1、中考总复习 题型专题训练题型专题训练 专题四专题四 短文填空短文填空 中考总复习 1 3 直击重点直击重点 2 名师点拨名师点拨 中考特训中考特训 中考短文填空历来是考生的难点，其考查内容 主要有：1. 考查对文章的整体理解、对上下文段落 衔接的逻辑思维和判断能力；2. 考查对词汇意义、 用法、常见搭配、语法规则、句型等的理解和运用 ；3. 考查对生活中常见事实的推理和判断能力。 直击重点直击重点 一、解题思路： 1定意：通读全文，了解大意。培养学生到整篇 文章中去寻找需要的信息的能力。 2定性：分析句子的句法结构，确定词性。 3定形：分析句子的时态、语态和句法结构来确 定用词形式。 二、常考
2、词性：名词、动词、代词 、冠词、介词 、连词、形容词和副词。 名师点拨名师点拨 三、做短文填空可以从以下几个方面着手： 1从语法方面考虑。短文填空题所涉及的语法内 容通常包括：名词(注意单复数)、动词的形式(原形 、第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式、过去分词) 、形容词和副词(包括比较级、最高级)、代词(人称 代词主格和宾格、形容词性物主代词)、冠词 (a/an/the)、介词(in/on/at/of/with/for)和连词 (and/but/because) 的选用等。 名师点拨名师点拨 2从习惯用法和固定搭配方面考虑。根据对历年 试题的分析，每年的考题均有至少4个空可以通过 习惯用法和固定
3、搭配完成，所以在平时的复习中， 务必要重视常见短语的积累。 3从上下文的结构和语境方面考虑。 名师点拨名师点拨 4先易后难。在做题过程中遇到个别空格填不出 的，可以适当跳过，待全部完成后，再考虑填不出 的空格，这样未知的信息就越来越少。当明确空格 的意思后，可以把与表达此意有关的词罗列出来， 找出最好的和最有把握的词填进去。 5检查错误。在填完后，应该将短文重新审读一 次，检查答案是否有不合题意的或有语法错误等。 名师点拨名师点拨 (一一)(2020 广东中考广东中考) Jane is a warmhearted girl. She is only ten years old. _1_she
4、has big ideas of helping other kids. Jane took part in a winter camp_2_ the age of eight. During her stay in the camp，she went to visit some kids in poor areas. She felt sad that the kids there didnt have new clothes to_3_ and toys to play with. After she returned home, she kept thinking about _4_ t
5、o do to help those kids. 中考特训中考特训 One morning Jane saw some elder kids selling lemon juice by the street. They wanted to raise_5_ to help their friends. Then she came up with an_6_. With the help of her mother, Jane_7_ up her first lemonade stand(摊档)In a week，it made $52 Although it was only a _8_ m
6、oney, she helped 12 kids with it! She felt very excited when she saw smiles on_9_ faces. 中考特训中考特训 After that, her mother helped her start a program called Janes Lemonade for Love. Up till now, she has already raised_10_ than $17，000! She is going to spend the money on clothes, toys and books for the
7、 poor kids. 中考特训中考特训 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 6. _ 7. _ 8. _ 9. _ 10. _ But at wear what money idea set little their more 中考特训中考特训 (二二) Do you know how rice first came to China? There is an old Chinese story _1_ is about a little girl who went out to fish. There was famine(饥荒) and everybody was very
8、 _2_ . The little girl felt her net growing heavy _3_ was very happy. However, she found only one frog in her net. It was the King of Frogs that she caught. The 中考特训中考特训 frog told her to hold out her fishing net to the suns rays and he would _4_ a magic song. The little girl followed his instruction
9、s. _5_ was greatly surprised to see the rays of sunshine falling through the net. And they were changed _6_ golden grains(谷粒) of rice. The first rice was thought to arrive in this way. We do not know whether this story is true, but it tells us that rice has the _7_ value as gold to the 中考特训中考特训 Chin
10、ese. Rice is always the main _8_ for the Chinese. For centuries, much land has been devoted (奉献)to rice-planting and many Chinese people are _9_， who work very hard for each grain. Its important to _10_ food and say no to waste. After all, waste not, want not. 中考特训中考特训 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 6. _
11、7. _ 8. _ 9. _ 10. _ which/that hungry and sing She into/to same food farmers save 中考特训中考特训 (三三) Earning a high salary in a big city is many peoples dream. However, Li gave _1_ his attractive job with an annual salary(年薪) of 300，000 yuan. And then he _2_ to his hometown of Suixi in Zhanjiang, South
12、Chinas Guangdong province. Now he is the head of the Beipoxu Service Station. His job is to help villagers buy products online and sell 中考特训中考特训 all kinds of agricultural products through _3_ Internet. The job seems simple, but for him _4_ is a way to change traditional agriculture and help the _5_
