1、Nature in the balance B3U1 Listen to a song What is the message of the song? 1 Welcome to the unit The message is the main or most important idea that someone is trying to tell people about in a film, book, speech etc. Type of passage Q: Where is the article taken from? documentary script (原稿）原稿） st
2、ructure Complete part A1 on page 4 with the main idea of each paragraph. Para. 1: Introduction to the Amazon rainforest Para. 2: Basic information about the rainforest Para. 3: _ Para. 4: _ Para. 5: _ Plant biodiversity; levels of the rainforest Animal biodiversity; food chain The rainforests value
3、to the human race; threats to the rainforest A huge sea of: a lot of, plenty of （大量的，许多）（大量的，许多） Be alive with: be full of things that are alive (充满，到处充满，到处都是）都是） What springs to your mind when you read this sentence？ Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals. 01 2
4、The author writes about the _, the _, the _ and the _ of the Amazon rainforest. location size name biodiversity With an area of around 6 million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. 2 The Amazon River is close to 6,400 kilometres in length roughly 100 kilomet
5、res longer than the Yangtze River. Why does the author make such comparisons? Who can be the target audience of the documentary? 3 3 a system of roots （根系）（根系） the tops（树冠）（树冠） of the tallest trees the mass of leaf litter（落叶层）（落叶层） shorter plants with large leaves towering ancient hardwoods（阔叶树）（阔叶树
6、） 4 Jaguars Insects At least 87 species, including frogs Microorganisms nutrients 5 Why is it called “lungs of the planet”? What endangers the rainforest? 5 Can we afford to damage the lungs of the planet? Why? Whats the purpose of this passage? To introduce To appeal to people to harm variety survi
7、ve thus impact in turn break down due to build up Key words 01 harm uncountable damage or injury that is caused by a person or an event 伤害；损害 Our children deserve protection from harm. This accident will do serious harm to my business. All dogs are capable of _ human beings. 只要是狗就可能会咬人。 do harm to s
8、b= do sb harm doing harm to 01 harm uncountable damage or injury that is caused by a person or an event 伤害；损害 The treatment did him more harm than good. Shes a terrible gossip but she means no harm. It wouldnt do you any harm to get some experience first. He may not be able to help but theres no har
9、m in asking him. v to hurt or injure sb or to damage sth 伤害；损害 Watching violence on TV can harm children. Living together didnt harm our friendship. If anything it strengthened it. 你的坏习惯一定已经伤害了你的健康。 Your bad habits must have harmed your health. 01 harm 派生词 The polluted water and air are _(harm) to p
10、eoples health. Dont worry. This experiment was _(harm) to the animals. 01 harm 02 variety n. A variety of something： a lot of things of the same type that are different from each other in some way. 多种多样的 People change their mind for a variety of reasons. The island offers such a wide/great variety o
11、f scenery and wildlife. 桌上菜肴之丰富让我叹服。 I was impressed by the variety of dishes on table. 02 variety n. UNCOUNT If something has variety, it consists of things which are different from each other. 变化;多样化 We all need variety in our diet. The music itself has so much variety. Occasionally working from h
12、ome adds variety to a job. diversity 02 variety n. CN type 品种;种类； The lake has more than 20 varieties of fish. a variety show 综艺节目综艺节目 He decided to leave school for _(variety) reasons . The heights of the plants _ (variety) from 8 cm to 20 cm. 派生词 02 variety various vary 这些鱼重3到5公斤不等。 These fish var
13、y in weight from 3 kg to 5 kg. 03 survive (v.) Vi. to continue to live or exist 存活；继续存在；挺过 Only 12 of the 140 passengers survived. Ive had a tough few months, but Ill survive. The organization cannot survive unless we make some changes. Some strange customs have survived from earlier times. an old c
14、ustom which has survived into the twenty-first century I dont know how you survive on such a small salary. 03 survive (v.) Vt. to continue to live or exist despite a dangerous event or time She survived the attack. The company managed to survive the crisis. Many birds didnt survive the cold winter.
