1、 -ed as adverbial 过去分词做状语过去分词做状语 Learn the general knowledge of V-ed as adverbial. 核心单词 过去分词作状语过去分词作状语 1. 过去分词作状语的功能过去分词作状语的功能 过去分词作状语，表示的动作是主语的一部分，过去分词作状语，表示的动作是主语的一部分， 与与谓语表示的动作或状态是同时或几乎同时发谓语表示的动作或状态是同时或几乎同时发 生，有时先于谓语动词的发生生，有时先于谓语动词的发生；其逻辑主语通其逻辑主语通 常是句子的主语常是句子的主语；过去分词与主语之间是逻辑；过去分词与主语之间是逻辑 上的被动上的被动
2、关系关系。 一一.过去分词作状语的基本用法过去分词作状语的基本用法 eg Built thirty years, the house looks very beautiful. 房子是房子是30年前建造的，但是它看起来很漂亮。年前建造的，但是它看起来很漂亮。 He walked slowly in the forest, followed by a dog. 他在森林里慢慢地走着，一条狗跟着他。他在森林里慢慢地走着，一条狗跟着他。 2. 过去分词作状语的类型过去分词作状语的类型 过去分词作状语时，可以表示过去分词作状语时，可以表示原因、条件、让原因、条件、让 步、时间、方式和伴随状况步、时间、
3、方式和伴随状况。过去分词作。过去分词作方式方式 状语状语和和伴随状语伴随状语时可以变为时可以变为并列句并列句，作其他状，作其他状 语时可以变为相应的状语从句。语时可以变为相应的状语从句。 3. 过去分词作状语的位置过去分词作状语的位置 过去分词作状语时，通常放在句首或句末，有过去分词作状语时，通常放在句首或句末，有 时也可放在句中。时也可放在句中。 1）作原因状语）作原因状语, 相当于原因状语从句相当于原因状语从句 Encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder. =As he is encouraged by the progr
4、ess he has made, he works harder. 由于受到所取得进步的鼓舞，他工作更努力了。由于受到所取得进步的鼓舞，他工作更努力了。 2）作条件状语）作条件状语, 相当于条件状语从句相当于条件状语从句 Given more time, we could do it much better. =If we were given more time, we could do it much better. 如果多给我们点时间，我们会做得更好。如果多给我们点时间，我们会做得更好。 3）作让步状语，相当于让步状语从句）作让步状语，相当于让步状语从句 Wounded, the bra
5、ve soldier continued to fight. = Although he was wounded, the brave soldier continued to fight. 尽管受伤了，那位勇敢的战士仍然继续战斗。尽管受伤了，那位勇敢的战士仍然继续战斗。 4）作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句）作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句 Discussed many times, the problems were settled at last. =After they were discussed many times, the problems were settled at last
6、. 多次讨论后，这些问题终于解决了。多次讨论后，这些问题终于解决了。 5）作方式状语，相当于并列句）作方式状语，相当于并列句 The old man walked into the room, supported by his son. =The old man walked into the room and was supported by his son . 这位老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。这位老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。 6）作伴随状语，相当于并列句）作伴随状语，相当于并列句 Mrs Wu came in, followed by her daughter. =Mrs Wu cam
7、e in and she was followed by her daughter. 吴太太走了进来，她的女儿紧跟其后。吴太太走了进来，她的女儿紧跟其后。 二二. .过去分词作状语的注意事项：过去分词作状语的注意事项： 1. 过去分词作状语时，有时为了强调，前面可带过去分词作状语时，有时为了强调，前面可带 连词，如连词，如when, while, once, if, though, unless, as if 等，构成等，构成“连词连词+过去分词过去分词” 结构，结构， 以使句以使句 意表达得更清楚。意表达得更清楚。 eg: When why she came here, kept silen
8、t. Unless constantly , words are easily forgotten. 2. 过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的 主语保持一致（现在分词作状语同样如此），主语保持一致（现在分词作状语同样如此）， 否则需加上自己的主语。否则需加上自己的主语。 eg: Given a chance, we can surprise the world. (given 的主语是的主语是 we) 若给我们一个机会，我们会使世界惊奇。若给我们一个机会，我们会使世界惊奇。 He was listening attentively in class
9、, his eyes fixed on the blackboard. 他课上专心听讲，他课上专心听讲， 眼睛紧盯着黑板。眼睛紧盯着黑板。 独立主格结构，独立主格结构，fix 逻辑主语是逻辑主语是his eyes 3. 有些形容词化的过去分词，作状语时不强调被有些形容词化的过去分词，作状语时不强调被 动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词 （短语）常见的有：（短语）常见的有：lost (迷失的迷失的), seated(坐下坐下 来的来的), hidden(隐藏的隐藏的), lost/absorbed in (迷失迷失 于于), dressed in(穿着穿
