1、1 阅读 P5657教材课文，选择最佳答案。 1Why did Tao Yuanming quit the service of the court? ABecause he was an influential figure of their day. BBecause he felt conflicted over life at court. CBecause he wanted to work the land. DBecause he liked living in a rural area. 2How did Thoreau feel about his life in the f
2、orest? APleased. BPuzzled. CDisappointed. DBored. 3What did Thoreau describe in his writings? AFields and villages. BChickens and dogs. CAnimals and plants. DMountains and rivers. 4What should we do if we want to attain personal wellbeing and fulfilment? ALive closer to nature. BIncrease material de
3、sires. CWalk a lot in the forest. DShare a respect for nature. 答案 14 BACA Words And Phrases 知识要点1 withdraw v退出 (教材 P57)Both men were happy to withdraw from contemporary life，seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their lives. 两人都乐于从当代的生活中抽身而退， 在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关 系。 例 1 The g
4、eneral decided to withdraw his soldiers. 那位将军决定撤军。 2 例 2 He failed to withdraw his remarks and apologize. 他既没收回前言，也没道歉。 造句 由于受伤，他不得不退出比赛。 He was forced to withdraw from the competition due to injury. 知识拓展 (1)withdraw from 从撤出，撤回 withdraw money from the bank 从银行取款 withdraw ones eyes from 把视线从移开(不再看)
5、withdraw a remark 收回发言 (2)withdrawal n. 收回；取回；撤回；撤退；撤走；取款 即学即练 单句语法填空 Tell the men to withdraw from their new position. Id like to withdraw 1，000 dollars from my savings account and put it in my cheque account. He has made several withdrawals(withdrawl)from his bank account. 小片段填空 It is still unknow
6、n how many troops Israel will withdraw at the current stage and when it will finish a complete withdrawal 知识要点2 resign v使自己顺从于(做)某事；安于；辞职；辞去(工作、职 位等) (教材 P57)Live in each season as it passes; breathe the air，drink the drink，taste the fruit，and resign yourself to the influences of each. 度过每一个季节； 呼吸空气
7、， 喝水， 品尝水果， 让自己感受它们对你的影响。 例 1 Wilberforce then resigned from government in 1825 and died in 1833. 威尔伯福斯于 1825 年从政府辞职，1833 年去世。 例 2 Ive resigned myself to staying in again tonight. 我今晚还是只能待在家里。 造句 在任何情况下，我们都不能听天由命。 In no situation shall we resign ourselves to our fate. 3 知识拓展 resign ones post/positio
8、n 辞去职务 resign oneself to (doing)sth. 听任/顺从/只好接受(做)某事 resign.to. 把托付给 resign from. 从辞职 即学即练 单句语法填空 I resign my son to your care while I am away. You must resign yourselves to waiting(wait)a bit longer. She resigned from the committee because she needed to take care of her disabled husband. 知识要点3 ease
9、 n舒适，放松，悠闲 vt.减轻(痛苦、忧虑)；缓和 (教材 P57)In todays modern world，their ideas about living simply and being at ease with nature may take us a step closer to attaining personal well- being and fulfilment. 在当今现代世界里， 他们关于简朴生活及与自然和谐相处的思想可能会让我 们离获得安乐和满足更近一步。 例 1 The most universal facial expression is，of course，
10、the smile its function is to show happiness and put people at ease. 最通用的面部表情当然是微笑其作用是表示快乐和使人感到自在。 例 2 My parents are retired and now live a life of ease. 现在，我的父母都退休了，过着安闲舒适的生活。 造句 微笑表示你感到高兴，它能使人感到自在。 A smile is a sign that you are happy，which helps put people at ease. 知识拓展 (1)take ones ease 使某人放松一下
11、at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在 put sb.at ease 使某人感到轻松自在；使某人安心 feel/look at ease 感到/看上去心情放松 with ease 容易地；毫不费劲地 (2)ease sb.of sth. 减轻某人的(痛苦、负担等) 4 即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 He handed her a cup of coffee to put her at ease. I dont feel at ease in the strange place. 在这个陌生的地方，我觉得很不自在。 Now he can put his mind at ease because
12、 he has passed the examination with ease 现在他可以放心了，因为他已经轻松地通过了考试。 小片段填空 I eased him of his difficulty by telling him what to do.Now he feels at ease. 知识要点4 evaluate v评估，评价 (教材 P58)A comparative essay compares，contrasts and evaluates two or more topics. 比较类文章比较、对比和评价两个或两个以上的主题。 例 1 I cant evaluate his
13、 ability without seeing his work. 我没有看到他的工作情况，无法评论他的能力。 例 2 The school has only been open for six months，so its hard to evaluate its success now. 该学校仅开办了六个月，所以现在还很难估计它的成就。 造句 这项证据应当仔细地评定。 The evidence should be carefully evaluated. 知识拓展 (1)evaluate sb.on/by 根据评价某人 (2)evaluation n. 估计；评价 make an eval
14、uation of 对进行评估 即学即练 单句语法填空/句型转换 We must evaluate her ability on/by her work. We must evaluate(evaluate)the consequences caused by the fire. We must make an evaluation of the consequences caused by the fire. 小片段填空 At present，there exist some problems in the evaluation of teachers.Schools 5 should pe
15、rfect the means of evaluation Sentence Pattern 重点句式 while 引导让步状语从句 (教材 P56)While Tao s return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to，Thoreau s was a personal decision to transform the way he lived. 陶渊明回归自然是对他所反对的生活方式的一种反应， 而梭罗则是个人的决 定，为了改变他的生活方式。 句式分析：句中 while 引导让步状语从句，相当于 althoug
