1、birthplace n. novel n&adj. boyhood n. phrase n. author n. narrator n. bet n&vi.&vt. penniless adj. pavement n. businessman n. ahead adv. bay n. nightfall n. passage n unpaid adj. embassy n. charity n. steak n. pineapple n. dessert n. scream vi.&n. genuine adj. issue vt.&vi. fake n&adj. rag n. bow vi
2、.&n. barber n 1(2020 浙江卷)One morning I spotted a lost lamb when I was in the top field， near where a motorway cuts through my land. 看见 2(2019 北京卷)Im writing to give you a full account of my unforgettable experience in a farmwork programme. 描述 3(2016 全国卷)From that point Shackleton wanted to force a p
3、assage by dogs sled across the continent. 通道 单词 拼写 运用 核心单词 语境运用 1wander vi.漫游；漫步；漂泊 2envelope n信封 3scene n(戏剧)一场；现场；场面； 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1At that moment, they saw a young man wandering (wander) on the pavement 景色 4spot vt.发现；认出 n斑点；污点；地点 5account vi.&vt.认为；说明；总计有 n说明；理由；计算；账目 6seek vt.&vi.寻找；探索；寻求 7cont
4、rary n反面；对立面 adj.相反的；相违的 8manner n礼貌；举止；方式 9indeed adv.真正地；确实；实在 10stare vi.凝视；盯着看 11fault n过错；缺点；故障 12amount n数量 outside their house. 2 It is good manners (manner) for an Arab to stand close to his friends when they are talking. 3They were trying to seek (seek) a place to shelter from the rain，but
5、they failed. 4It was the heavy rain that accounted (account) for the absence of so many students. 5On the way，we spotted (spot) a man holding a piece of paper that said， “Lost my job.Family to feed.” 6 (2019 全国卷)Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts (amount) w
6、ere forbidding to most citizens. 派生单词 语境运用 1adventure n奇遇； 冒险 adventurous adj.冒险的 2permit vt.&vi.许可； 允许； 准许 n. 通行证； 许可证； 执照 permission n许可 3 patient adj.能忍耐的； 有耐心的 n病 人，患者 patience n耐性； 忍耐 patiently adv.耐心地；有毅力地 4believe v相信belief n信任；信 心；信仰 believable adj.可信的 unbelievable adj.难以置信的 5 rude adj.粗鲁的；
7、无礼的rudely adv. 粗鲁地rudeness n粗鲁 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1I will come if time permits, but I should ask for my headmasters permission first.(permit) 2Although the patient was out of patience, the nurse was still patient with her work and did it patiently(patience) 3 It was rude of you to injure his pride last ni
8、ght, so you owe him an apology for your rudeness(rude) 4Believe it or not, I hold the firm belief that he is an honest and reliable man. It was unbelievable that such an honest fellow should have betrayed his friends.(believe) 短语 理解 运用 高频短语 语境运用 1bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出 2account for 是的原因；解释 3a large am
9、ount of 许多；大量 4take a chance 冒险 5in rags 衣衫褴褛 6make a bet 打赌 7on the scene 在现场 填入一个适当的词。 Mark Twain was brought up in Missouri in the middle part of the United States.When he grew up，he took a chance to work as a pilot on a river boat.Later， he decided to become a writer， which helped him make a lar
10、ge amount of money.Many of Mark Twains novels have been translated into other languages， which accounts for the reason why he and his works are deeply loved by readers throughout the world. 8go ahead 前进；(用于祈使句)可以； 往下说 9as for 关于；至于 10from the bottom of ones heart 发自 内心 11find fault with 吹毛求疵；找毛病 12s
11、tare at 盯着看；凝视 13on the contrary 与此相反；正相反 14by accident 偶然；无意中；不小心 填入一个适当的词。 I got so fed up with waiting for him to do it that I just went ahead and did it myself.As for me，it was how to do it in a short time that was of great importance.To tell the truth，I didnt like him from the bottom of my hear
12、t as he liked finding fault with people who talked with him on the spot. 句式 辨识 运用 教材原句背诵 句式结构仿写 1find宾语宾语补足语 Well，towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. 当我到达美国后，我发现自己生活在一 个完全陌生的文化中。 After I arrived in America, I found myself living in a completely foreign culture. 2 ha
13、d just done.when.刚做完， 这时 The next morning Id just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 她刚穿戴完毕，客人们就来了。 She had just finished dressing when her guests arrived. 3主语从句： It is.that. Well，it is well- known that Americans like to eat a lot. 众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。 It is wellknown that Chin
