1、Section B Learning About Language 课后篇巩固提升 基础夯实 .单词拼写 1.The company wanted to hire someone with experience,someone who knows about real (房 地产). 答案 estate 2.Tom looked embarrassed,as if he were a (间谍) whose cover had been blown. 答案 spy 3.I forgot to include my experience as an (会计) in my resume. 答案 ac
2、countant 4.A (贪婪的) young man in his neighbourhood heard the news and went into the cave himself. 答案 greedy 5.We are a minority and must win people round to the (正义) of our cause. 答案 justice 6.He was (指控) of robbing a bank and was sentenced to ten years in prison. 答案 accused 7.China is a (社会主义的) coun
3、try,and a developing country as well. 答案 socialist .短语填空 make great contributions to,come to a conclusion,of great importance,be accused of,be devoted to,in spite of,along with,make the most of 1.After the systematic investigation and study,they . 答案 came to a conclusion 2.We all hope to make the ac
4、quaintance of more people,which is to us. 答案 of great importance 3.With our knowledge based on practice,we can our society. 答案 make great contributions to 4.This company using misleading advertisements in its promotion of the diet pills. 答案 was accused of 5.Only when we realize the importance of hel
5、ping each other can we building a harmonious society. 答案 be devoted to 6.You had better your intelligence to serve the people. 答案 make the most of 7. the large-scale construction of roads and highways,there is still much room for improvement. 答案 In spite of 8. your wonderful innovation,you need to h
6、and in a report,explaining how you came up with the idea. 答案 Along with .写出画线部分的句子成分并翻译下列长句 1.This book can give you the answers to the questions most often asked by parents,teachers and students themselves. 答案过去分词短语作定语。句意:这本书可以给你父母、老师和学生自己最常问的问题的答案。 2.Walking together,my father and I used to have a
7、 lot of conversations through which I learned lessons from his experiences. 答案定语从句。句意:走在一起,我父亲和我曾经有很多对话,通过这些对话,我从他的经历中吸取了 教训。 3.The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities,even if they have the interest. 答案让步状语从句。句意:工程师们非常繁忙,即使他们有户外体育活动的兴趣也没有时间去做。 4.The school ru
8、les state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day,unless they are accompanied by an adult. 答案条件状语从句。句意:学校规章规定,除非有成年人陪同,否则孩子们在校期间不能出学校。 5.We should respect food and think about the people who dont have what we have here and treat food nicely. 答案宾语从句。句意:我们应该尊重食物,想想那些没有我们这里所拥有的东
9、西的人,好好对待食物。 6.Johns success has nothing to do with good luck.It is years of hard work that has made him what he is today. 答案强调句。句意:约翰的成功与好运无关。正是多年的努力使他成就了今天的自己。 7.No matter how carefully you plan your finances,no one can predict when the unexpected will happen. 答案宾语从句。句意:无论你对自己的财务计划得多么仔细,没有人会预测到什么时候
10、一些突发事件 会发生。 8.As a grass-roots singer,she reads everything she can get hold of concerning music,and takes every opportunity to improve herself. 答案定语从句。句意:作为一名草根歌手,她阅读她能得到的与音乐相关的所有资料,并且利用每一次 机会去提高自己。 素养提升 .阅读理解 主题语境:人与社会 语篇类型:记叙文 词数:332 难度: They asked Katherine Johnson for the moon,and she gave it to
11、 them.With little more than a pencil,a slide rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country,Mrs.Johnson,who died at 101 on Monday,calculated the precise trajectories(轨道) that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969 and,after Neil Armstrongs history-making moonwalk,let it return to
12、 Earth. Yet throughout Mrs.Johnsons 33 years in NASA and for decades afterward,almost no one knew her name. Mrs.Johnson was one of several hundred strictly educated,supremely capable yet largely unrecognised women who,well before the modern feminist movement,worked as NASA mathematicians.But it was
13、not only her sex that kept her long unsung.For some years at midcentury,the black women were subjected to a double segregation (隔离):They were kept separate from the much large group of white women who in turn were segregated from the agencys male mathematicians and engineers. Mrs.Johnson broke barri
14、ers at NASA.In old age,Mrs.Johnson became the most celebrated black women who served as mathematicians for the space agency.Their story was told in the 2016 Hollywood film Hidden Figures,which was nominated for three Oscars,including the best picture. In 2017,NASA dedicated a building in her honour.
