1、2020-2021 学年高一英语人教版（学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册词汇复习宝典）必修第二册词汇复习宝典 Unit 1 Cultural Heritage 一、词汇解析 1. former adj. 以前的； （两者中）前者的 in former times 从前 former president前总统 former husband前夫 the former the latter前者后者 2. preserve vt. 保存；保护；维持 n. 保护区 preservefrom 保护免于 preserve the peace 维护和平 preserver n. 保护人；维护者 pre
2、servation n. 维护；保护；保持；保存 3. promote vt. 促进；提升；推销；晋级 promote sb. to提升某人为 be promoted to. . . 被提升为 be promoted to. . . 晋级为 promote their new books 促销他们的新书 promotion n. 提升；提拔；晋升；晋级；升级；促销活动 4. application n. 申请（表） ； 用途；运用；应用（程序） an application form 申请表 an application for. . . 的申请 apply (to. . . ) for. .
3、 . (向 )申请 apply v. 申请；运用；应用； (对) 适用；专心致志 apply to. . . 适用于 apply. . .to. . . 把应用到 apply oneself (to doing sth. ) 专心致志（做某事） applicant n. 申请人 application 意为“应用程序”时，可以缩写成 app。 5. take part in 参与（某事） ； 参加（某活动） take part in = participate in play a part in参与 辨析： join/join in/take part in/attend （1）join 表示
4、加入某个组织或党派，也可后接某人表示“和某人一起” ； （2）join in 表示参加某项活动，此时可以与 take part in 互换； （3）attend 表示参加某种会议或仪式活动。 相关短语： take down 写下；记下 take in 吸收；接纳；欺骗 take on 承担；呈现 take apart 拆卸；拆开 take away 带走；减去 take over 接收；接管 6. give way to 让步；屈服 feel ones way 摸索着前进；小心从事 make ones way(to) （朝）前进 相关短语： giveaway 赠送；泄露 give in 屈服，
5、让步；上交 give up 放弃；投降 give off 发出（光、热、声音、气体等） give out 分发；垮掉；发出（热、声音、信号等） 7. balance n. 平衡；均匀 vt. 使平衡 keep a balance between and 保持与之间的平衡 balanceAwith/and B同等重视/兼顾和 keep (ones) balance 保持平衡 lose (ones) balance 失去平衡；摔倒 8. lead to 导致 lead sb. to 引导某人去（地方） lead sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 lead to sb. doing st
6、h. 导致某人做某事 lead a. . .life 过的生活 lead the way 领路；带路；处于领先地位 lead sb. to/into. . . 引领某人去/进入 lead n. 领先地位 take the lead 领先 in the lead 处于领先地位 9. proposal n. 提议；建议 agree to sbs proposal 同意某人的建议 10. likely adj. 可能的 adv. 可能地 be likely to do 可能做某事 Its likely that 很可能 It is unlikely that不太可能 11. turn to 向求助
7、相关短语： turn on 打开 turn off 关闭 turn in 交上；提交 turn down 调低；拒绝 turn up 调高；出现 turn out 结果是；证明是 12. limitn. 限度；限制 vt. 限制；限定 limit to把限制在内（to 时介词） be limited to 被限制在 beyond/over the limit 超过限度 within limits 在某种程度上；有一定限制 set a limit on. . . 对设限 There is a limit to 有对的限制 13. prevent vt. 阻止；阻碍；阻挠 prevention n
8、.阻止 prevent sb./sth. 阻止某人或某物 prevent.from. 阻止做 14. loss n. 丧失；损失 at a loss 茫然；不知所措 suffer a loss (of) 蒙受（的）损失 loss of sight失明 lose vt. 失去 be lost in 全神贯注；沉浸于 15. contribution n. 捐款；贡献；捐赠 contribute vt. & vi. 捐献；捐赠 contribute to 为.捐献/撰稿；导致；促成 contribute to 向捐献/赠；投稿 make great contributions to (doing)
9、 sth. 对（做）某事做出了巨大的贡献 16. within prep. & adv. （某段时间、距离或范围）之内 within ones reach 在某人伸手可及的范围之内 within ones power 在某人的能力范围之内 17. conductn.行为；举止；管理方法 vt. 组织；安排；带领 under the conduct of在管理/指导下 cheating conduct 舞弊/欺诈行为 conduct sb. into/to 领某人进入/到 conduct sb. over/around 引导某人参观 conduct an interview/survey 采访/
10、调查 conduct a study/research 进行研究/调查 conduct activities 组织活动 conduct oneself well/ badly 举止（表现）好差 18. donate vt. （尤指向慈善机构）捐赠；赠送；献（血） donate to 向捐赠 donate blood 献血 make donations to 向捐赠 19. attempt n. & vt. 企图；试图；尝试 attempt to do 努力/尝试做 make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 尝试做某事 make an attempt at/on尝试
11、 ones first attempt at/on. 某人第一次尝试 20. make sure 确保；设法保证； （把某事）弄清楚；查明 make sure of (doing) sth. 确保（做）某事 make sure that. 确保/查明 be sure of/about.肯定/确信 be sure that. 确信 for sure 无疑；肯定 21. worthwhile adj. 值得做的；值得花时间的 It is worthwhile doing/ to do sth. 值得做某事 worthwhile 可以单独作表语或定语（句子成分） 22. entrance n. 入口
12、；进入 at the entrance to 在的入口处 entrance fee 入场费 make ones entrance into 进入 23. process n. 过程；进程；步骤 vt. 处理；加工 in process 在进行中 in the process of 在过程中 in the process 同时 be processed into. . . 被制成 24. forgive vt. & vi. 原谅；宽恕 vt. 对不起；请原谅 forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人（做了）某事 forgive sb. sth. 原谅某人某事 forgi
13、ve and forget 不念旧恶；不记仇 forgiveness n. 宽恕；原谅 ask/ beg/ pray for (sbs) forgiveness 请求（某人的）原谅 forgiving adj. 宽宏大量的；宽容的 forgiving nature 宽厚的天性 25. throughout prep. 各处；遍及；自始至终 throughout the world 遍及世界各地 throughout the year 一年到头 26. quality n. 质量；品质；素质；特征 adj. 优质的；高质量的 be of good/high quality高/好质量 qualit
14、y and quantity 质量和数量 quality guarantee 品质保障 core quality 核心素养 quality products 优质产品 quality-oriented education 素质教育 27. tradition n. 传统；传统的信仰或风俗 It is a tradition to do sth. / that 做某事/是一种传统 by tradition 按照传统风俗 traditionaladj.传统的；惯例的 28. historic adj. 历史上著名（或重要）的；有史时期的 historicaladj. （有关）历史的；历史题材的 p