14、a is a developing country. 4whenever 引导让步状语从句 Indeed, sir, I hope youll come here whenever you like. 无论什么时候我犯错误，老师都耐心地 指出。 Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with patience. 1permit vt.&vi.许可；允许；准许 n通行证；许可证；执照 高考原句 天津卷Mobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the li
15、brary. (1)permitn./pron./doing 允许 permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 (2)permission nU许可，允许 ask for permission 请求许可 with/without ones permission 得到某人的允许/未经某人的许可 a parking permit 停车许可证 apply for a permit 申请许可证 weather permitting 天气允许的话 基础练习单句语法填空 You can read the daily newspapers, magazines and other books h
16、ere, but you are not permitted to take(take) them out. The visitors are reminded that we dont permit smoking(smoke) in the museum. (2018 江苏卷)Its strange that he should have taken the books without the owners permission(permit) 链接写作完成句子/句式升级 (2019 全国卷)如果时间允许的话，我会参加今年的音乐节。 (普通表达)If time permits, I wil
17、l attend this years music festival.(条件状语从 句) (高级表达)Time permitting, I will attend this years music festival.(独立主格结 构) 名师点津 permit 既可以用于 permit doing sth.，也可用于 permit sb.to do sth.。有相同用法的动词还有：advise，allow，forbid 等。 2spot vt.发现；认出 n斑点；污点；地点 高考原句 2020 全国卷 There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted
18、two paintings he thought would look nice above his dining room table. (1)spot sb./sth.发现某人/某物 spot .doing sth.发现正在做某事 be spotted with 散布；点缀 (2)on the spot/scene 当场，立即；在现场 a historic spot 名胜古迹 a tourist spot 旅游景点 on the crime spot 在犯罪现场 be covered with spots of mud 满是泥点 基础练习单句语法填空 (2019 天津卷)She said
19、she spotted(spot) my wallet on a bus seat. I was waiting for my friend when I suddenly spotted a man not far from me staring(stare) at me. In addition, there are famous artists who will show on the spot how to cut paper. 链接写作句式升级 (普通表达)The police arrived at the spot and there they found the evidence
20、. (高级表达)The police arrived at the spot where they found the evidence(定语从 句) 3account vi.&vt.认为；说明；总计有 n说明；理由；计算；账目 高考原句 2018 全国卷According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total global fertilizer consumption. (1)take account of./take.into account 把考虑在内 on account of 因为，由于 on
21、no account 决不 give an account of 报告；叙述；说明 (2)account for 解释；说明； (数量，比例上)占 open an account 开户 create an email account 创建电子邮件账户 give us a long account of her trip to Europe 向我们详细讲述她的欧洲之行 基础练习单句语法填空 (2020 全国卷)Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. The newspaper gave
22、 an accurate account of what happened the night before last. He had to leave his beloved basketball team on account of his injured legs. (2019 天津卷)The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class. 链接写作词汇升级 (普通表达)I sincerely hope that you will consider m
23、y suggestions. Im looking forward to hearing from you soon. ( 高 级 表 达 )I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into account/considerationIm looking forward to hearing from you soon. 名师点津 on no account意为“决不”， 放在句首时常引起句子的部分倒装， 有类似用法的还有：by no means, in no way, on no condition, under no circu
24、mstances, in no case, at no time 等。 4bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出 bring about 引起，导致 bring back 归还；带回； (事物) 使记起；恢复 bring down 使倒下；降低 bring in 吸引；引进；赚得 基础练习写出下列句中 bring up 的含义 He brought up a practical plan at the meeting, which might lower the cost of production.提出 Born into a family with three brothers， Dav
25、id was brought up to value the sense of sharing.教育 The Smiths are praised for the way they bring up their children.养育 链接写作完成句子 有人担心空气污染会造成全世界气候变化。 Some people fear that air pollution may bring about changes in the weather around the world. 政府已经采取措施，以降低日常商品的高昂价格来保持市场稳定。 The government has taken measu
26、res to bring down the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable. 5take a chance 冒险 高考原句 2019 天津卷She calculated that going to a strangers house was a risky move, but she decided to take the chance. (1)have a chance of doing/to do sth. 有机会做某事 (The) chances are (that).有可能 There is a chance o