10、着), tired of(厌烦厌烦)等。等。 Lost in thought, he didnt hear the bell. 由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。 过去分词过去分词作状语时，表示的动作与其逻辑主语作状语时，表示的动作与其逻辑主语 之间是动宾关系，之间是动宾关系，即表被动即表被动；动词动词-ing形式形式作作 状语时，通常与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，状语时，通常与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系， 即表主动即表主动。 三三. 过去分词与动词过去分词与动词-ing 形式作状语的区别：形式作状语的区别： e.g. Seen from the hill, th
11、e city looks like a big garden. （seen与与the city之间是逻辑上的被动关系）之间是逻辑上的被动关系） Seeing from the hill, you will find the city looks like a big garden. （you与与 seeing之间之间 是逻辑上的主动关系）是逻辑上的主动关系） 分词作状语，主语是问题。逗号前后两动作，分词作状语，主语是问题。逗号前后两动作， 共用一主语。共用一主语。 主语找出后。主动用现在分词，被动用过去分主语找出后。主动用现在分词，被动用过去分 词。词。 having done 表先后，千万要
12、牢记。表先后，千万要牢记。 分词作状语记忆口诀：分词作状语记忆口诀： Now look for more sentences with ed as adverbial in the reading passage. 2. Treated this way, youre sure to feel hurt. 1. Disappointed by his behaviour, I said all this to my best friend. 3. Approached in this way, your friendship will soon be repaired. 4. Filled w
13、ith anger, you tend to say whatever comes to your mind. Attracted by a particular article in a magazine, she bought it. Praised in class, she felt happy as well as ashamed. Shocked by the decision, Anne didnt know what to do. Rewrite the underlined sentences with the ed form. 藐视，轻视，瞧不起藐视，轻视，瞧不起 被被.吸
14、引吸引对对.感到满意感到满意 look down on 藐视，轻视，瞧不起藐视，轻视，瞧不起 look up to 钦佩，仰慕。尊敬钦佩，仰慕。尊敬 Read the plot summary and choose the correct form of the words. Inside out is animated film about the five emotions of a girl called Riley Joy, Sadness, Fear, Disgust and Anger. Influencing / Influenced mainly by Joy, most of
15、 Rileys memories are happy ones. 动画片动画片 n. 厌恶；憎恶；反感厌恶；憎恶；反感 Believing / Believed that she is Rileys most important emotion, Joy always tries to take the lead. Preventing / Prevented from ing Rileys emotional development, Sadness feels annoyed. When Riley moves to a new city, adjusting to her new sur
16、roundings. Sadness wants to but by accident causes the loss of Rileys happy core memories with Joy. 领先领先 adj. 恼怒的，烦恼的恼怒的，烦恼的 adj. 核心的（课程、团体等）核心的（课程、团体等） 适应；习惯适应；习惯做某事有困难做某事有困难 尽自己的责任尽自己的责任偶然，意外地偶然，意外地 在在.中起重要的作用中起重要的作用 Now separating/ separated from her friends and her beloved hockey team, Riley sta
17、rts to feel lost and helpless, and wants to run away from her parents and new school. Worried about her, Joy and Sadness try to work together to ensure she gets her core memories back. Eventually, realizing / realized that every emotion has a role, Joy understands it is okay for Riley to feel sad so
18、metimes. 把把.与与.分开分开 逃离逃离.,躲避躲避. v. 确保，保证确保，保证 It is +adj.+for sb. to do sth.对某人来说，做某事是对某人来说，做某事是.的的 Accepting sadness as part of life helps Riley deal with the emotional complexity of growing up, and settle down in her new life. 处理处理 n. 复杂性，错综复杂复杂性，错综复杂 （使）安定下来；平静下来（使）安定下来；平静下来 短语： 1.take the lead 领
19、先领先 2. play ones role in . 在在.中发挥某人的作用中发挥某人的作用 3. have a hard time doing sth. 做某事有困难做某事有困难 同义：同义：have difficulty/troble/problem (in) doing sth. 4.adjust to. 适应适应.，习惯，习惯. 5. do ones duty 尽自己的责任尽自己的责任 6. by accident 偶然，意外地偶然，意外地 = by chance 反义词：有意地，故意地反义词：有意地，故意地 by design, on purpose 7. separate. fro