15、That year,The Washington Post described her as “the most high-profile of the computers”“computers” being the term originally used to describe Mrs.Johnson and her colleagues,much as the word “typewriters” was used in the 19th century to represent professional typists. She “helped our nation enlarge t
16、he frontiers of space,”NASAs administrator,Jim Bridenstine,said in a statement on Monday,“even as she made huge steps that also opened doors for women and people of colour in the universal human quest to explore space.” As Mrs.Johnson herself was fond of saying,her tenure(任期) at Langley from 1953 un
17、til her retirement in 1986 was “a time when computers wore skirts”. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了约翰逊夫人对美国宇航局在数学计算方面 所作出的巨大贡献的事情,由于她的黑人身份,她多年后才被社会所认识。 1.What is the function of the first paragraph? A.To present the Apollo moon mission. B.To stress Mrs.Johnsons contributions. C.To honour Neil Armstrongs moon
18、walk. D To mourn a great womanMrs.Johnson. 答案 B 解析推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Mrs.Johnson,who died at 101 on Monday,calculated the precise trajectories that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969 and,after Neil Armstrongs history-making moonwalk,let it return to Earth.”可知,本段的作用就是在强调约翰逊夫人的重要贡献。 2.What does
19、 the underlined word “barriers” in paragraph 4 refer to? A.Gender inequality and color line. B.Mrs.Johnsons unrecognised talents. C.The agencys male mathematicians and engineers. D.The hardships before the modern feminist movement. 答案 A 解析词义猜测题。根据第三段提到的“黑人女性受到双重隔离,他们与大量白人女性分开,而这 些女性又与该机构的男性数学家和工程师分开
20、”可知,画线单词指的就是上文提到的“性别不平等和 种族界限”。 3.Why were Mrs.Johnson and her colleagues described as “computers”? A.Because they used computers to keep their work secret. B.Because they were the agencys human calculators. C.Because computer systems engaged them deeply. D.Because they opened a door to outer space.
21、 答案 B 解析细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“That year,The Washington Post described her as the most high-profile of the computerscomputers being the term originally used to describe Mrs.Johnson and her colleagues,much as the word typewriters was used in the 19th century to represent professional typists.”可知,他们都是美国宇航局的活
22、人计算器。 4.What can we learn from Mrs.Johnsons experience? A.Try things that may not work. B.The world awaits our discovery. C.Use knowledge to wipe out ignorance. D.Never be limited by the labels attached by others. 答案 D 解析推理判断题。通读全文可知,作为黑人,约翰逊夫人对美国的航天事业做出了巨大的贡献。她的 经历告诉我们,我们切不可却步于别人给我们所贴的标签。 .七选五 主题语境
23、:人与社会 语篇类型:说明文 词数:275 难度: Want to Be Happy at Work?Care Less About It A friend recently told me that she was ready to quit her job,explaining to me that there were big changes at her workplace and no way she could perform all her tasks on time. 1 For many of us introverts(内向的人),our professional effo
24、rts and results are a reflection of ourselves and our dedication to our employer.Because we arent the social butterflies of the office.We feel a need to prove to our superiors that we are smart,hard-working,and dependable.For people like me and my close- to-quitting friend,the concept of giving anyt
25、hing less than our best doesnt cross our mind. 2 We are disappointed and frustrated when we can t always achieve those standards. Its great to make a difference at work,but you have to take care of yourself first.Putting in slightly less effort in times of high stress doesnt mean you dont care about
26、 your job. 3 Consider this saying:The perfect is the enemy of the good.When you reduce the pressure on yourself to attain perfection,you can flow more quickly and easily through your tasks. 4 Here is my advice for you when you find yourself in the midst of panic. First,ask yourself:whats the worst t
27、hat will happen if I miss a deadline by one day? 5 Write down the specific tasks that are causing the feelings of stress.Talk it out with a friend or family member.You might discover that the situation isnt as horrible as you thought.By approaching your tasks one at a time you can make real progress
28、. A.We set high standards for ourselves. B.It means you care about yourself more. C.The pressure on yourself shouldnt be ignored. D.You might achieve more when you care less. E.As her friend whod been in a similar situation,I wanted to help. F.Next,slow down and analyze what,precisely,is stressing y
29、ou out. G.Freedom from the weight of perfection can be creatively liberating. 答案与解析 【语篇解读】作者劝解要辞职的朋友,工作中要想快乐,就要少一些担心,不考虑太多,不要太过 于追求工作中的完美。 1.E 文章首段叙述作者的一个朋友准备辞职和辞职的原因,故 E项 (作为以前也有过类似处境的朋 友,我想帮帮她。)符合语境。 2.A 下文写到“当我们不能总是达到那些标准时,我们会感到失望和沮丧”。A项(我们为自己设定了 很高的标准。)符合行文逻辑。 3.B 上句表示“在压力很大的时候,减少一点点努力并不意味着你不关心你的工作”,故 B 项(这意味 着你更关心自己。)符合要求。 4.G 根据上文中的信息词 perfect以及 perfection 可知,G 项符合语境。 5.F 上文介绍了作者的第一条建议,故 F项(下一步,放慢速度,分析一下确切来说是什么使你非常紧 张。)符合行文逻辑。