27、f (doing) sth./that.可能 (2)by chance/accident 偶然；碰巧 基础练习单句语法填空 (2019 江苏卷)We have entered into an age when dreams have the best chance of coming true. (2019 北京卷) You may have chances to meet (meet)new people wholl become your lifelong friends. If you are a student studying the arts, chances (chance)ar
28、e you have been ill- advised to have a plan B. An artist who was recently travelling on a ferry to the southern island discovered by chance a longlost antique Greek vase. 链接写作一句多译 由于这次洪灾我们很可能无法按时完成任务。 There is a chance that we cannot finish the task on time because of the flood. The chances are that
29、 we cannot finish the task on time because of the flood. 6教材佳句 P18Well，towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.嗯，傍晚时分我发现自己被一阵大风刮到海上去了。 句法句式句中 find oneself.表示“(在事先毫无知觉的情况下)突然发现自己 处于某种状态”。宾语补足语常由介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、形容词或副 词充当；一般不用不定式，但可用 to be。 (1)find宾语 现在分词（表示主动、进行） 过去分词（表示被动、
30、完成） 形容词 介词短语 (2)findit形容词/名词to do 发现/认为做某事 金句推送 (2019 天津卷)I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed. 我经常发现自己不断告诉我的妈妈开得慢一点，这样我就能看清我们经过的 所有路标。 基础练习单句语法填空 (2020 江苏卷) We have looked at our planet from every angle and found all of the w
31、ildest things left(leave) to find. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking(smoke) in the kitchen. After wandering in the forest, we found ourselves lost (lose) in a strange path. (2019 北京卷)While working in the farmyard, I found it very hard to work (work) in the fields under a hot su
32、n. 链接写作句式升级 (普通表达)He found that his daughter was surrounded by letters and papers and she looked very worried. (高级表达)He found his daughter surrounded by letters and papers and looking very worried.(find宾语宾补) 7 教材佳句 P18The next morning Id just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a sh
33、ip.第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。 句法句式句中 had just done.when.为固定句式，意为“刚做完某事，这 时”。 句中的 when 是并列连词， 意为“就在那时”。 相当于 and then 或 and at the same time。 when 作并列连词时常用于以下句型中： (1)be doing.when.正在做这时 (2)be about to do.when. be on the point of doing. when.正要做这 时 (3)had hardly done.when.刚做了这时 金句推送 He had just finished
34、his homework when his mother asked him to practise playing the piano. 他刚做完作业这时母亲要求他练习弹钢琴。 基础练习单句语法填空 I was driving(drive)down to London when I suddenly found that I went the wrong way. He had just walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. 链接写作一句多译 我正要放弃的时候，老师的表扬给了我回答问题的勇气。 I was a
35、bout to give up when the teachers praise gave me the courage to answer the question. I was on the point of giving up when the teachers praise gave me the courage to answer the question. 名师点津 when 作从属连词可引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”； 还可引导让步状语从句，意为“既然；考虑到”。 夯基固本基础强化 .用所给词的正确形式填空。 1I was the first Western TV repor
36、ter permitted to film(film) a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 2 I ran downstairs, spotted(spot) a red wallet on the ground, and headed towards it. 3I was wandering (wander) along the pavement yesterday when a stranger came up and asked me how to go to the police s
37、tation. 4 When he woke up， he suddenly found himself surrounded (surround) by a group of teenagers. 5Being brought(bring) up in a poor family made Tom very diligent when he was still young. .在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1 The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult to tell one from the other. 2I wo
38、nder why he has been acting so strangely these days. Recent pressure at work may account for his behaviour. 3 I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once. 4By chance, he found the place where his brother had hidden the treasure. 5Nowadays, cars bring about so many p
39、roblems, which should be taken seriously by the government. .在下列句子中找出一处错误并改正。 1Finding the course very difficulty, she decided to move to a lower level. difficultydifficult 2While this book tells the stories of famous people in history, it also gives account of the lives of lesserknown individuals.