13、become rich. Li was born in 1984 in Suixi county. Li entered the Alibaba Group _6_ he graduated from the university. In July 2015, Li gave up his _7_ and worked in his hometown. After changing his job, Li still gets up at 中考特训中考特训 7：30 every morning, eats breakfast and then goes to work. The only di
14、fference is his life and working environment. He used to take the bus and subway, and work in an office with the air conditioner on. But now he _8_ a motorbike to farmlands and explains e- commerce to farmers. Many villagers in Suixi dont know how to use the Internet. They sell dry seafood and agric
15、ultural 中考特训中考特训 products at a _9_ price in the traditional way. However, _10_ the help of ecommerce, local specialties can be sold to cities around the country and even to foreign countries. 中考特训中考特训 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 6. _ 7. _ 8. _ 9. _ 10. _ up returned the it villagers after job rides low
16、 with 中考特训中考特训 (四四) The first week of my summer vacation was exciting. I was free! I _1_ much time on my phone without doing my homework. Mom was _2_ and told me I could only use it between 7：00 pm. and 9： 00 pm. I felt lost _3_ kept asking myself what fun I could have during the day. Mom offered _4
17、_ a 中考特训中考特训 challenge. If I could follow _5_ same ant for ten minutes, I would get a prize. I thought for a while and agreed. I chose the biggest _6_ in the yard and followed it. I saw it _7_ a bridge to cross a deep hole. I dropped some bread and soon it began to eat. It even brought friends to ca
18、rry some home. I never thought watching ants could be so much fun. 中考特训中考特训 After that, I found other _8_ things to do. I built a house for birds, planted trees in the yard and borrowed books _9_ the library. Though I didnt use my _10_ often, I had a fantastic summer. I am not addicted to the phone
19、any more. 中考特训中考特训 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 6. _ 7. _ 8. _ 9. _ 10. _ spent angry/worried and me the ant build/built interesting from phone 中考特训中考特训 (五五) There was once a king who had a great palace with a beautiful garden. In the garden, there lived all kinds of animals. All of them enjoyed living
20、there. There was only one thing that the king hated in the garden：an old _1_ in the centre of the garden. It was so old and dry. This made the king _2_ angry that he finally asked some people to cut it down and 中考特训中考特训 turned the place into a swimming pool. However, after the tree was cut down, the
21、 animals _3_ the garden. Without the animals, the garden was not so _4_ as before. The king was sad, _5_ he didnt know what had happened. A young man went to the king, and said he could explain _6_ had happened. “This was because you _7_ the old tree down，” said the young man. 中考特训中考特训 “There were t
22、housands _8_ moths(飞蛾) that lived in the tree. Birds needed the moths to eat and then they produced wastes for plants to grow. The plants then attracted many other animals to your garden. So your garden became very beautiful. But as you cut the tree down, the_9_ had to leave. ” 中考特训中考特训 “Excellent！”
23、 said the king, “Ill make you rich and you will try to make my garden beautiful again. ” “Im afraid _10_ will take many years to finish it. To get back the natural balance will take many years ，” said the young man. The king was sad, but all he could do was just to wait. 中考特训中考特训 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _
24、 5. _ 6. _ 7. _ 8. _ 9. _ 10. _ tree so left beautiful but what cut of animals it 中考特训中考特训 (六六) A successful businessman was invited to a TV interview. Everybody couldnt wait to hear his SUCCESS from him. _1_， he only said with a smile. “Wont it be better for me to ask you for help on a certain prob