15、Few buildings survived the war. I dont know how I ever survived NSFZ. The old lady has survived all her children. 比活（存在）的时间长 Illegal hunting is threatening the _(survive) of the species. survival of the fittest 适者生存 Officials said there were no _(survive) of the plane crash. 派生词 3 survive survival s
16、urvivors 04 impact 1. = powerful effect countable , usually singular Winning this competition could have a great impact on my life. The meeting is expected to have a significant impact on the future of the country. have an impact on sth 网上购物对传统书店有严重影响。 Internet shopping has a serious impact on tradi
17、tional bookshops. 04 impact 2. the force of one object hitting another 撞击，冲撞；冲击力 Airbags are designed to soften the impact of a car crash. The plane is destroyed, a complete wreck: passengers must have died on impact. 1. = hence , therefore 因此因此 Someone had removed all the evidence. Thus, it was imp
18、ossible for the police to continue their investigation. Jimmy is adopted and thus unrelated to Beth by blood. 2. =in this way 以此方式；如此以此方式；如此 The judge expressed it thus: “Our duty is to discover the truth.” 05 thus (adv.) 05 thus (adv.) The universities have expanded, thus _(allow) many more people
19、the chance of higher education. They allow young people to exchange experiences in their daily lives and thus _ (have) a sense of connection with friends. 06 in turn 1. one after the other in a particular order 依次；轮流；逐个依次；轮流；逐个 The children called out their names in turn. The host filled the guests
20、glasses in turn. 2. as a result 相应地；转而；反过来相应地；转而；反过来 Working outside can mean too much sun exposure, which in turn can lead to skin cancer. 任何任何理论都来源于实践，反过来为实践服务理论都来源于实践，反过来为实践服务。 All theories originate from practice and_. in turn serve practice 07 Build up 1. INCREASE GRADUALLY The museum has built
21、 up a fine art collection. build up trust If you dont express your feelings, frustration and anger can build up. 2. DEVELOP Hes built up the family firm into a multinational company. 3. HEALTH Taking exercise will build up your strength. machine, car discussion, relationship, system a substance (物质)
22、 sb. sth difficult such as an idea or statement to understand it door, window barriers, prejudices 08 Break down Let us not, however, flatter ourselves overmuch on account of our human victories over nature. For each such victory nature takes its revenge on us. Friedrich Engels 1. flatter yourself (
23、that) to choose to believe sth good about yourself, especially when other people do not agree 自以为是; 高看自己 2. If something happens overmuch, it happens too much. 过度地 3. on account of = because of 因为；由于 4. If you take revenge on someone who has hurt you, you hurt them in return. 报复 Let us not, however,
24、 flatter ourselves overmuch on account of our human victories over nature. For each such victory nature takes its revenge on us. Friedrich Engels 但是我们不要对我们人类对自然界的胜利过分自以为是。对于每一次 这样的胜利，自然界都对我们进行报复。 弗里德里希恩格斯 Useful expressions P1 do much harm (to the earth) sound the alarm 拉响警报 be thankful for the skie
25、s above P2 is full of natural wonders the documentary script 纪录片文字稿 is home to a wide range of wildlife Useful expressions Para 1 Be alive with 充满（活的或动的东西） play a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earths ecosystem Para 2 cross into 8 countries 横跨 overseas region The Amazon rain
26、forest is more than half the size of China. The Amazon River is close to 6,400 kilometers in lengthroughly 100 km longer than the richest biodiversity on the Earth one in ten known species Useful expressions Para 3 support 维持,养活 an unbelievable variety of wildlife A system of root beneath（=under） th
27、e ground the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor 阴暗地表厚实的落叶层 the towering ancient hardwoods Para 4 one element of this forests food chain They feed on （以为食） at least 87 species in turn a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return nutrients to the earth. Useful expressio
28、ns Para 5 breathes life into the planet one major danger to these irreplaceable不可替代的 plants and animals due to human activities the impact of human activities continues to grow the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer we are left with a question Can we afford to damage the “lungs o
29、f the planet”？ sentences _ the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the balance. _ the impact of extinction becomes longer, we are left with one question. The Amazon River, _the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6400 kilometres in length. _ the 390000 plant
30、 species _(know) to us, more than _ a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of the food chain. The Amazon rainforest is home to a great (1)_of plant life; however, its soil is surprisingly poor in nutrients. B1 The passage below is from a website about the Amazon rain
31、forest. Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below. agriculture impact thus due to variety survive beneathbreak down variety In fact, the soil in the region cannot support (2)_ for more than a few years. If a scientist is shown a report listing the nutrient
32、s of that soil, he or she will probably think that only desert plants can (3)_in it! Then why is the soil so poor in nutrients? For one thing, the rainy season has a(n) (4)_on the soil. In the rainy season, the water level can rise to more than 12 metres. agriculture survive agriculture impact thus
33、due to variety survive beneathbreak down impact When the water goes away, it takes away the nutrients in the soil. For another thing, (5)_the Amazons hot climate, it is difficult for the soil to build up enough nutrients. Dead plants and animals (6)_more quickly. The nutrients are soon taken in by t
34、he roots of the plants deep (7)_the ground. As a result, most of the forests nutrients are locked up in the plants themselves, (8)_ allowing them to grow at an unbelievable speed. due to break down beneath thus agriculture impact thus due to variety survive beneathbreak down 数据比较的表达方法： 1. 一样：一样： A +
35、 谓语动词谓语动词 + as large/long/many as + B A + 谓语动词谓语动词 + the same size/length/number/amount as+ B He is as high as his father. He has the same height as his father 2. 比比多多/长长/大：大： the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. .roughly 100 kilometers longer than the Yangtze river. 数据比较的表达方法： 3. 几倍：几倍： A + 谓语动词谓语动词 + 倍数倍数+the height/length/size of + B A + 谓语动词谓语动词 +倍数倍数+as high/long/large as + B The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. The earth is 49 times as large as the moon THANK YOU END