15、rehistoric adj. 史前的 29. opinion n. 意见；想法；看法 in ones opinion在某人看来 have a good/ bad/ high/ low opinion of 对评价好/不好/高/低 what is ones opinion (on/about)? 某人（对）的看法是什么？ be of the opinion that相信；认为 30. comparison n. 比较；相比 by /in comparison (with sb./ sth.) （与某人/某物）相比较 a comparison ofA and /to / with BA 与 B
16、的比较 31. contrast n. 对比；对照 by contrast对比之下，相反 in contrast to/ with和形成对比，和对照 contrastAwith B 比较 A 和 B in contrast 比较起来；与此相反 32. identify vt.确认；认出；找到 identify sb. doing sth. 确认某人做某事 identify oneself as 自称是 二、习题训练 1.We can only tell good from bad by _ (compare). 2.He was too far away to be able to _ (id
17、entity) his face. 3.The _(tradition) breakfast in this area includes bacon and eggs. 4.Dont you think it worthwhile _(donate) blood to help those in need? 5.The _ as a doctor is admired, and you have become a _. Congratulations! (profession) 6.With the development of _ (数字的） technology, sound and vi
18、deo can now be stored either on a PC or on the Internet. 7.Please write to me soon and tell me your _ (意见) about it. 8.The Chinese hope that the world is at peace_ (永远). 9.It is a _ (传统）that women get married in red in most places of China. 10.In the _ (过程) of growth，we need to understand our parent
19、s. 11.I plan to fix a lamp in the kitchen and a new(镜子) for the bathroom. 12.In China, the idea of the _ (龙) may have come from the alligator. 13.He told us that his _ (屋顶) needed to be repaired. 14. 用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空。 compare, contrast, far, identify, image, paraphrase, quality, quote, tradition, thr
20、oughout 1.America is _ than Japan, but it is beneficial for our _ study abroad. 2.He has a _ view of women that they cant enter jobs _ done by men. 3.You are a public figure, so you should know how to improve your personal 4.When _ carefully, the human heart is weak in _ with other organs. 5.He is a
21、 young man with fine _, and completely _ for the position. 6._ winter, bears sleep under snow until the weather becomes warm enough for them to wake up. 7.The police have already _ about 10 murder suspects. 8.She likes _ lines from her favourite poems. With these _, she can express her feelings bett
22、er. 9.Would you _ the sentence for me? I really cant understand it. 10.Though there are similarities in the two cultures, there are also great _. 15. Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the1(protect) of cultural sites can be a big challenge. Big challenges, however, can someti
23、mes lead2great solutions. In31950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile in order4(control) floods, produce electricity, and supply water to more5 (farmer) in the area. But the proposal led to protests6water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destro
24、y cultural relics. After7(listen) to the scientists who8(study) the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959. A committee9(establish) to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics. Finally, the work
25、 began in 1960. When the project ended in 1980, it was considered a great success. Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a10(good) tomorrow. 1【答案】compar
26、ison 解析：考查词性转换.句意:我们只能通过比较辨别 好坏. by comparison 相比较. 2【答案】identify 解析：考查词性转换.句意:他离得太远,没法识别面孔. be able to 后跟动词原形. 3【答案】traditional 解析：考查词性转换.句意:这个地区传统的早餐包括熏猪肉和鸡蛋.此处作定语修饰名词 breakfast,故用形容词。 4【答案】donating/to donate 5【答案】profession, professional 6【答案】digital 7【答案】opinion 8【答案】forever 9【答案】tradition 10【答案
27、】process 11【答案】mirror 12【答案】dragon 13【答案】roof 14 【答案】1. farther, further2. traditional, traditionally3. image4. compared, comparison5. qualities, qualified6. Throughout7. identified8. quoting, quotations9. paraphrase10. contrast 15【答案】l. protection 2.to 3.the 4.to control 5.farmers 6.because 7.liste
28、ning 8.had studied 9.was established 10.better 解析：l. protection 考查词性转换。定冠词 the 修饰名词，故用名词形式。 2.to 考查介词。lead to 导致。 3.the 考查冠词。在年代前应用定冠词。in the 1950s 在二十 世纪五十年代。 4.to control 考查固定搭配。in order to do sth.为了做某事。 5.farmers 考查名词复数。farmer 为可数名词，此处被 more 修 饰，因此应用复数形式。 6.because 考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处表示原 因，故用 because 引导原因状语 从句。 7.listening 考查非谓语动词。介词 after 后应用动名词。 8.had studied 考查动词的时态。此处表示过去的过去，因此 用过去完成时。 9.was established 考查动词的时态和语态。主语 committee 与 establish 之间为被动关系，由 上下文语境可知，设空处动作发 生在过去，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。 10.better 考查形容词的比较级。此处暗含比较，因此应使用 比较级。
