the children behind his mother. 8.date back to 起源于，追溯到 (1)这所学院创办于中世纪。 The college dates back to medieval times. (2)这些可以追溯到 1855 年的石阶开始出现磨损。 The stone steps, dating back to 1885. Are begi
21、nning to wear. 9.keep your eyes open(for) keep you eyes out (for ) 留心；留意 (1)吸引某人的注意: catch ones eye (2)注视，盯着看: fix ones eyes on (3)照看；留意；密切注意:keep an eye on (4)对.有鉴赏力；have an eye for. (5)直视某人:look sb in the eye 10. offer sb sth 向某人提供某物；offer sth to sb (1)愿意、主动提出做某事:offer to do sth (2)提供帮助、提出建议:offer
22、 help/advice (3)“ 提 供 给 某 人 某 物 ” 的 表 达 ： provide sb with sth/provide sth for sb Supply sb with sth/supply sth to sb (4)-why did you have the position? Iwas offered a better position at IBM. 11.make up 组成，构成；编造；化妆；弥补 组成一个队 ：make up a team 编故事：make up a story 编借口：make up an excuse 在镜子前化妆：make up befo
23、re the mirror 弥补损失：make up for the loss 12.breathe in 吸气；吸入 (1)深呼吸：breathe deeply (2)呼气；呼出（气体）；breathe out (3)松一口气: breathe a sigh of relief (4)深吸一口气: take a deep breath (4)屏住呼吸；屏息以待；hold ones breath (5)上气不接下气；out of breath 三、重要句型三、重要句型 1. must have been 一定做过某事 (1)我一定是在上历史课的那一部分时睡着了。 I must have bee
24、n asleep in that part of our history class. (2)汤姆上班从来不迟到。为什么他今天缺席了？ -Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today？ 他一定是发生了什么事？ -something must have happened to him. 2.sb/sth is likely to do sth 某人、某物有可能做某事 (1)你定能亲身体验当地的文化和习俗。 You are more than likely to experience local culture and customs fir
25、st-hand. 4 (2)如果你在一个大家庭中长大， 你就更有可能发展与 他人和睦相处的能力。 If you grow up in a large family, you are more likely to develop the ability to get on well with others. *同步练习同步练习* 一、重点短语一、重点短语 1.被包围 _ 2.把连接或联结起来_ 3.脱离；背叛；逃脱_ 4.属于_ 5.同(一样也)；和；还_ 6.留心；留意_ 7.为某物向某人收取费用_ 8.控告某人(做)某事_ 9.掌管/负责_ 10.大量，许多_ 11.渴望做某事_ 二、词形转
26、换二、词形转换 1.puzzle（n./v/.） _ (adj.令人困惑的) _( adj.感到困惑的) 2.legal (adj.) _（adv.） _（反义） 3.surround (v.) _（adj.）_（n.） 4.eager (adj.) _(adv.)_(n.) 5.evidence (n.) _(adj.) 6.achievement (n.) _(v.) 7.announce (v.) _(n.) 8.gernerous (adj.) _(adv.) 9.greet (v.) _(n.) 10.crowd (n./v.) _(adj.) 三、单词拼写三、单词拼写 1.He w
27、orks as a _( 主 要 的 ) editor in China Daily. 2.The country needs a _( 防 御 ) capability as insurance against the unexpected. 3.My mother works in a _(附近的) company and she usually walks home. 4.The _( 位 置 ) of the Arts Theatre was considered a poor area of town. 5.They were unwilling to accept the fact
28、 that their son died in the _(战斗) 6.Tims _(困惑的) expression suggested that he didnt understand what they had said. 7.He had forgotten to _(充电) his phone. 8.The teachers spared no effort to _(确保) that all students would be given an equal chance. 9.On the way to school，Tom came across one of his classm
29、ates， and they _(问 候 ) each other by saying “Good morning” 10.The British and the Americans not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social _(风俗) 四、单句语法填空四、单句语法填空 1.The _ expression on his face showed that the question was _.(puzzle) 2.There were a number of _ (location) whe
30、re the kings of Egypt built pyramids. 3.Looking back, Diana owes her _ (achieve) to the goal she set, and above all, the efforts she made. 4.Immigrants who entered the United States through the portofNewYorkwere_(legal)and medically inspected there. 5.Professor Li stood there, _(surround) by many st
31、udents. 6.What _ (evident) was there that Old Tom was helping the whalers out? 7.When my own son was five years old, I became eager _ another baby. 8.When I learned that he was ill, I sent him a _ (greet) card. 9.The bus we had been waiting for was too _ (crowd), so we decided to catch a later one.
