1、中考总复习 语法专题语法专题 专题十五专题十五 定语从句定语从句 中考总复习 1 2 考点梳理考点梳理 中考特训中考特训 This is the present that my father gave me for my birthday. Do you know the man who is wearing glasses？ 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做 定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词，定语 从句放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关 系代词和关系副词。 考点梳理考点梳理 先行词 关系代词 先行词 关系代词 关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句，在先行 词和定语从句之间起
2、纽带作用，使两者联系起来。 关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分 。关系代词做主语、宾语、定语，关系副词可作状 语。 考点梳理考点梳理 用法 例子 1. 作主语，指人，用关 系代词who或that，指物 用关系代词which或that。 关系代词在定语从句中 作主语时，从句的谓语 动词的人称和数必须与 先行词一致。 I dont like the student who/that is lazy. 我不喜欢懒惰的学生。 A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words. 字典是解释单词意思的书。 2. 作宾语，指人，用关 系
3、代词who，whom或 that，指物用that或which。 关系代词在句中作宾语 时常可省略。 She is the girl who/whom/that we talked about yesterday. 她是我们昨天谈论的女孩。 These are the books that/which you gave me yesterday. 这些是你昨天给我的书。 考点梳理考点梳理 用法 例子 3. 作定语，指人或物用 关系代词whose。 Whats the name of the young man whose father is a doctor？ 你知道那位父亲是医生的年轻人 的名
4、字吗？ 4. 作状语，指地点用 where，指时间用when。 Ill never forget the day when we first went to Beijing. 我永远忘不了我们第一次去北京 的日子。 This is the house where we lived last year. 这是我们去年住的房子。 考点梳理考点梳理 注意：关系代词whom，which在定语从句中作介词 的宾语，可以和介词一起放先行词和定语从句之间。 其它关系代词没有这个用法。 eg. That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. Tha
5、t was the room where we had lived for ten years. 这是我们住了十年的房间。 只能使用that，不能用which的情况 考点梳理考点梳理 用法 例子 1. 先行词是all，few， little，none，nothing， everything，anything等不 定代词。 All that he said is not true. 他说的全不真实。 2. 先行词被only，the very，the last，no，any， all等词修饰时。 He is the only foreigner that has been to that plac
6、e. 他是去过那个地方的唯一一个外 国人。 考点梳理考点梳理 用法 例子 3. 先行词由序数词或最 高级修饰的词。 This is the best book that I have read this year. 这是我今年读过的最好的书。 4. 先行词既包括人又包 括物时。 He talked about the people and the things that he remembered. 他谈论他记得的人和事。 5. 当主句中含有疑问词 who或which时。 Who is the man that is standing over there？ 站在那边的那位男士是谁？ 考点梳理
7、考点梳理 注意： 1. 定语从句由介词关系代词引导，先行词是物时 ，只能用which；先行词是人时，只能用whom，不 能用that。 eg. The thing about which he is talking is of great importance. 他正在谈论的事情很重要。 This is the friend to whom I talk a lot. 这是跟我谈话很多的朋友。 考点梳理考点梳理 2. 先行词是代词时，先判断其指代人还是指代物， 再决定用哪个引导词。 eg. I dont like those who talk much but do little. 我不喜欢说
8、得多做得少的人。 The sleeping tigers are bigger than those which are trained there. 这睡着的老虎们比那些被训练的大。 考点梳理考点梳理 一、语法单项选择。 （ ）1. Not all children watch this video will become a scientist，but some may become interested in science. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose C 中考特训中考特训 （ ）2. Amazing China （厉害了我的国） is one o
9、f the best documentaries I have ever seen. I cant agree more. A. which B. that C. who D. whom B 中考特训中考特训 （ ）3. I am looking forward to visiting Beijing Daxing International Airport opened on September 25，2019. A. which B. where C. who D. whom A 中考特训中考特训 （ ）4. Is this the river in I can swim？ No，it i
10、snt. You cant swim here because the water is polluted badly. A. which B. who C. that D. the one A 中考特训中考特训 （ ）5. A child often has family dinners will be in closer relationship with . his/her parents. A. who；all B. which；both C. who；both D. which；all C 中考特训中考特训 （ ）6. Perter，whats wrong with you？ The
11、re is something keeps worrying me. A. that B. which C. who D. whom （ ）7. How do you pay when you go shopping abroad？ By using AliPay（支付宝） is so easy and safe. A. what B. who C. which D. whose C A 中考特训中考特训 （ ）8. Have you found the information about famous people you can use for the report ？ Not yet.