16、h/though。 例 1 While he was tired，he went on working. 虽然他累了，但他还是继续工作。 例 2 While I admit that the problems are difficult，I dont agree that they cannot be solved. 尽管我承认这些问题很棘手，但我不同意说它们无法解决。 造句 虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。 While he loves his students，he is very strict with them. 知识拓展 (1)while 用作并列连词，表对比，意为“而”。 (
17、2)while 用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“在期间，当的 时候”。从句中的谓语动词通常是延续性动词。 (3)while 用作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，相当于 although/though。 (4)while 用作从属连词，引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”，相当于 as long as。 (5)while 用作名词， 意为“一会儿； 一段时间” 。 此时主要用于短语中： after a while 过了一会儿；for a while 暂时，一会儿；all the while 一直，始终等。 即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 Some people waste fo
18、od while others havent enough. While there is life，there is hope. 只要有生命就有希望。 While she was listening to the radio，she fell asleep. 6 她听着收音机睡着了。 He sat for a while， thinking about what Janice had said to him.他坐了一会儿， 想着贾妮丝跟他说过的话。 段落大意题 段落大意题主要考查段落的主要意思， 是对一个段落的基本内容的简缩和概 括。概括、总结、归纳段落大意就是用准确的、简练的语言把一个段落
19、的主要意 思明确而完整地表达出来。 【例文】 Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn，but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effortt
20、he desire to explore， explain， and understand our world is simply something that comes from our babyhood.Perhaps evolution(进化)provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds，and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children.The same
21、cognitive(认知的)systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists.As some psychologists put it， “It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.” What is the main idea of the paragraph? AThe world may b
22、e more clearly explained through childrens play. BStudying babies play may lead to a better understanding of science. CChildren may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists. DOnes drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows. 试题特点 此类试题多在说明文和议论文中所涉及的各类话题如社会文化类、 科普知识
23、类等进行考查。 解题思路 7 Step 1：用略读法快速查找段落主题句 (中句) Step 2：详读把儿童时期的发展视为一项科学调查，可以揭示孩子们是 如何学习的，但同时提供了科学和科学家鼓舞人心的一面。 Step 3：尝试解答根据主题句及最后一句话“It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.”(不是孩子是小科学家而是科学 家是大孩子)可知选 B。 名师点津 做题时要特别注意所问段落的首句和尾句(首尾兼顾)。一是因为它们往往体 现主旨要义， 二是因为利用这些信息可以迅速提
24、炼段落结构框架， 在框架下的主 旨判断，其准确性更高。 针对性练习 A A separate concert，“Songs We Love” ， found Bridgewater singing less politically charged (but still exciting)fare like St.James Infirmary，which appears on her most recent album.In words as well as music， this period reveals how seriously Bridgewater takes that resp
25、onsibility，seeing as how it connects to her own experience in the jazz lineage.But maybe “seriously” isnt the right word when it comes to Dee Dee， whose effervescence(欢腾， 活泼)shines through even in a reflective mood.Join her here for a while; shes excellent company，no more or less so now that mastery
26、 is officially a part of her resume. What does the paragraph mainly talk about? ABridgewaters music theme. BBridgewaters music experience. CBridgewaters personal characters. DBridgewaters great achievements. A 段落大意题。根据文中的“singing less politically charged.”可知，她 的歌曲政治味不太强烈，故本段主要讲了布里姬沃特的音乐主题。 B There i
27、s a breakthrough in building aircrafts.Bendable wings covered with 8 overlapping(部分重叠)pieces resembling fish sizes could be used to build swifter， fuelefficient aircraft，a new study finds. Nowadays，conventional aircrafts typically rely on ailerons(副翼)to help control the way the planes tip as they fl
28、y.However，when the Wright brothers flew the first airplane， Flyer 1， over a century ago， they used no ailerons but wires and pulleys that twisted the woodandcanvas wings，to control the plane. Scientists have long sought to develop aircrafts that can alter their wings during flight，just as birds can.
29、However，most previous attempts have failed because they relied on heavy mechanical control structures within the wings.These structures were also complex and unreliable，said Neil Gershenfeld，a physicist and director of the Center for Bits and Atoms at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). The
30、 new wing consists of a system of tiny，strong，lightweight modules.The shape of the wing can be changed uniformly along its length using two small motors， which apply a twisting pressure to each wingtip.These wings are covered in“skins” of overlapping strips of flexible material resembling fish sizes
31、.These strips move across each other as the wings alter， providing a smooth outer surface， the researchers explained. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? AThe shape of the new wings. BThe result of the tested wings. CThe function of the small motors. DThe working principle of the new wings. D 段落大意题。 根据文章第四段内容可知， 本段主要讲述了新机翼的工作 原理。故选 D。