32、10.Take note of their contact numbers in the _ (announce) pages. 五、单选题五、单选题 1.The island which is _ the mainland by a bridge is easy to go. A.joined withB.joined in C.joined toD.connected by 2.It took great courage to _ from his family at that time. A.break awayB.break out C.break inD.break down 3.A
33、s is known to us, China is a country _ developing countries. A.belongs toB.belonging to 5 C.belonged toD.belong to 4.Amy, as well as her brothers, _ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. A.are givenB.is given C.were givenD.was given 5.If you _ your eyes open, you will be surprised
34、to find that you can see both its past and its present. A.keepB.letC.makeD.get 6.Thecompanywasbadlyorganizedbeforeshe _ it. A.took charge ofB.in charge of C.in the charge ofD.was in charge with 7._ money is to be spent in building a new bridge for the village. A.A large number ofB.A great many C.A l
35、arge amount ofD.A&C 8.Atthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferent approaches _out the problem. A.to workB.to working C.of workingD.for working 9.The teacher is very glad that everyone in her class is _ to study. A.puzzledB.legal C.generousD.eager 10.Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time
36、 _with his students. A.spendingB.to spendC.spentD.is spent 11.The building which _ last year is our teaching building. A.being builtB.was built C.to be builtD.built 12.They managed to make themselves _ by using very simple English. A.understandB.to understand C.understandingD.understood 13.With all
37、the homework _, the children went out to play happily. A.finishedB.to finish C.finishingD.to be finish 14.When we saw the watch _with some leaves, we decided to hand it to the teacher. AcoverBto coverCcoveringDcovered 15.He wants to get his hair _ tomorrow. A.to cutB.cuttingC.cutD.to be cut 六、完成句子六、
38、完成句子 1.我想知道你如何改进你的书法。(way) 2.这里风景优美、空气新鲜，吸引着一些来自世界各 地的游客。(attract, a number of, all over the world) 3有那么多工作要做，我没有时间去度假。(with + 宾语+宾补) *参考答案参考答案* 一、重点短语 1.be surrounded by/with 2.join .to 3.break away (from sb./sth.) 4.belong to 5.as well as 6.keep your eyes open (for) 7.charge sb.for sth 8.charge sb
39、.with (doing) sth 9.take charge of / be in charge of 10.a large amount of+不可数a great deal of+不可 数 a great/large number of +可数a great/good many + 可数 11.be eager to do sth 二、词形转换 1.puzzling/ puzzled2.legally/illegal3.surrounding/ surroundings 4.eagerly/eagerness5.evident6.achieve 7.announcement 8.gern
40、erously9.greeting10.crowded 三、单词拼写 1chief2.defence3.nearby4.location5.battle 6 .puzzled7.charge8.ensure9.greeted1 0.customs 四、单句语法填空 1.puzzled/puzzling2.locations3.achievements 4.legally 5.surrounded6.evidence7.for8.greeting9.crow ded10.announcement 五、单选题 15 CABDA 610 ACBDC 1115 BDADC 六、完成句子 1.Idliketoknowthewayyouimproveyour handwriting. 2.The scenery is beautiful and the air is fresh, attracting a number of tourists from all over the world 3.With so much work to do , I have no time for a holiday.