12、Ill search some online. A. which B. who C. what D. whom A 中考特训中考特训 （ ）9. Peppa Pig （小猪佩奇） is a British cartoon has been popular in China and is much loved by little children and their parents. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose （ ）10. Id like to tell you about the table manners you should know when yo
13、u visit France. A. which B. who C. what D. how B A 中考特训中考特训 二、短文填空单句训练。 1. Mr. Chen is an engineer is lost in gambling（赌博）. One day， he lost millions of dollars when he spent his vacation in Las Vegas（拉斯 维加斯）. 2. Do you know the girl is talking to your brother？ who/that who/that 中考特训中考特训 3. Mr. Liu
14、is the person with I am working. 4. The ticket I bought for you cost me 50 yuan. 5. The first thing I will do is to call my parents. whom which/that that 中考特训中考特训 6. He can give me everything he has. 7. This is the most useful book I have ever read. 8. I prefer movies give me something to think abou
15、t. that that which/that 中考特训中考特训 三、小语篇训练。 November 11 is the date 1 the young generations consider as the Singles Day as well as the online shopping carnival（狂欢节）. Online shopping has been much more fashionable， especially after Jack Ma 2 is the CEO of Tmall and Taobao， had the idea of “Double Eleve
16、n”. The advantages of online shopping include cheaper pieces， 中考特训中考特训 fast searching， comparing between products， and saving time. The shoppers can check reviews and recommendations（建议） 3 are about the products from other buyers before they make their decisions. It is truly global so people can buy
17、 the best products from all over the world. Distance is no longer a problem because most sellers provide an express service（快递服务） and goods will be sent straight 中考特训中考特训 to the door quickly. You dont even need to get out of your house or go to the shops. You can stay at home with a nice cup of tea
18、and just click your mouse to choose the article you like. Online shopping is very convenient， but there is always a trap. Shoppers 4 buy products online are worried that the products may be different from what they have expected. Online shopping has proved 中考特训中考特训 to be unsafe enough. Online shoppe
19、rs have to fill in their personal information and credit card information， 5 can be stolen and used by skillful hackers. It will increase the risk of losing money. So we should be careful enough to avoid these problems when we enjoy online shopping. 中考特训中考特训 （ ）1. A. which B. who C. when D. whom （ ）
20、2. A. whom B. which C. what D. who （ ）3. A. that B. whom C. who D. what （ ）4. A. which B. why C. who D. whom （ ）5. A. which B. where C. when D. who A D A C A 中考特训中考特训 四、语法选择。 Do you know how to study better and make your study more effective（有效率的）？ We all know that Chinese students usually study ver
21、y hard 1 . long hours. This is very good. However， it doesnt help a lot because 2 efficient（高效的） student must have enough sleep， enough food and enough rest and exercise. Every day you need to go 中考特训中考特训 out for a walk or 3 some friends or some places. Its good for your study. When you return to yo
22、ur study， your mind will be refreshed（恢复精神的） and youll learn 4 . and study better. Psychologists（心理学家） have found that learning takes place this way. 5 . English learning for an example. First you make a lot of progress and you feel 6 . Then your language 中考特训中考特训 study seems 7 the same， so you will
23、 think youre learning 8 and you may give up. This can last for days or even weeks. Yet you 9 give up. At some points your language study will again take another big jump. You will see 10 you really have been learning all along. If you get enough sleep， food， rest and exercise， studying English can b
24、e very effective and interesting. Dont give up along the way. Learn slowly and youre sure to get a good result. 中考特训中考特训 （ ）1. A. at B. in C. on D. for （ ）2. A. a B. an C. the D. / （ ）3. A. visit B. visiting C. visits D. visited （ ）4. A. much B. more C. many D. the most （ ）5. A. Takes B. To take C. Take D. Taking D B A B C 中考特训中考特训 （ ）6. A. happy B. happily C. unhappy D. unhappily （ ）7. A. stay B. staying C. stayed D. to stay （ ）8. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything （ ）9. A. should B. shouldnt C. could D. couldnt （ ）10. A. whether B. if C. that D. where A D C B C 中考特训中考特训