20、m. 把把.与与.分开分开 8. run away from . 逃离逃离., 躲避躲避. 9. get sth. back 找回某物找回某物 10. settle down （使）安定下来；平静下来；（在某地）（使）安定下来；平静下来；（在某地） 安定下来安定下来 1 annoyed1 annoyed be annoyed with sbbe annoyed with sb be annoyed at sthbe annoyed at sth She was annoyed with me because She was annoyed with me because I was late.
21、I was late. He was extremely annoyed at the He was extremely annoyed at the newspaper report.newspaper report. 2 2 adjust to doing sth adjust to doing sth 习惯习惯/ /适应某事适应某事 adjust oneself to sth adjust oneself to sth 使自己适应某事使自己适应某事 Studying abroad can be stressful,because Studying abroad can be stress
22、ful,because you have to adjust to a new culture at you have to adjust to a new culture at the same time.the same time. It took her a while to adjust to living It took her a while to adjust to living alone.alone. adjust.to. adjust.to. 调整以适应调整以适应 You can adjust the belt to the size that You can adjust
23、 the belt to the size that you want.you want. make an adjustment to make an adjustment to 对对.做出调整做出调整 These animals made an adjustment to These animals made an adjustment to the new environment in a short time.the new environment in a short time. 3 settle down 3 settle down 安定下来，平静下来安定下来，平静下来 When t
24、he children settled down,he When the children settled down,he started to tell the storystarted to tell the story Everyone was tired and hoping that Everyone was tired and hoping that they would settle down as fast as they would settle down as fast as possible.possible. After he came back abroad,he d
25、ecided After he came back abroad,he decided to settle down in his hometown.to settle down in his hometown. used Raised 1.（2018北京单项填空改编）Ordinary soap, _ (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. 2. （重庆高考填空改编） _ (raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a
26、football star. 3. (北京高考单项填空改编）If _ (accept) for the job, youll be informed soon. accepted 在高考题中的应用在高考题中的应用 Absorbed 4.（天津高考单项填空改编） _(absorb) in painting, John didnt notice evening approaching . 5. （江西高考单项填空改编） _(spend) nearly all our money, we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel. Having spent 1.（安徽高考单
27、项填空改编）When _ (asked/asking) for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding(令人满足的）. 2. The boy lay in bed, _ (listened/listening) to music. 3. _ (Inspired/Inspiring) by Mr Chens speech, they decided to study science harder. 4._ (Based/Basing) on a true st
28、ory,the book tells how a housewife turns into a professional lawyer. 选词填空选词填空 _ 5. _ (Faced/Facing) with a choice between arts and science, the little girl didnt know which to choose. 6. Nervously _ (faced/facing) challenged, I know I will whisper(小声说) to myself the two simple words“ be yourself ”. 7. Our manager, _ (known/knowing) the products of our company was of poor quality, decided to give workers further training. _ Make up a story with at least 5 sentences, using -ed as adverbial.