40、在 account 前加 an 3One of the station staff members spot that I was in trouble and came to help. spotspotted 4(2018 北京卷改编)When the cars owner and his colleague returned to the car, they were shocked to find two policemen stand next to it. standstanding 5My father had just got to my grandparents house
41、while he received a call from his boss. whilewhen 查缺补漏知识拾遗 .用所给词的正确形式填空。 1She went about telling me the great difficulty that my mum had bringing(bring) me up. 2I dont understand it thoroughly though I sought (seek) advice from my teacher yesterday. 3It is very important to teach the children how to
42、 deal with others kindness and rudeness (rude) 4As a punishment，she was not permitted to attend(attend) any school activities. 5She gave me a comforting smile，nodded while listening patiently(patient), and then printed out the ticket immediately. .在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1You were not boring us.On the contrar
43、y, your wonderful speech interested us a lot. 2He searched the library yesterday for whatever he could find about Mark Twain. 3He is a man who is always finding fault with other people. 4Whenever we meet with difficulties, they come to help us. 5According to the report, staring at the cell phone for
44、 long periods of time will damage our eyesight gradually. 强技提能语言应用 .语法填空 短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号 内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。 I am reading a novel full of adventure stories. The author of the book 1describes(describe) many thrilling scenes 2where the leading character, a businessman, struggles in th
45、e sea after his ship has 3 an accident. He is 4 lucky (luck) enough to be washed onto an island and 5 spotted (spot)by some local people. When he wakes up, he finds himself 6lying (lie) on the ground and ahead of him are some strangers staring 7at him. He is wondering what to do when someone brings
46、some steak and dessert for him to eat. He is indeed very hungry but he never forgets his 8manners (manner). He stands up and thanks the people around him and then has a quick meal. 9Later(late) he meets with large amounts of difficulty in this new world before he 10is taken (take) back to his birthp
47、lace. .书面表达 Step 1要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇) 马克 吐温是十九世纪美国最著名的作家之一。 Mark Twain was one of the best known American writers in the nineteenth century. 马克 吐温在密西西比河沿岸的密苏里州被养大， 并且他在那里度过了童年。 Mark Twain was brought up in Missouri along the Mississippi River and he spent his childhood there. 他尝试着在船上当水手。 He took a
48、 chance to work as a sailor on a river boat. 起初他的家人不允许他当水手。 His family didnt permit him to be a sailor at first. 他发现自己对写作感兴趣，然后他决定当一名作家。 He found himself interested in writing, and he decided to become a writer. 他的作品中有种讽刺的幽默，这就解释了他的作品深受世界各地读者喜爱 的原因。 There is a wry sense of humor in his works, which
49、accounts for the reason why his works are deeply loved by readers throughout the world. Step 2表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级) 用同位语和定语从句连接句、 Mark Twain, one of the best known American writers in the nineteenth century, was brought up in Missouri along the Mississippi River where he spent his childhood. 用定语从句连接
50、句、 He took a chance to work as a sailor on a river boat, which was not permitted by his family at first. Step 3衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) Mark Twain, one of the best known American writers in the nineteenth century, was brought up in Missouri along the Mississippi River, where he spent his childhood. Lat
