1、人教版必修第一册人教版必修第一册 unit5 语法讲练语法讲练-限制性定语从句（限制性定语从句（2）关系副词）关系副词 一、关系副词引导的定语从句 当先行词在定语从句中作状语时， 通常要用关系副词引导定语从句。 常用的关系副词有 where，when，why 等。 1关系副词 where where 引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如 place， room， house， spot， school， country 等)，关系副词 where 在从句中作地点状语。 The experts went into the hall where the meeting was being
2、 held. 专家们走进正在开会的大厅。 The office where the architect works is not far from here. 那位建筑师工作的办公室离这儿不远。 温馨提示 where 引导定语从句和状语从句的区别：引导定语从句时，where 是关系副词，在从句中作 地点状语，其前有表示地点的名词作先行词，从句修饰先行词；引导状语从句时，where 是 从属连词，从句修饰主句的谓语动词，where 前面没有表示地点的名词。 Hes got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose
3、control over the plane.(定 语从句) 他使自己陷入了一种危险的情况，他很可能会失去对飞机的控制。 When you read the book，youd better make a mark where you have questions.(状语从句) 读这本书的时候，你最好在有疑问的地方做一下标记。 2关系副词 when when 引导定语从句时，先行词往往是表示时间的名词(如 time，day，week，month，year 等)，关系副词 when 在从句中作时间状语。 The champion came at a time when I least expec
4、ted him. 那位冠军在我最意料不到的时候来了。 Ill never forget the day when I competed against the guy . 我永远不会忘记我和那个家伙比赛的那天。 3关系副词 why why 引导定语从句时，先行词常为 reason，关系副词 why 在从句中作原因状语。 Do you know the reason why she is under great stress ？ 你知道她压力很大的原因吗？ 温馨提示关系代词和关系副词的选择 当先行词是表示时间的 time，day 等或表示地点的 place，house 等时，一定要注意分析从句
5、的结构。 如果缺少主语或宾语， 应用关系代词 that 或 which； 如果缺少时间状语或地点状语， 应用关系副词 when 或 where。 Ill never forget the days (which/that) we spent together.(which/that 作 spent 的宾语) 我永远忘不了我们一起度过的日子。 There was a time when he had to beg from door to door to survive .(when 在从句中作时间状 语) 有一段时间为了活下去他不得不挨家挨户乞讨。 His father works in a
6、factory which/that makes radio parts.(which/that 在从句中作主 语) 他父亲在一家生产无线电零件的工厂里工作。 The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.(where 在从句中作地点状语) 我十年前住的房子已经被拆除了。 二、“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词作介词的宾语时， 为了使关系代词与先行词的关系更加紧凑， 可以将从句中的 介词提到关系代词前，形成“介词关系代词”的结构。该结构中的关系代词可用 which， whom 或 whose。 1介词的选用 (1)依
7、据定语从句中动词或形容词等所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。 Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is known. 昨天我们游览了西湖，杭州因其而出名。 (2)依据与先行词搭配的具体意义而定。 Ill never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country. 我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过的童年时光。 (3)根据所表达的意思来确定。 The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called
8、oxygen. 这种无色的、离开它我们就无法生存的气体叫做氧气。 温馨提示 有些“动词介词”短语如 look for，look after，call on 等，如果介词提前将会失去动 词短语的意义，所以不可把介词置于关系代词前。 Is this the brochure which she was looking for? 这就是她在找的那本小册子吗？ The babies whom the nurses are looking after are healthy. 护士们照看的婴儿都很健康。 2“名词/数词/代词等介词 of关系代词”结构 有时“介词关系代词”前还会有名词、数词、代词等，表示
9、部分、整体、数量等概念。 The river，the banks of which are covered with trees，flows to the sea. 这条河流入大海，河两岸都是树。 The old woman has two sons，both of whom are doctors. 这位老太太有两个儿子，他们都是医生。 三练习 .单句语法填空 1Do you still remember the day _ we came to the company ？ 2I dont know the reason _ he failed to attend the lecture .
10、 3This is the castle _ his brother was born ten years ago. 4Have you met the designer _whom our teacher referred ？ 5This is the farm _which my father grows fruits and vegetables. 6This is our English teacher _ whom we have learnt a lot. 7Ill never forget the day _I spent with my cousins in the mount
11、ains. 8The reason t_ he explained at the meeting was not reasonable. 9We have entered into an age _dreams have the best chance of coming true.(2019北京) 10Creating an atmosphere _ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge . 1.when 2. why3.where4.to 5. on 6. from7. which/that 8. that/which9.when
12、10.where .完成句子 11.我们到了不得不以暴制暴的地步。 _ 12.你知道他缺席会议的原因吗？ _ 13.我和哥哥去了海滩，我们在那里看了一些人打排球。 _ 14.我仍然记得我的好朋友离开家乡的那个寒冷的夜晚。 _ 15.你参观过以英雄名字命名的那个公园吗？ _ 11We reached a situation where we had to answer violence with violence. 12Do you know the reason why he was absent from the meeting? 13My brother and I went to the
13、 beach where we watched some people play volleyball. 14I still remember the cold night when my friend left his hometown. 15Have you visited the park which/that was named after a hero? .语法填空 Tai Dong is a small city in southeast Taiwan 16._ I grew up.My family moved there from Taipei the summer 17._
14、I was born.The house 18._ which I grew up is on a main street in Tai Dong.It was a nice house with a big garden 19._ there were a lot of nice flowers.My father sold tea，and my mother had a small restaurant 20._ there were always many customers.A cousin of mine 21._ family I visited every summer live
15、d with us.He was an apprentice(学徒) 22._ my father was teaching the tea business to.On the first floor of our house we had a huge kitchen 23._ we all gathered for dinner.I will never forget the happy days 24._ we were eating and talking happily.The bedrooms were upstairs.My brother and my cousin slept in one bedroom.I slept in another 25._ I shared with Polly，the smartest bird that I had ever seen. 16. where17.when 18. in19.where 20. where21.whose 22.who/that23. where24. when 25. which/that
