1、Tu YouYou Awarded Noble Prize Unit 1 People of achievement Reading and thinking Lead in Can you name some Chinese doctors who used herbs(草药) for treatment in ancient times? Lead in Hua Tuo was a renowned physician during the Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of China. The Book of Later Han
2、records Hua Tuo as the first person in China to use anesthesia(麻醉) during surgery. He used a general anesthetic combining wine with an herbal concoction called mafeisan (麻沸散) Lead in Lead in Li Shizhen was a famous medical scientist in Ming Dynasty. He wrote a famous book Compendium of Materia Medic
3、a(本草纲目本草纲目), which is a collection of Chinese herbs . It included 2000 Chinese herbs with millions of characters . He visited mountains, tasted different kinds of herbs and even did experiments on himself . It took him 37 years to finish the book ，which is considered to be a great contribution to th
4、e development of Chinese medicine. Lead in Tu Youyou,bornin1930in Ningbo,hasbeenapharmacologistat theChinaAcademyofChinese MedicineSciencesince1965, engaginginresearchofthe combinationofTCMandWM. TCM:traditionalChinesemedicine WM:westernmedicine Can you name a modern scientist who uses artemisinin a
5、s a new treatment for malaria? Lead in The discovery of artemisinin and its treatment of malaria is regarded as a breakthrough of tropical medicine in the 20th century. For her work, Tu received the 2011 Lasker Award in clinical medicine and the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Her name i
6、s taken from the Book Of Songs（诗经）（诗经） Tu Youyou won Nobel Prize for the discovery of Artemisinin(青青蒿蒿素素). Pre-Reading Questions effort talent We need talent to learn quickly and to think sharply. We should spare no effort to experiment through trial and error. Genius is one percent inspiration and
7、ninety-nine percent perspiration. Reading TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE This years Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner),whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of l
8、ives. and has led to improved health for millions of people. Over 200 million people around the worid get malaria each year, and about 600 ， 000 die from it, Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria. and is thought to save 100.000 lives a year in Africa alone. para.1 vocabula
9、ry 1. physiology n. 生理学；生理机能生理学；生理机能 2.award vt.把把奖给奖给,授予授予;判给判给,判定判定 3. crucial adj. 至关重要的；关键性的至关重要的；关键性的 4.vital adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的必不可少的；极其重要的 Question Time 1. Summarize this paragraph in one sentence. The significance of Tus discovery. TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE Reading Tu Youyou, a committed an
10、d patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China. On 30 December 1930， and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. After she graduated, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967. the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the obje
11、ctive of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen. In the beginning Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients. vocabulary 5. committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定尽心尽力的；坚定/信信的的 6. academy n. 研究院；学会研究院；学会 7. objective adj.
12、 客观的客观的 para. 2-1 TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE Question Time 1. Summarize the above para.2-1 in one sentence. Personal profile and early work experience. TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE 2. Why did Tu Youyou became the head of the project? A. She went to Hainan at first. B. She graduated from Peking U
13、niversity. C. She was committed and patient. D. It wasnt showed in the text. D. Reading 1969， she became the head of the project in Beijing and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional botanical treatments for the disease, Her team examined over 2， 000 old medical texts, a
14、nd evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties From their research. they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria. vocabulary 8. botanical adj. 植物学的植物学的 9. evaluate vt. 评价；评估评价；评估 10. property n. 性质；特征；性质；特征； 11.