25、lem? ” All the people were listening to him _2_ . Here is his problem. He said, “People all rushed to the place 中考特训中考特训 where a gold mine(矿) had just been discovered. But when they got there, they found they were stopped by a _3_ in front of it. They had to _4_ the river if they wanted to get to th
26、e gold mine. What would you do if you were among them？” “Make another way”， someone suggested. “Swim across”said another. _5_ businessman smiled without saying any word. Finally he gave his 中考特训中考特训 idea. “Why not do _6_ different instead of rushing to the mine ? How about buying a _7_ to offer the
27、ferry(渡船) service？” The listener were all surprised. He then explained calmly. “The man who bought the boat could _8_ a lot of money by taking the passengers to the other bank. They would like to pay for the ferry _9_ there was gold on the other bank. ” 中考特训中考特训 Do what the others havent thought of
28、or do something that others have never tried beforethat is the key _10_ success. A difficult situation, in the eyes of a wise man, often means a chance of success. 中考特训中考特训 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 6. _ 7. _ 8. _ 9. _ 10. _ However carefully river cross The something boat make because to 中考特训中考特训 (七
29、七) One day, a man was walking by the corner of a street. Here he met_1_ little boy holding a bird cage and selling the birds inside. He stopped, and _2_ very sadly at the birds without freedom in front of him. The birds were screaming in the cage, trying to fly _3_. After standing for a moment, he s
30、aid to the boy， “ How much does your bird _4_？ I want. ” 中考特训中考特训 “One fifty cents, sir，” the boy answered quickly. The man said, “I would like to buy all of _5_ . How much do you want for them. ” Hearing this, the boy happily counted the number of the _6_in the cage. “They cost five dollars. ” 中考特训
31、中考特训 “Here is the _7_ ! ”The man passed the money. The boy counted excitedly. However, he then was_8_ to find all the birds had flown away. “Oh, my god, _9_ what reason did you do that, sir? You dont even get a bird！” The boy asked the man who set the birds free. “My boy, let me tell you_10_I did th
32、is. ” The man said, “I have no right to get them. Every life should be free and they are our friends. So we should give them freedom. ” 中考特训中考特训 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 6. _ 7. _ 8. _ 9. _ 10. _ a looked away cost them birds money surprised for why 中考特训中考特训 (八八) Mr. Happy always woke up with a sunn
33、y smile. He was one of the _1_ cheerful men in the world. His smile was even brighter than the sun. However, he had one secret that made him sad, but nobody knew about it. Then one day, while going out _2_ a walk, Mr. Happy met Miss Beautiful. Mr. Happy smiled as usual 中考特训中考特训 and Miss Beautiful _3
34、_ back. But then she stopped and looked at Mr. Happy _4_. “How rude！” she shouted. “Young man, dont you know that you should raise your hat_5_ you meet a lady？” For _6_ first time in his life, Mr. Happy lost his smile. “Im sorry, Miss Beautiful. ”replied Mr. Happy, “But without my _7_ on, Im not ver
35、y good- looking and that makes _8_ sad. ” 中考特训中考特训 “Really？” asked Miss Beautiful. “Will, let me see. I promise to _9_ the secret. ” Mr. Happy lifted his hat. He had the total of only three _10_ on his head！“ Is that all youre worried about？” asked Miss Beautiful. “Why? Your bright sunny smile is lo
36、ved by everybody, not how many hairs you have！” Miss Beautiful smiled. Ever since that day, Mr. Happy hasnt stopped smiling. He is always quick to raise his hat to everyone he meets. 中考特训中考特训 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 6. _ 7. _ 8. _ 9. _ 10. _ most for smiled angrily when/as/if the hat me keep hairs 中考特训中考特训