15、 distinct adj. 清晰清晰/楚楚的；有区别的的；有区别的para. 2-2 TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE Question Time 1. Summarize the above para.2-2 in one sentence. Tus way to the treatment for malaria. TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE Reading One medical text from the fourth century suggested using the extract from sweet wormwoo
16、d to treat a fever. Tus team tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect. They then tried boiling fresh wormwood and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria, but this did not work either Their project got stuck. However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. She a
17、nalysed the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood. she concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties. vocabulary 12. extract n. 提取物提取物 13. boil v. （使）沸腾；煮开（使）沸腾；煮开 14. obtain vt. 获得；贏得获得；贏得
18、15. acknowledge vt. 承认承认;感谢感谢 16. defeat n. 失败；挫败失败；挫败 17. analyse vt. 分析分析 18. apparently adv. 显而易见；看来；显然显而易见；看来；显然 para. 3-1 TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE Question Time 1. Summarize the above para.3-1 in one sentence. Hard work leading to the discovery of the artemisinin. TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL P
19、RIZE 2. Which of the following statements is true according to the last three paragraphs? A. Tu Youyou led some ancient workers. B. It is the dried wormwood leaves that cured the disease. C. Tu Youyou got the idea by analysing. D. The boiling fresh wormwood was useful. C. Reading Using a lower tempe
20、rature to draw out the extract, she found a substance that worked. After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patien
21、ts, most of whom recovered. This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria. vocabulary 19. substance n. 物质；物品；事实根据物质；物品；事实根据 20. insist vi. vt. 坚持；坚决要求坚持；坚决要求 para. 3-2 TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE Question Time 1. Summarize the above para.3-2 in one sente
22、nce. The discovery of the artemisinin. TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE 2. Which of the following statements about artemisinin is NOT true according to the passage? A. It has saved so many lives. B. It has improved peoples health. C. It is a great discovery. D. It has saved 100, 000 lives a year in the
23、 world. D. Reading According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.This success proves the great value of traditional Chi
24、nese medicine. It is indeed an honour for Chinas scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. vocabulary 21. effort n.努力；尽力；努力的成果努力；尽力；努力的成果 22. scientific adj. 科学的；关于科学的科学的；关于科学的 23. spread vt.伸展；传播；覆盖伸展；传播；覆盖 para. 4 TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE Question Time 1. Summari
25、ze the para.4 in one sentence. TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE The honor of the discovery. Post reading Read the text again and choose the correct answers. 1. Whats the main theme of the text about? A. A Nobel Prize winner. B. The Nobel Prize. C. A new treatment for malaria. D. The process of the rese
26、arch. A. 2. Where would you most likely find this passage? A. in a blog . B. In a book . C. in a letter . D. In a newspaperD. Post reading 3. Which two pieces of information were not included in the passage? A. A quote from Tu Youyou B. The details of how artemisinin was discovered C. Tu Youyous imp
27、ortant contributions other than the discovery of artemisinin. D. Tu Youyous personal life. E. Tu Youyous road to discovering artemisinin F. What Tu Youyou was awarded. G. Why artemisinin is an important discovery. C. D. Post reading Find out what happened to Tu in the following years. Born in Ningbo
28、, China Graduated from Peking University Medical School Chosen to be the first researchers to discover a new treatment for malaria. Chosen to be the first researchers to discover a new treatment for malaria. Tested the medicine on themselves and later on patients. The medicine became a standard trea
29、tment for malaria. Awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine. Post reading over 2000 old medical texts 8,000 plants for properties. They found a medical text suggesting _ _ using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. driedwormwood leavesbutfoundnoeffect They tried _ _but_ _ boi
30、ling fresh wormwood and using the liquid lower temperature to draw out They tested the medicine_ _ to see if safe. on themselves malaria patients The medicine became _ _ . a standard treatment for malaria Tus team examined _, _and evaluated _ They tested _ _ _ this did not work either. They tested t
31、he medicine on _. They used a _ _ the sweet wormwood contract. Post reading Herteamexaminedover_oldmedicaltexts,andevaluated_plants fortheirmedicalproperties.Fromtheirresearch,theydiscoveredandtested_ distinctancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainst malaria. Afterfailedmoret
32、han_times,theteamfinallysucceededin1971. 2.000280.000 380 190 What numbers are mentioned in the text？ What qualities do the research team possess according to the data? What do they suggest? Discussing and thinking What kind of person makes great discoveries? confident intelligent generous modest un
33、selfish hard-working knowledgeable responsible perseverant determined careful patient energetic team work scientific spirirs committed brave Assignment Based on your discussion, write a passage entitled “Tu Youyou: Our Science Icon”. Tu Youyou has become famous in Chinese medicine research. Tu, who
34、was born in 1930 in Zhejiang Province, has been focusing on her research. In 1951, she was admitted into Beijing University. Later, she was rewarded the national advanced worker in 1994 and gained the award of outstanding contribution in 2011. In 2015 she won the Nobel Prize. As a result of Tus discovery, the lives of millions of people have been saved. Her devotion to science, from which we should learn, is the key to her success. Therefore, we ought to put our heart into our studies so that we can make contributions to our country in the future.
